Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine
Year:2002 | Volume:7 | Issue:25|Papers Count:13

Sexual offences comprise an important part of crimes and today courts of justice benefit greatly from forensic expert’s cooperation in resolving criminal cases. To prove the occurance of sexual violence, physical and laboratory examination may be used, most important is the examination of hymen to reveal intactness of rupture.In this study, we have considered the cases being referred to central branch of Tehran legal Medicine organization "LMO" during the second semester of 1378 (1999).Using "cross - sectional descriptive" method by filling question forms, we arrived at the following results:The "10-19" year old age group makes up the largest population of the 225 cases, most of whom were unemployed, studied up to secondary school, and belonged to the lower economical class, mostly from over crowded families. 1/3 of cases previously committed petty crimes had already been taken in to custody. Most cases were brought up in disrupted families. ¼ of cases had positive history of mental disorders and drug abuse. 2/3 of these cases are from Tehran.Cigarette smoking, Alcohol and narcotic drug consumption were seen in 32% of cases and in 50%, 17.64% and 21.7% of fathers, mothers and siblings, respectively.Positive signs of ruptured hymen were seen in 1/3 of cases, mostly in the "10-19" year old age group.The study has the aim of showing that social, familial, mental, educational and cultural factors contribute to sexual offences and attention must be paid to the above mentioned factors in preventing. and eradication of these offences.

The facial nerve is one of the most important cranial nerve and its injury will result in significant functional and somatic morbidity in patient, leading to a grave psychotic and somatic complication. By accomplishing 22 classic superficial prostatectomy on cadavers in Tehran legal medicine center, facial nerve trunk was exposed. We report the position of facial nerve in relation to retromandibuler vein and buccal branch in relation to parotid duct.

It has recently been reported that the use of halogenated agents during balanced general anaesthesia may result in an increase in blood loss associated with cesarean section. This report has been criticized for failure to control for a variety of other factors that may have contributed to the increased blood loss, particularly the indication for and type of cesarean section. The present study was designed in attempt to resolve this criticism. Blood loss was evaluated in uncomplicated patients undergoing elective repeat cesarean section under either general anaesthesia using a halogenated agent (Halotane) or regional anaesthesia (spinal). All 130 singleton term, nonlaboring women underwent repeat low transverse cesarean section performed through a transverse abdominal incision. Exclusion criteria were maternal medical complications, abnormal placentation, polyhydramnios, presence of uterine leiomyomas, and intraoperative complications. Sixty - five patients (50%) received regional and 65 (50%) received general anaesthesia. A greater proportion of women undergoing general anaesthesia experienced a postoperatvie hematocrit decrease of 5 vol % or more compared with patients receiving regional anaesthesia of 65 versus 4 of 65, P=0.003 Thus, we conclude that women undergoing uncomplicated elective repeat cesarean section under general anaesthesia supplemented with a halogenated agent are at risk for increased blood loss compared with those women receiving regional anaesthesia.However, the increased blood loss was not clinically significant in this study, since none of the patients required transfusion.

Liver is the main way of body detoxification and so in danger of cellular lesion. In some toxicities, the toxicologic evaluations is negative and hepatic pathology may help in determining the cause of death.In this study, 515 cases suspected of toxicities according to toxicoligic or clinical findings, a liver sample was taken. Cases with known liver disease, pregnancy, CHF were submitted 84% of cases were male and 88% of them were in agerange of 15-50 years old. Opioids (63%), drugs (J9%) and toxins were the involved agent. The most common pathologic finding was acute hepatocellulosis (38%) and then chronic hepatocellulosis. 27% of cases had normal appearance.

Puberty doesn't occur suddenly and is a procedure which lasts several years since teenage up to puberty. Different characteristics are used for assigning of different periods of puberty. Bone age and secondary sexual characteristics (such as sexual organ and pubic hair growth) are used in the assessment of different periods of puberty. Several boys schools have been chosen for assessment among the 19 districts of education and training in four different geographic regions of Tehran, means:north, east, west and south. Boys were chosen in the age range of 12-14 yrs and eighty cases from each age group were studied (totally 400 cases)for systemic diseases such as: endocrine, metabolic, cardiac, renal and intestinal. There wasn't any of above diseases among them. These persons have been chosen from different geographic regions of Tehran in the same age and were introduced to the Legal Medicine organization (L.MO) They have been studied for bone age by radiography of wrist and hand and were - examined for secondary sexual characteristics. Changes in pubic hairs and testis growth have been used in this research according to Marchal & Tanner and Reynolds & Wine classification. This classification contains fivefold procedures in sexual organ growth (means G1-G5) and six fold procedures in pubic hair growth (means (P1-P6). The results of this study over 400 cases in the age range of 12-16 are as following1. Male bone growth in Tehran isn't in the harmony with GP standards and according to standards level, is lower.2. It is known that primary symptoms of puberty (means growth of sexual organs and pubic hairs) in male cases in different age range happen earlier than the female.

Isolated arterial injury without concomitant nerve injury is uncommon. Failure to repair apartial arterial laceration may result in false aneurysm formation and delayed nerve dysfunction attributable to compression. We present a 30-year-old man who suffered from l-centimeter traumatic knife wound on dorsoulnar aspect of proximal of the left forearm. He has complained of paresthesia and motor disturbances in the distribution of the median nerve that was began a few days after injury. An exploratory surgical procedure revealed a voluminous 8 x 10 x 8-centimeter pseudo aneurysm from partial longitudinal laceration of the ulnar artery that injecting the epineuria sheath of median nerve and compressing its fascicles. Excision of pseudo aneurysm and decompression of median nerve was performed and the ulnar artery was ligated. The postoperative evolution was very satisfactory with almost full clinical and electrophysiological recovery 3 months later. Careful surgical exploration of every wound suspected of arterial injury after penetrating trauma is essential. Failure to recognize and correct the arterial injury may result in delayed nerve damage by the expansion of a false aneurysm.