Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2016 | Volume:34 | Issue:378|Papers Count:7

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common problem among adults living in the community and it is more frequent in women. Its incidence increases with age, the number of pregnancy and body mass index (BMI). So far, several conservative treatments have been proposed for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two types of exercise therapy on symptoms of stress urinary incontinence.Methods: In this single-blinded randomized controlled trial (RCT) study, 41 patients with stress incontinence with age range of 20 to 65 years were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups, biofeedback and abdominal exercises. Quality of life and muscle strength were investigated by international consultation on incontinence (ICIQ) questionnaire and standard oxford scale grade (OSG), respectively before and after the intervention.Findings: After 12 weeks of treatment, quality of life improved in both groups (P<0.01). Pelvic floor muscle strength was also increased after treatment in both group (P<0.01), but, there was no statistically significant difference between the quality of life and muscle strength between two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: It seems that adding abdominal muscle training to pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) have no statistically significant impact on the rehabilitation of the women with SUI.

Background: Bone mineral density (BMD) assessment by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis. Variation in soft tissue thickness may cause probability errors in DXA bone values. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of soft tissue thickness on bone mineral.Methods: A spine phantom consisting of bone and soft tissue equivalents (Aluminum and Perspex respectively) was made to simulate different status of bone (normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis) and abdominal thicknesses. BMD measurements were performed by DXA using a Norland XR-46 on 45 patients. The statistical analysis for determining the BMD, bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (BA) measurements was done using SPSS software.Findings: According to Pearson correlation test, variation of soft tissue thickness had no statistically significant relation on BMD, BMC and BA (P>0.05). But non-parametric regression determined soft tissue thickness had some effect on BMD and BMC (P<0.05), but no statistically effect on BA (P>0.05).Conclusion: Variation of soft tissue thickness had no considerable effect (less than1%) on bone mineral results, so errors arising from soft tissue thickness in DXA are negligible.

Background: Selenium is a trace element in the body that plays multiple physiological roles. Lack of this element can affect many serum mediators and immune cells. Abnormality in serum selenium impairs organ function and eventually causes sepsis and organ failure and reduced survival. Therefore this study was conducted to evaluate the relation between serum selenium level at arrival to intensive care unit with duration of ventilation, inflammatory factors and mortality in multiple trauma patients.Methods: 80 multiple trauma patients hospitalized in intensive care unit (ICU) of Al-Zahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran, aged 16 to 85 years were included. Serum level of selenium, C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Interleukin 1(IL1), IL33, and IL6 were measured. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were calculated for each patient. Pearson’s correlation was used to analysis the relationship between these variables and serum level of selenium.Findings: All 80 patients were included in final analysis. Mean selenium level was 77.54±44.90 and 43 patient (53.8%) had low levels of selenium and 37patient (46.2%) had normal level. Pearson correlation showed correlation between Serum selenium levels and IL6, ESR, white blood cell (WBC) and mortality, but, there was no significant correlation with other variables.Conclusion: There is no relation between serum level of selenium and mechanical ventilation of multiple trauma patients but there is relation between its level and mortality and some inflammatory factors.

Background: Seborrheic dermatitis is chronic disease and in some cases despite an appropriate treatment, symptoms continue, therefore the aim of this study was evaluation of the effectiveness of topical zinc acetate in treatment of seborrheic dermatitis.Methods: This was a single blinded randomized clinical trial and study population consisted of 60 patients with seborrheic dermatitis in face or skull referring to dermatology clinics affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Patients were divided to two groups; first groups received Ketoconazole 2% solution and a placebo solution while the second group received both ketoconazole 2% solution and zinc acetate 1.2% solution. After collecting data, SPSS software was used for data analysis via t test and chi-square.Findings: The results of this study shows this medication significantly improved pruritus but was ineffective for erythema. Before this test, pruritus in case group was 2.63±2.41 and in control group was 2.57±2.35 and after treatment pruritus in case group was 1.05±0.70 and in control group was 1.59±1.07, which according to the test, significant difference was observed between groups using chi-square test (P<0.05). Before test, erythema in case group was 1.23±0.43 and in control group was 1.07±0.58 and after treatment in case group was 0.63±0.66 and in control group was 0.66±0.62, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: The results of this study encourage using zinc acetate1.2% in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis so we can improve the quality of life of patients by decreasing pruritus and also this study suggests to measure other effects of zinc acetate on other symptoms such as Scaling.

Background: Globally, food borne diseases are the major causes of mortality worldwide and sweets are known as the potential sources of food borne pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the frequency distribution of some microbial population involved in food born disease in the sweets marketed in Isfahan, Iran, and to assess the effects of four variants including 1) moisture content, 2) products types in terms of being produced industrially or commercially, 3) the types of sweets in terms of their classical characterization and 4) sanitary level of production and distribution units on the observed contamination.Methods: A total number of 200 sweets were sampled from the market through random sampling method and undergone microbial examinations including Salmonella count, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, yeast and mold counts according to national standard methods of Iran. Data were presented using descriptive statistics and analyzed by ANOVA and Independent t test at 95% significant level using SPSS software.Findings: The results revealed that 87% of the tested samples were contaminated with at least one of the studied microorganisms. Yeast and S. aurous as the first and the second frequent contaminants were isolated from 68 and 54% of the tested sweets. Two variables including moisture content and being produced industrially or traditionally had significant effects on the population of all studied types of bacteria (P<0.05). Considering the types of sweets, Cakes and cookies revealed to be significantly less contaminated with yeast, E. coli and S. aureus than other types of sweets. The average count of S. aureus was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the samples produced in the manufacturing units holding Hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) certificate. The average count of yeast and the frequency of salmonella contamination, however, were significantly higher in the given samples (P<.05).Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that 82% of the sweets offered on Isfahan market lack the necessary microbial standards. Implantation of stronger continuous surveillance and obsessive auditing of the established health management systems by the executive authorities is seriously in demand in order to get the products qualified in terms of both national and international standards. This would enhance the margin of consumes food safety and public health.