Medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
Year:2011 | Volume:53 | Issue:4|Papers Count:13

Introduction: Phospholipases are the major component of all eukaryotic bilayer cell membranes. And serve as a scaffold for membranes proteins. Phospholipases are a class of ubiquitous enzymes that have estrase activity and due to their ability to lyses of cell membrane can play an important role for pathogenicity of microrganisims. During this study using degenerate primers based on homologous amino acid sequences of some fungi phospholipase B (PLB), detection of Aspergillus fumigatus PLB3 was carried out.Materials and Methods: After DNA extraction of A. fumigatus, A. niger, Fusarium venonatum and Aurobasidiumpullulans PCR reaction was carried out using degenerate primers. Predicted 2100 bp product from A. fumigatus was cloned in pGEMT-Easy vector and then transformed into E. coli Top 10 F’ competent cell for extraction of cloned DNA fragment. Result: Sequence analysis of 2100 bp fragments using BLASTX software were revealed a high homology to published PLB sequences from other fungi.Conclusion: Phylogenic tree analysis of PLB3 gene shows that PLB and potential PLB analogues like lysophospholipase are contained in a large cluster of the PLB family. A. fumigatus PLB gene is more closely related to A. oryzae, A.niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and Neurospora crassa than other fungi. Also, sequence availability of full length PLB3 gene represents a noteworthy breakthrough in the study of this opportunistic pathogen and function of PLB3 gene in pathogenesis of A. fumigates. Detection of PLB3 gene can be lead to preparing vaccine, blocker and laboratory marker for recognition of PLB3 gene products either in patient body or clinical samples.  

Introduction: Organophosphate pesticides are widely used for agricultural pest control. Recent studies have linked pesticide exposure to respiratory symptoms and spirometry abnormalities. Regular use of appropriate personal protective equipment could protect workers from adverse respiratory health effects. This study explores the prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms and ventilatory function among workers with occupational exposure to organophosphate pesticides. Materials and Methods: An interviewer- administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic characteristic , smoking profile and history of respiratory health among 134 worker at a orgnophosphate production plant (exposed group ), and workers occupationally unexposed to dust , fumes and gases (unexposed group ). Pulmonary function was assessed for both groups.Results: A higher percentage of the exposed workers reported recurrent and prolonged respiratory symptoms including cough (17%), phlegm (19%), wheeze (6%), dyspnoea (9%), shortness of breath (7%) and bronchial asthma (4%). Among the unexposed, prevalence of these symptoms were 9, 11, 1, 2, 4, and 1%, respectively. FVC, FEV1, and FEV1/FVC were significantly lower in the exposed workers compared with unexposed workers. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of respiratory symptoms increased 3.6 fold in organophosphate workers when compared to controls. Conclusion: This study suggests an increase of adverse respiratory health effects (reduction in lung function and a rise in respiratory symptoms) in workers with organophosphate exposure. We conclude that long term exposure to organophosphate is associated with chronic or permanent restrictive lung disease. This phenomenon was not observed in the control group.

Introduction: Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm of B lymphocytes and less common T lymphocytes that morphologically can be mistaken with several benign and malignant diseases. These diseases have different course, treatments and prognosis from Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Immunohistochemical staining is very useful that will aid in separating Hodgkin’s Lymphoma from a series of benign and malignant lookalikes.Materials and Methods: We Randomly selected 53 cases with primary diagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in pathology laboratory of Imam Reza Hospital from 1374-1384. To confirm or rule out of the primary diagnosis, microscopic evaluation and Immunohistochemical staining were done.Results: Overall in 47 cases (88.7%), Hodgkin’s lymphoma was confirmed and 6 cases (11.3%) were non hodgkin lymphoma.A total 5 cases were T cell Rich large B cell lymphoma and 1 case was anaplasic large cell lymphoma probably. In Hodgkin’s lymphoma cases, the mean age was 40 years. Except for nodular sclerosis other types were more frequent in males. (M/F = 2.5).The commonest type was mixed cellularity (39 cases) (54.7%).Conclusion: Misdiagnosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma without Immunohistochemical staining was 11.3%. Because of significant difference between treatment and prognosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and other morphologically similar diseases, immunohistochemical staining particulary in lymphocytic depletion and nodular lymphocytic predominant Hodgkin’s lymphoma, is necessary and recommended.

Introduction: Bipolar mood disorders are severe and permanent disorders occurring approximately in 1% of the adults. Children of parents with Bipolar disorder are at risk for mood disorders. So we decided to evaluate psychiatric disorders in children of bipolar patients. Materials and Methods: This is a case control study. 184 children of 58 bipolar parents and 185 children of 57 control parents participated in the study; all they were between the ages of 8 and 15 years. Diagnosis was made by two psychiatrist based on DSM-IV criteria and using K-SADS and SADS.Results: Psychiatric disorders were more common in bipolar patiens offspring than control group Affective disorders were the most common diagnosis, (16 times) ADHD were the next one (5.57), and substance abuse (3.46), Antisocial personality disorder (5.75), Anxiety disorder (2.5) down the rate. (pv=0/000).Conclusion: the results of this study suggest that children of bipolar parents have an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorder; the children of bipolar patients need to be screened for psychiatric symptoms and referred for psychiatric evaluation and treatment.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases and cerebrovascular accidents are the more frequency causes of mortality in the world, we recognized common risk factors but in recent years some work environment exposures such as cold exposure are maybe other risk factors. The aim of this study is the assessment of Blood pressure & body temperature of workers with cold exposure & without this. Materials and Methods: With a cross - sectional study on 365 workers of dairy and food Industry factories in Mashhad in 2008-2009 by measurement of Blood pressure & body temperature & filling the checklist we performed this study , data has been analyzed with SPSS 11.5, t-test, regression analysis with P < 0.05. Results: Mean of systolic blood pressure in exposure & none exposure groups are 119. 34, 118. 06 mmHg with P = 0.196, mean of diastolic blood pressure in two groups are 78.66, 77.19 mmHg with P = 0.03 & mean of body temperature are 36.99 & 37°C with P = 0.079, the mean difference of HDL cholesterol and salt consumption between two groups with P = 0. 000 has been significant.Conclusion: Mean of blood pressure & body temperature are normal. With regression analysis we found that cold exposure might be had some effect on diastolic blood pressure.

Introduction: Considering the vast methods of rectal prolapsed, a very common condition in children, either surgical (by abdominal or perineal approach) or non-surgical (sclerozing agents’ injection), the authors evaluated the therapeutic effects of injecting dextrose 50% through perineal rectopexy.Materials and Methods: All those referred patients with rectal prolaps to Dr. Sheikh children hospital were included in this study. All were sub-mucusally injected 5 cc of dextrose 50% solution and the therapeutic results (recurrence and complications) were evaluated.Results: During this study 46 patients were injected about 5 cc of dextrose 50% solution. All went through the operation without any complications and during a 6 month following up none of the complications such as fistulae, abscess formation, urinary retention, and mucosal necrosis were detected. Nine patients were re-injected due to the prolapsed recurrence however no complications occurred in the second operation. The described procedure is a simple, inexpensive, and repeatable one.Conclusion: Deflux has been suggested as the best sclorizing agent in articles but it is expensive. Sub-mucusally injection of dextrose 50% is a simple, inexpensive, and repeatable procedure with a 100% positive therapeutic results, therefore could be, suggested as a substitution procedure in treating children’s rectal prolapsed.

Introduction: During the past decade Asthma have been increased worldwide. Free radicals have been proposed to be responsible or the pathogenesis of many diseases because of their harmful effects on the cells and tissues. There are some defense mechanisms in the organism to avoid the harmful effects of free radicals. The most important antioxidants are glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Glutathione peroxidase has selenium and superoxide dismutase system has zinc in their structures which diminish the harmful effects of oxygen free radicals. This research was done to analyze the relation between serum zinc concentrations as antioxidant in children asthma.Materials and Methods: This was a case study. We made comparison between 80 asthmatic patients. Who attended the pediatric allergy outpatient’s clinics and 80 control group children who attended the pediatric outpatient clinic for the complaints of non-specific non-chronic disorders (acute upper respiratory system infection, urinary tract infection e.t.c) without any of history of atopy. None of the patients in the study used systemic or inhaled steroids and nonsterioidal anti-inflammatory for the last 2 weeks. The serum zinc was measured with manual calorimetric method and then the results were compared. Results: In this study the overage age in case group was (6.07± 2.07 yrs) and in control group was (5.25±3.44 yrs). Therefore, no significant difference was detected. In view of gender both groups were totally identical. Mean serum zinc in patients was 93.93±25.58 mg/dl and in controls was 97.18±23.59 mg/dl; With no statistical difference (P>0.05).Conclusion: It was not approved that serum zinc concentrations were lower in the asthmatic patients than normal individuals.

Introduction: The relationship between obesity and puberty is still controversial. This study examined this issue in girls in pubertal age in Mashhad.Materials and Methods: A total of1300 healthy girls aged 11-15, in Mashhad public guidance schools were recruited from all 7 urban educational regions using double-stages cluster sampling method. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected using standard methods. Data of dietary habits and intakes were collected using a valid questionnaire (230 subjects) and a 24-h recall (216 subjects) respectively. Age of menarche was also recorded for pubertal girls. BMI between 85-95 percentiles was defined as overweight and BMI³95 percentile as obesity (based on BMI percentiles of WHO references for age and sex).Survival Analysis method was used.Results: Prevalence of overweight and obesity were 11.5% and 10.3% respectively.63% of subjects had experienced menarche with mean menarche age of 13 ± 0.06 yrs. There was shown a significant correlation of BMI with menarche occurrence and menarche age (r=0.33, r=-0.2 respectively, P< 0.001]. Menarche age was 13.1±0.07 yrs in normal group and 12.2±0.07 yrs in overweight and obese subjects (P< 0.001). Overweight and obese girls had consumed less frequently breakfast and more snacks than normal ones. Their frequency of intake for spaghetti, ice cream, sweets, nuts, chips and sweetened beverages was also significantly higher than that of normal girls.Conclusion: In girls with higher BMI menarche are more likely occurred in lower ages and their dietary patterns are different compared to those with normal BMI.

Introduction: Pace maker is used to compensate the difficulty in production of heart impulse. Migration of epicedial leads and abdominally placed generators, a very uncommon finding, is a potentially serious complication and has been associated with infection, diarrhea and stimulation of the surrounding structure.Case report: We report the case of a 55-year-old woman who experienced abdominally migration of an pericardial pacing system after 3 years of implantation and discuss about predisposing factor and Outcomes of complications Finds in Clinic.