Journal of Inflammatory Diseases
Year:2017 | Volume:21 | Issue:3 (92) |Papers Count:17

Background: Glucose increases memory in rats, and inhibit memory impairments produced by morphine. One mechanism by which glucose might act on memory via regulating the ATP-sensitive potassium channel.Objective: The aim of present study was to investigate the effects of glibenclamide on memory retention of passive avoidance learning in rats.Methods: This experimental study has been conducted in Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (2016). Forty male Wistar rats were divided into: Control, DMSO and glibenclamide groups (n=8). All rats were trained in a passive avoidance task (50 Hz, 1 mA, 3 s). DMSO (0.2 ml) or glibenclamide (1, 2, 5mg/kg, i.p.) were injected for 10 days before training. Retention test was done 48 h later. Memory retention of each animal was measured as latency takes to enter the dark chamber.Findings: The time spent in the light chamber area before entering to the dark area and total time spent in the light chamber in the glibenclamide groups were less than control group. These times in the glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) group was significantly lower than control group (P<0.05), conversely total time spent in the dark chamber in the glibenclamide groups were higher than control group.Conclusion: Glibenclamide, as an ATP-sensitive potassium channel blocker, may reduce memory retention by increasing insulin levels and, consequently, reducing blood glucose levels.

Background: The obesity-related hormones leptin and adiponectin are independently and oppositely associated with insulin resistance.Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance, resistance and concurrent training on insulin resistance and adiponectin-leptin ratio in diabetic rats.Methods: Ten out of 50 male Wistar rats were separated as healthy subjects. Then diabetes was induced in the remaining rats by the injection of streptozotocin. Diabetic rats divided into 4 groups: Control, resistance training (5 sessions/week, 4 reps/3 sets), endurance training (5 sets per week of treadmill running) and concurrent training. The resistance training protocol consisted of ten weeks climbing up the ladder, while endurance training performed on treadmill for ten weeks. Concurrent training group completed a combination of both resistances and endurance treadmill training. Blood samples were taken to assess leptin, adiponectin and insulin resistance.Findings: Endurance, resistance and concurrent training significantly decreased insulin resistance and glucose (P<0.05), although concurrent training lead to greater decreases in insulin resistance (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in leptin levels in any of the groups (P>0.05). On the one hand, adiponctin level and adiponctin-leptin ratio significantly increased in all of training groups (P<0.05).Conclusion: Exercise training, as defined in this study, leads to improvements in adiponectin-leptin ratio and concurrent training has more impact on insulin resistance index in diabetic rats.

Background: Silver nanoparticles can consider as an alternative source for some antibiotic usages due to those effective antibacterial activity and eco-friendly characteristics.Objective: This in vitro study was done to evaluate the inhibitory effect of extracellular synthesized of silver nanoparticles using inexpensive cellulosic materials and supernatant culture of Isoptericola variabilis sp. IRSH1 against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods: Silver nanoparticles were produced by extracellular biosynthesis using supernatant culture of a novel thermotolerant Isoptericola variabilis sp.IRSH1 and characterized. The antibacterial activities of the synthesized silver nanoparticles were examined by the standard Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Muller-Hinton agar plates.Findings: The silver nanoparticles were produced with an average size of 77 nm and 0.29 polydispersity index (PDI). The inhibition zones of AgNPs (1000 mg/ml) were 10 mm and 11 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa respectively.Conclusion: The biosynthesized AgNPs has good antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results indicate Pseudomonas aeruginosa is more sensitive to silver nanoparticles.

Background: Multiple Sclerosis disease is a chronic disease of nervous system which causes different symptoms. Although headache is not a major symptom of this disease, but a lot of patients suffer from it. To specify the prevalence of headache and its’ types has an important role in diagnose, treatment and improvement the quality of patients’ life.Objective: Our goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of headache in multiple sclerosis patients, before and after the diagnosis of this disease.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive epidemiologic study was performed on 150 multiple sclerosis patients referred to the neurology clinic of Qazvin in 2015. Data were recorded by history taking & physical examination the existence of headache before the MS diagnosis and at the time of study was evaluated by the patients’ data.Findings: Among participants, prevalence of headache before the MS diagnosis was 40%, which increased to 64% after that (P<0.001). The most common type of headache, before and after the affection was tension headache, which formed 58.3% and 70.8% of all headaches, respectively. The average rate of headache in the group with headache, before and after the diagnosis of MS was 5.8 and 5.76 days in month, which calculated 2.32 and 3.68 days in month in all patients, respectively.Conclusion: Prevalence of headache increases in multiple sclerosis patients. Patients suffer from headache almost 13% of their life days.

Background: Children, due to their insufficient risk detection, are more vulnerable to accidents than adults.Objective: The present study has been done to explore the prevalence of accidents and related factors among children under five years old from 2006 to 2016 in Qazvin.Methods: This descriptive-analytic study concluded all 18184 children who had exposure to accidents during study time section from 2006 to 2016. All recorded data in Health Information System (HIS) of Qazvin Health Management Office were probed to explore the target figures, and then were entered in a qualified checklist. All data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods and Multinomial Logistic Regression.Findings: The prevalence rate of accidents in the target children was eight percent, which more than half (62.9 %) were taken place in boys. Accidents in children before one year old (31.4 %), and home accidents (46.5%) were the most prevalent one. In addition to these, the rates of Trauma, Fallings, and Traffic accidents were 31.8%, 15.6%, 14.9%, respectively. The most prevalent time of accident was summer (29.7%), especially in July (12.1%).Conclusion: The risk of accidents in the young children, and boys are more than others. Unsafe home environment, motor vehicles accidents, and doing unsafe behaviors are the main causes for increasing the risk. Yet, application of some programs such as; mothers’ education, administration of traffic rules may decrease the risk of accidents in the children.

Background: Parents play an important role in a child's life. The roles of parents are impaired by mental illness and this issue affects the child’s needs and meets them.Objective: This study was designed and conducted to explain gender differences of parents with mental illness on their children needs.Methods: This study was conducted using the grounded theory. Semi structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants in Qazvin 2010, selected based on purposeful and theoretical sampling. Participants included children of patients with mental disorders, their families and mental health professionals (nurses, clinical psychologist and counselor). Data were analyzed using constant comparison method suggested by Strauss & Corbin 1998.Findings: Economic and social outcomes are two major problems occur in father illness, But focus of outcomes of mother's illness is emotional. Although all participants believed except Parents gender, their illness affected on children; but mother illness has serious outcomes.Conclusion: With respect to children problems in parents' mental illness, a special place for children should be considered in the patient care plan, especially when the mother has mental illness that this issue is more important.

Background: In today's fast changings, those organizations are successful that are able to adapt themselves to these changes and possess the power of required innovation. Hospitals and health care centers where innovation and creativity are of great importance are not excluded from this rule.Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the establishment situation of knowledge management and its dimensions in the teaching hospitals of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences.Methods: This cross- sectional descriptive study included all personnel working in the teaching hospitals of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences during the year 2014. The sample size was estimated 96 persons using cluster sampling method. Data were collected using a questionnaire which its validity by a panel of experts and its reliability using Cornbrash’s alpha were calculated. Statistical analysis of the data was done by using one-sample and independent T-test.Findings: The results showed that knowledge management in the three fields of creation and identification, acquisition, and the development of it among nurses was a significant relationship. Also, there were no significant relationship in the terms of knowledge sharing, maintenance, and application among nurses.Conclusion: In the field of knowledge management and its six areas, the highest score was assigned to the development of knowledge and the lowest score was given to its sharing.

Background: Breakfast skipping was related to obesity and obesity has been associated with psychological disorders, but limited data are available linking breakfast consumption to psychological symptoms.Objective: The association between breakfast consumption and psychological disorders, including depression and anxiety, was studied among Iranian adults.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 4378 healthy adults in Isfahan, Iran. Breakfast consumption was assessed using a validated detailed dietary habits’ questionnaire; and depression and anxiety using an Iranian validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire. Psychological distress was also examined by means of Iranian validated version of General Health Questionnaire.Findings: Overall, 611 numbers (13.95%) of study participants had anxiety, 1253 numbers (28.62%) depression, and 1015 numbers (23.18%) probable mental disorders symptoms. After controlling for the confounding variables, participants with every day breakfast consumption had lower odds for depression symptoms (OR: 0.49; 95% CI: 0.36-0.66) compared with those with the least frequent intake of breakfast, even after further adjustment for BMI (OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.34-0.63). Frequent breakfast consumption was inversely associated with anxiety before and after controlling for BMI (P<0.001). The same findings were obtained for probable mental disorders (P<0.001).Conclusion: This study showed an inverse relation between breakfast consumption and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and probable mental disorders among Iranian adults. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

In the recent years, Real-time PCR technique introduced as a choice method for diagnosis of infectious diseases in many laboratories. During each cycle of the PCR reaction, this technique combines the polymerase chain reaction chemistry with the utilization of fluorescent reporter molecules for monitoring the production of amplification products. Therefore, the set of features including the high sensitivity and specificity, repeatable data and low contamination risk has made the Real-time PCR technology as an attractive alternative to conventional PCR. This technique is often used to quantify the level of gene expression. Since the whole Real-time PCR reaction is performed within a closed tube, the risk of contamination is reduced and eventually prevent false-positive results. The aim of present study was to provide a general overview on different types of Real-time PCR methods, their benefits and applications.

Background: Providing safe drinking water and monitoring the quality are necessary in the human societies.Objective: The aim of study was to evaluate the microbial quality of groundwater of Qazvin city. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate the microbial quality of 45 drinking water resources Qazvin city in terms of total coliform and fecal. Sampling was done in the winter to spring during 2013-14. Sample analysis was performed using standard multiple tube fermentation (3 tubes) method for total coliform and fecal counting.Findings: Total coliform and fecal concentration were zero in all taken samples and all samples were free of microbial contamination of total and fecal coliform.Conclusion: Microbial quality of drinking water supplies of Qazvin city was favorable in terms of total and fecal coliforms and in accordance with the standards of the country in relation to microbial contamination, But in order to maintain the desirability, continuous monitoring of the water and wastewater company is very important on the quality of the supply sources of drinking water.