MEDICAL JOURNAL OF MASHHAD UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Year:2014 | Volume:57 | Issue:3|Papers Count:12

Introduction: Pregnant mothers always faced with the question of whether or not fasting is harmful for their babies. The research in this area has had conflicting results. Therefore, in order to answer this question, we compared the neonatal growth parameters of mothers who had dealt with this matter and without.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted during 2009-2013 on 1020 neonates at Maternity ward of Ghaem hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Newborns were divided into two groups based on maternal history (infants of mothers who had been fasting for at least 10 days during pregnancy=614 infants) and control (babies from non-fasting mothers=386). The growth parameters at birth (weight, height, head circumference) were compared between two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent t-test, and Mann Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests.Result: The first minute Apgar scores were 8.3 vs.8.6 (p=0.000), and the fifth minute Apgar scores were 9.1 vs 9.3 (P=0.000) in the control group vs. case group. Average heights of infants were 48.3 cm in the control group and 49 cm in the case group (p=0.098). The average birth weights were 3000 g in control group and 3170 g in case group (p=0.065). Average head circumferences were 33.7cm in the control group and 34 cm in case group (p=0.201).Conclusion: Based on our findings, neonatal growth parameters were better in the fasting pregnant mothers compared with the non-fasting pregnant mothers.However, this difference was not significant. Newborns of fasting mothers were better at birth.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation of cinnamon on glucose control index and lipid profile in type II diabetic patients.Methods: The present study was a randomized trial on 75 patients with type II diabetes mellitus (30 patients in cinnamon group and 45 patients in control group), in Karaj-Iran during 2010 to 2012. The two groups were given 90 days cinnamon and placebo capsules (starch) (500 mg, twice a day after breakfast and lunch). Vein blood samples were taken at the beginning and end of study to measure fasting blood glucose (FBG), two-hour blood glucose (BS2hpp), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin serum, Triglyceride, total Cholesterol and its contents. Using HOMA Score, insulin resistance was also measured. The Chi square test, t-test, ANOVA and SPSS software were used to analyze the data.Result: At the end of intervention, a significant reduction was seen in BMI in the cinnamon group compared to placebo (p=0.01).While there wasn’t a significant difference in other variables. Also, in patients receiving cinnamon, the mean of FBG, BS2hpp, HbA1c, serum insulin, HOMA score and BMI was significantly more different than before the intervention (p<0.05 for all items).Conclusion: Although it did not appear that oral supplementation of cinnamon, alone reduced the glucose and lipid blood parameters in type II diabetic patients, nevertheless, its supplementation in order to adjust the weight of diabetic patients with conventional therapy is recommended.

Introduction: Parkinson disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease among the aging population. The aim of this study was to determine if 10-weeks of functional exercise training would result in improvements in functional fitness and quality of life of people with Parkinson's disease.Methods: Research methodology was experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. A total of 20 men and 20 women with mild to moderate idiopathic PD, aged 55-75 were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Before the training period the level and severity of disease, mental state, functional fitness and quality of life in all patients were assessed respectively by using UPDRS and H& Y, MMSE, FFT and PDQL questionnaire. Research data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential (MANOVA, ANOVA, T-test). All operations and statistical analysis at significant level (P≤0.05) were performed using SPSS software version 18.Result: The results showed that there was no significant difference between patients in functional fitness (P=0.99) and Quality of Life (P=0.87) in pretest.While in the experimental group the pretest and posttest scores on functional fitness (P=0.00) and quality of Life (P=0.01) were significantly different.Conclusion: These findings suggested the role of functional training in improving functional fitness and quality of life in patients with Parkinson disease. It would effects positively on individual's independence to perform daily living tasks and having a better life.

Introduction: Noonan Syndrome has been described by Jacquelin Noonan about 40 years ago which was described with short stature, dysmorfic face & cardiac abnormalities. There is wide spectrum of Noonan’s phenotypes.Frequency of this syndrome is about 1/1000-1/2500 worldwide. Specific character on the face of these patients, malformed chest and vertebrae, short stature, heart abnormalities which are usually with pulmonary stenosis & hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) are also common.Methods: In this article we studied frequency of major clinical manifestations in 20 patients with Noonan Syndrome which were diagnosed in Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital during 4 years.Result: Typical face was presented in 70%, short stature in 70%, major heart abnormality in 45% and other deformities in 25% and about 50% of them were mentally retarded.Conclusion: Although general manifestations of Noonan syndrome in patients seemed to be similar to other countries but incidence and prevalence of each of the symptoms were significantly different. For better diagnosis of this syndrome attention to these symptoms, and however modification of diagnostic criteria seems to be essential.

Introduction: Nesfatin-1 and ghrelin are two effective peptides in the regulation of energy balance. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of eight weeks aerobic endurance training on nesfatin-1 and acylated ghrelin in obese men.Methods: Twenthy one obese volunteer men randomly divided into the training and control groups. Training group was run with the intensity (55- 65% max), 45 min, 4 days/week, for 8 weeks. Nesfatin-1, acylated ghrelin (ELISA), body composition and VO2 max of the subjects measured pre and post 8 weeks.Result: The results of independent t-Test showed that the 8 weeks aerobic endurance training did not have significant effect on serum nesfatin-1 and plasma acylated ghrelin levels. In training group, nesfatin-1 decreased and acylated ghrelin increased, but none of these variables showed significant changes like percentages of body fat and BMI.Conclusion: Thus, it seemed the levels of plasma acylated ghrelin and serum nesfatin-1, consequent of loosing weight by aerobic training, increased and decreased, respectively.

Introduction: Phenyl alanin hydroxylase enzyme deficiency induces hyperphenylalaninemia. Without Treatment most of patients suffer from mental retardation. Early diagnosis is a critical implication. High incidence of consanguineous marriage is associated with high incidence of phenylketonouria in the population.Methods: All cases of pku who were identified in mashhad university of medical sciences until September 2013 are included in this study. There were 81 patients with pku. Data collected from these patients records.Result: Incidences of new cases that identified by screening in 2012-2013 were 4 per 69347 live birth, 80% of pku patients had a positive history of consanguineous marriage in their parents. Only 10% of patients identified with screening in the first week of birth. In residual 90%, the most common reason for visiting doctor was retardation of development. The mean age of diagnosis in these patients was 19 months.Conclusion: Public awareness from PKU screening, specially in infants born in consanguineous marriages is a critical preventive intervention for public health. With timely and proper treatment, most of patients gained from this regimen. Increase of attention of parents and physicians to benefits from infant screening within 3- 5 days of birth and correct follow up are critical public health interventions.

Introduction: Chronic gastrointestinal disorders, imposes stress and large economic burden on society and the health care system. Including chronic disorders, irritable bowel syndrome can be noted. The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome in Mashhad for further recognition of the disease in Iranian society.Methods: This cross-sectional study in 2013 was conducted on 323 patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Sampling method was based on purposive.For the purposes of this study, the recorded data entered into SPSS software were analyzed. The descriptive statistical methods were used for description of the subjects, and to compare variables in subgroups of patients, parametric (analysis of variance) and nonparametric (Kruskal-wallis) tests were used. P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.Result: The subtype of mixed had the highest frequency and subtype of constipation had the lowest frequency. Female to male ratio was 1.5 to 1 and gender distribution had not significant differences in four subtypes (P=0.1).Duration of disease was approximately 4.5 years that was significantly different in four subtypes (P=0.03). The patients had at least one visit to doctor every month.Conclusion: Clinical characteristics and social patterns were not significantly different in subgroups of IBS. Frequency of patient visiting the doctor was 12 times in a year for every patient, and these days of disability are a significant economic costs to individuals, society and the health system.

Introduction: Different physical activities have an effects on antioxidant system. Variety, period and intensity of activities are necessary in improvement of safety in society. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of high intensity training with consumption of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on antioxidant enzymes activities in female Sprague Dawley rats.Methods: A total of 50 female Sprague dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: control, CoQ10, CoQ10+exercise and exercise. Some groups were supplemented with CoQ10 (20 mg/kg) and the others were training with exercise programs for 4 weeks. The exercise programs were performed 5 times in a week with speed (10-17 m/s) in slope range (5<slope<15) for 15-60 minutes. After that, Blood samples were drawn from heart and Enzyme activities of SOD and CAT were measured just before, after training and 24 hours later. The activities of the enzymes were determined by using enzyme linked immune sorbent assay kit (ELISA). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test.Result: The results showed that high intensity training and CoQ10 had significant effects on SOD enzyme activity in groups of rats which trained with CoQ10+exercise or exercise. Also, average CAT enzyme activity in rats which received CoQ10, showed a significant increase compared with other groups.Conclusion: It seems that using of CoQ10 with doing regulatory aerobic exercise after training and 24 hours later can cause adaptation in antioxidant enzyme system. However, CAT activity was decreased.

Introduction: The pattern of HIV transmission in Iran is changing from Intravenous drug abuse to sexual transmission, the consequence of which is increase in infants and children HIV.Case Report: In this article we presented three cases of pediatric HIV infection. The three children had drug abuser fathers (which 2 of them were deceased at the time of the child HIV diagnosis). The ages of first diagnosis of HIV in the children were 18 months, 6 years and 13 years. The first two children were in AIDS phase at the time of HIV diagnosis, but the third case had not yet entered the AIDS phase, although her CD4 was decreasing and antiretroviral therapy was started for her at the age of 18Y (for a CD4 count of 312/] 3).Conclusion: These children represented the three different scenarios of disease progression in perinatal HIV infection (rapid progress, usual and slow progression).