Iranian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine
Year:2001 | Volume:5 | Issue:13|Papers Count:13

Restriction fragment length polymorphism was utilized to analys the genetic variation among wild polio type Ι virus isolates. RT-PCR was used to amplify a 300 base region of VP1/2A genome of the viral isolates, using 3 pairs of primers(M3SB, M3S, M6).The above- mentioned 300 base region corresponds to a highly variable region of the wild - type virus. The amplified product, in each case was digested with Dde Ι, Hpe ΙΙ, and Hae ΙΙΙ restriction endonucleosis, and the patterns were analyzed. ELLSA and hybridization techniques were used to identify, a total of 64 positive cases of wild type polio viruses, during the period of 1370-1376, corresponding to 3 years befor and 3 years after the mass vaccination. Fragments were successfully amplified from 52 positive cases. Mahoni wild type virus and the sabian vacine virus were used as controls in this study. Analysis of the restriction patterns of the amplified product, indicated a high level of genetic variation among viral isolates prior to the mass vaccination. The results also indicates a decrease of genetic variation among the isolates, obtained during the period after the mass vaccination, leading to final cycling of a single genotype of wild polio virus type Ι in 1376.

Introduction: Toxocariasis is an infection with Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati larvae which produces various signs and symptoms in human. Despite presence of source of infection in Chahalmahal-va Bakhtiari province, there has been no report concerning human infection so far. Therefore this survey was planed to evaluate the statues of human toxocariasis in the province. Methods: In human being toxocariasis mostly occur in children and one of its important characteristic is eosinophilia. In this case, all of the patient under 15 years of age who came to Al-zahra lab and Hajar Hospital labs with eosinophilia above 10% were evaluated for toxocariasis. A total of 250 cases were observed and medical history taken to rule out eosinophilia producing disorders. Those who had at least a disorder accompanied by eosinophilia or proven to have intestinal parasitic infection were put aside of the study. Ultimately, serum specimens were collected for indirect immunofluoresence method from the 64 remainder cases suspected to have toxocariasis. These sera were tested in the faculty of public health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Results: 13 out of 64 sera specimens had toxocariasis detected by IFAT. Thus 5.2% of hypereosinophilic cases showed infection with Toxocara. 8 cases were male and 5 cases were famale, 61.5% were rural and 23% urban inhabitants while 15/5% had tribal lives. The most important symptoms of the disorder include bronchospasm, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. Discussion: Results of this survey revealed that toxocariasis exist in Chaharmahal-va-Bakhtiari province despite previous reports showed otherwise. Therefore, it is recommended that pediatrics and infectious diseases specialist to consider toxocariasis as a probable cause of idiopathic eosinophilia.

In this study frequency of mycoplasma hominis and urealyticum were studied by culture method and comparison between females with abortion and control group. The results from the total number of 220 cases and 350 control group were as Follow: 1- Mycoplasma hominis was isolated from 33 (14.7%) Females with abortion and 32(9.1%) Control group. There was not statistical significant difference between the two group (X2 = 3.64, P= 0.056). 2- Ureaplasma Urealyticum was isolated from 54 (24%) Females with abortion and 64 (15.3%) control group. There was not statistical significant difference between two groups (X2=2.40 P=0.121).

Paralytic poliomyelitis continues to be an important disease occurring worldwide. The poliovirus, a member of the genus Enterovirus, and of the family picornaviridae is the causative agent of poliomyelitis. In 1988 the world health organization (WHO) offered a program for the global eradication of poliomyelitis by the year 2000. To meet this goal National immunization Days (NIDS) with opv (Oral live Polio Vaccine) have been enforced. As we expected, cases of poliomyelitis related to wild strains declined, but in rare vaccine recipients and in a very few close contacts of vaccinees. There have been cases of paralytic poliomyelitis that are associated with vaccine administration. Therefore of confirn, eradication it is necessary to determine whether the poliovirus strains isolated from patients with poliomyelitis are vaccine derived or are wild viruses. For this reason virologic surveillance envolves isolation of the poliovirus followed by serotyping and intratypic differentiation of the virus as wild or vaccine derived. To achieve this intratypic differentiation, various methods have been developed involving genomic analysis such as probe Hybridization. This method has been based on genetic differences between wild and sabin strains. In this study strains of polioviruses from poliomyelitis patients during 1992-1998 were tested by probe hybridization with Acid Nucleic. In 1992 and 1993 results show that before NIDS 100% of polioviruses type Ι,ΙΙ, ΙΙΙ  were wild, but ill 1992 coinciding with NIDS, 11% of type Ι were wild and in 1995, 12.5% of type Ι were wild. In 1996 and 1997 there was an increase of wild polioviruses type Ι such as that in 1996, a case out of 18 virus type Ι were wild and in 1997, 12 cases out of 16 virus were wild. For confirmation of results we selected some samples from 1996 and 1997which we then forwarded to CDC. After sequencing genetic resemblance and close relationship were observed between wild poliovirus type Ι of Iran and Irans neighboring eastern countries. This may have been caused by migration from endemic polio countries to Iran. Fortunately by vaccination of children under five in border areas in 1988 only two cases of wild poliovirus type Ι were observed. After 1994 coinciding with NIDS no wild poliovirus type ΙΙ was observed. The numbers of wild poliovirus type ΙΙΙ  from 1995 to 1998 were as followes: 2 cases (in 1995). 1 cases (in 1996) 3 cases (in 1997), 1 cases (in 1998). These results represent the hope of total eradication of the wild polioviruses in Iran by the year 2000!!!

Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease due to V.cholera. Mortality is high without fluid and electrolyte replacement. In this survey, we selected 112 cholera patients in infectious dis. Ward in Shahid Beheshti Medical Sciences University in 1377. We took History, PE, CBC, Biochemistery Tests, ABG and stool smear-culture of all, then we wrote their results in specific questionnaire. In base of results, male give Cholera more than female. All adult age groups will be involved but in 40-50 years old, there are a relative resistancy. Diarrhea and vomiting are the most common complains. Fever and abdominal pain was said in a few patients. All of them had metabolic Acidosis. Wet stool smear was positive for V. Cholera bacilli in 70 percent. In cultures Ogawa were prominent agent. The most of patients had good response to Doxycycline as single dose.

The study was conducted to determine the incidence of fresh cheese contamination with Brucella organism. 683 cheese samples were collected from Sirjan, Shahrbabak and its rural area for a period of 18 months. 48 Samples of 683 were positive for Brucella and species of Brucella determined by biochemichal procedure as follow: Brucella melitensis 4.4% (16 samples), Brucella abortus 2.6% (16 samples), 9.3% of 353 samples were positive in shahrbabak and is rural area (4.5% Brucella melitensis and 4.8% Brucella abortus). 4.8% of 330 samples were positive in Sirjan and its rural area (4.5% Brucella melitensis and 0.3% Brucella abortus). The high incidence of brucella infectious in Shahrbabak city (9.3%) and sirjan city (4.8%), indicates that, the various dairy products of milk is not sanitable and certain standard medical health value of Iran dose not regard.

Brucellosis, is a zoonotic disease that is transmitted from animal to human. Brucellosis is expressed by fever, chills, malaise, sweating, generalized aches & pains, headache, joint pains, myalgiae, losses of appetite and weight & etc. If brucellosis is not properly treated, Brucella can localizes in different body systems & may create many disturbances in osteoarticular, nervous, digestive, respiratory, urogenital & cardiovascular systems. Endocarditis, usually occurs in the cardiovascular form of brucellosis. In this research to study about frequency of brucellosis in patients suffering from cardiovascular disorders & evaluation of efficacy of serological tests for detection of brucellosis in this patients, we preformed sorological tests (Rapid agglutination test with 599 antigen of brucella abortus, Rosebengal plate agglutination, Wrigth & 2ME tests) on 500 sera samples of persons who suffered from cardiovascular diseases, & were hospitalized in Emam khomaini Hospital, Sari city, Mazandaran province, IRAN. We could serologically diagnosed brucellosis in one patient. Furthermore, we evaluated preexistence of brucellosis in the patients with heart diseases. We found brucellosis in past records of 9 persons (%1.8 of patients).

Common variable immunodeficiency is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by decreased level of circulating immunoglobulins and increased risk of bacterial infection, autoimmune, and granulomatous disease. One of the most striking complications of CVID is granulomatous disease, which can be confused with sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, chronic granulomatous disease and etc. In this article we report a case of granulomatous CVID diagnosed in a 21 year old woman and discuss relation between CVID and granulomatous reactions.