Journal of Isfahan Medical School
Year:2010 | Volume:28 | Issue:108|Papers Count:9

Background: Approximately 15% of all live births are complicated by meconium-stained amniotic fluid.Fortunately, only 5% of neonate born through meconium staining amniotic fluid (MSAF) develop meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). This study was designed to assess the frequency of meconium staining amniotic fluid, meconium aspiration syndrome and their associated factors.Methods: this cross-sectional study performed during 2004-2005 in Alghadir hospital, which is a charity hospital located in the east part of Tehran with a large number of deliveries annually and also a highly equipped neonatal ICU. All live births newborns in these 2 years included in the study and newborns with MSAF and MAS were evaluated more.Findings: There were 6355 live births in the hospital in this period. Two hundreds and nineteen (3.4%) of them had MSAF and MAS developed in only 12 newborns (0.002 of total births and 5% of MSAF). In MAS group, 7 neonates (58.3%) had low APGAR score (<8) (P=0.001) and also, 10 of them (83.3%) had thick meconium (P=0.017); but there were no relation between MAS and type of delivery, gestational age and birth weight (P>0.05).Conclusion: There are meaningful relationships between MAS with low APGAR and thick meconium.

Background: Test Anxiety is a worldwide phenomenon. It is a big educational problem experienced by millions of students all over the world. Researches showed that the epidemic rate of Test Anxiety of students is 30 present and their educational improvement is lower than normal students.Methods: The propose of this experimental study was to compare and analysis of Test Anxiety between the guidance school girl students that randomically divided into experimental (90 girls) and control (90 girls) groups. We used test–retest method and validated Test Anxiety Inventory questionnaire was employed to assess to the data. One-way ANOVA were investigated.Findings: Comparison of groups showed the mean of pretest and posttest were significantly changed (F=4.824, P<0.029). In the other hand, Test Anxiety of girl students which contributed in treatment programs decreased.Conclusion: Cognitive, Rational-Emotional Therapy affected in reducing girls’ Test Anxiety.

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are a common health related problem throughout the world and a major cause of disability in the workplace, especially in the development countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 8-week corrective exercise on musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among workers of Loabiran industry.Methods: Ninety-one workers of Loabiran industry participated in this study. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire was used to study the prevalence of MSD. After primarily evaluations from 91 workers, thirty-one workers identified as having MSD involved in corrective exercise program for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week, each session 45 to 90 minutes).Findings: Regarding MSD, a significant difference between different sites of body was found (P<0.05); low back (26.3 %), shoulder (18.9 %) and knee (17 %) were the most prevalent sites. The severity and rate of disorders decreased significantly following 8-weeks training in low back, shoulder, knee, neck and hand/wrist areas (P<0.05).Conclusion: It can be concluded that prevalence of MSD among workers of Loabiran industry was relatively high and corrective exercise program was effective to decrease it. So, corrective exercise for reducing risk level would be recommended.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare four resistant training protocols on level of human growth hormone secretion in beginner male athletes.Methods: In a semi-excremental study, 12 healthy male subjects were chosen randomly among beginner athletes with mean age: 22.3 ± 2.2 years, height: 178.5 ± 4.03 cm, weight: 73.9 ± 3.02 kg and body mass index: 23.26 ± 1.1 kg/m2. Bilateral knee extension exercise used as the exercise movement. Each of athletes was participated in four training protocols and concentration of human growth hormone was measured before and immediately after each exercise. Interval between executing each of exercise protocols was one week. Before implementing the exercise protocol, 1RM of bilateral knee extension was measured. Protocol 1 included 5 set at 90% of 1RM, with 3-min rests until tired. In second, third and fourth protocols, after doing last set (fifth set) and 30-seconds of rest, an additional set with 50%, 30% and 20% of 1RM until tired was performed. The obtained data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures for differences among training protocols, Scheffe post hoc comparison and students paired t-test for differences between correlated means.Findings: The executing second protocol (T50) and third protocol (T30), increased human growth hormone concentrations after exercise significantly (P<0.001); whereas firs protocol (T1) and fourth protocol (T20) caused no significantly change in human growth hormone concentrations after exercise (P>0.05).Conclusion: The results of present research showed that adding a set of 50% or 30% of 1RM until tired to a training program done by high intensity and low repetition will increase amount of hormone secretion significantly after exercise.

Background: Adequate fetal movement is one of health markers and can be altered under influence of pathologic and nonpathologic causes. Since, glucose is an energetic agent, and its availability for central nervous system (CNS) provides better coordination of movements through the complex control of CNS. So in present study, we evaluated the effect of maternal glucose ingestion on fetal movements accompanied by fetal heart rate acceleration.Methods: A prospective study was performed at Amir-almomenin in Ahvaz on 35 non-laboring healthy women with normal singleton pregnancy at 37-40 weeks gestation. The women were evaluated in a fasting state (last meal more than 3 hours of the non stress test). The non stress tests and fetal body movements perceived by the mother were performed 1 hour following oral ingestion of 50 g of glucose in 240 ml of water or an equal volume of water during two successive days. Statistical analysis was performed using a paired t-test and chi-square test. In all the analysis, P<0.05 was considered significant.Findings: There was no significant difference in the incidence of number of gross fetal body movements perceived by the mother among women whether receiving glucose or water (P>0.05). However, there was an increase in the incidence of number of fine fetal movement (P=0.043) following oral ingestion glucose.Conclusion: Maternal oral glucose ingestion have effect in the incidence of number of fine fetal movement but these fetal movements could not cause fetal heart rate acceleration that is one of the health markers.

Background: Swimming is a recreational activity generally considered to be a healthy exercise. However, swimming pools may transmit a great number of infectious diseases, if not properly maintained, disinfected and monitored. The objective of the research was to investigate the water quality of Isfahan swimming pools and comprise the results with the standards.Methods: Twenty-five of public swimming pools were surveyed. Water samples were examined for physiochemical parameters including temperature, turbidity, pH and free chlorine and also for heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria, total and fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Findings: There was a poor compliance to the established standards for two important physiochemical parameters, including free chlorine and pH. Among the microbial indicators, total coliforms were the most frequent isolate, followed by HPC and fecal coliforms the next. The correlation analyses demonstrated the HPC and total coliforms bacteria populations increased with decrease in free chlorine. The correlation analyses also indicated that there was a positive relationship between total coliforms and all other microbiological parameters.Conclusion: Complete compliance of the pools to the standards was fairly poor and only one of the pools was free of pollution by fecal coliforms and P. aeruginosa, two important microbial indicators, during the sampling period. It is also important to maintain the proper level of free chlorine and pH in the swimming pools to ensure safety of the water quality.

Background: The etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) is still not fully understood. Infectious agents are believed to play a role in the development of this multifactorial disease. The aim of this study was comparison of HBsAg and HBsAb in multiple sclerosis patients and control group.Methods: We conducted a case-control study within the Multiple Sclerosis Database in Isfahan. Forty multiple sclerosis patients and forty people of their neighbors (as control group) were include in the study. We evaluate the plasma levels of HBsAg and HBsAb in both groups. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS16 using Independent sample t-test and chi-square test. We considered P<0.05 as significance.Findings: Plasma levels of HBsAb were positive in 25% of all multiple sclerosis subjects vs 15% of subjects in control group (P>0.05).Conclusion: The findings indicate no association between plasma levels of HBsAg and multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system.In this disease, the immune system attacks myelin sheath in the areas of the brain and spinal cord known as the white matter. Despite extensive researches, the etiology of disease is still unknown. Epidemiological evidences and high levels of immunoglobulin G in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients suggest a role for infectious disease in the etiology of multiple sclerosis. In this paper, we review the recent findings regarding the most extensively studied bacteria and viruses in the etiology of multiple sclerosis.