Iranian Journal of Medical Education
Year:2002 | Volume:2 | Issue:2 (6)|Papers Count:16

Introduction. Need assessment process acts as a foundation for defining goals and making a proper ground for organizing other important elements by identifying crucial needs and focusing on priorities. The present study was carried out to define the educational needs of education experts in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in three fields of technical, perceptual and humane skills. Methods. In this descriptive survey 47 education experts from education office and different schools in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were studied. The data were collected by a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by Content Validity and its reliability by Alpha-Cronbach. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using frequency distribution, mean, ANOVA, t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results. The findings showed that the educational needs of education experts of Isfahan University of Medical sciences in the fields of technical, perceptual and humane skills were over the average level. Their most educational needs were in the fields of technical, humane and perceptual skills, respectively. There was no significant relationship between the course of study, work experience and organizational position, and their educational needs. There was an invert relationship between their age and their education. Conclusion. Education experts need education in all three fields of technical, perceptual and humane skills, among which technical field is needed more. It is recommended to consider these needs and provide the necessary education in order to promote the education experts knowledge and skills.

Introduction. Due to the special conditions of adolescence period, it is necessary to pay more attention to adolescents and their educational needs. This research was designed to determine adolescents' educational needs in regard to sexual and physical changes, physical health, emotional changes and mental health and also its relationship with demographic characteristics. Methods. This descriptive survey study was performed on 396 boy students aged between 13-19 in schools of Isfahan. They were selected by stratified and cluster random sampling methods. The data collecting tool was a questionnaire whose first section was for demographic characteristics and the next section investigated adolescents' educational needs. Data analysis was done by SPSS software and using ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results. The participants' educational needs in the areas of sexual and physical changes (59.8%), physical heath (62.9%), emotional changes (59.6%) and mental health (58.3%) were in high and very high level. There was an adverse relationship between the participant's age and their educational needs in all areas except the area of physical health. Conclusion. The results of this study revealed the importance of proper education in this period. Therefore, providing education concerning adolescence is necessary for boys aged between 13-19.

Introduction. Critical thinking skills are necessary for different disciplines of medical sciences. Theses kills must be considered in clinical education curriculum. Therefore, this study was planned with the purpose to measure and compare critical thinking in freshman and senior B.S. students in Isfahan Medical University in 2002. Methods. This research was a descriptive cross- sectional study. The research samples consisted of 200 freshman and senior B.S. students from four Schools including: Health (30), Nursing and Midwifery (98), Management & Informatics (45) and Rehabilitation sciences (27). These were selected by stratified simple sampling method. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: demographic characteristics and Cornell Critical Thinking Test which was completed by the participants. The data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and by SPSS software. Results. The mean score of critical thinking for freshman and senior B.S. students was 19.9 and 21.6, respectively. T -test showed a significant difference between critical thinking scores of freshman and senior students. There was a significant relationship between the mean score of critical thinking and the accuracy in responding in senior students. A significant relationship was also found between the mean score of critical thinking and students' families place of residency in freshman students. Conclusion. The findings showed a low mean score of critical thinking for freshman and senior students in four schools. Therefore, it is recommended that learning and education processes should be reinforced. Also based on the research findings, it seems that medical education at the university, regardless of some difficulties has been successful in increasing critical thinking among students.

Introduction. Clinical Education is the essential part of nursing education. Because the nursing teachers' clinical role is not clearly defined, this study was designed to understand the clinical role and its process in nursing teachers.Methods. This was a qualitative research (Grounded Theory) in which 15 nursing teachers of five nursing schools participated based on theoretical sampling. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview. The data constant comparison was used for analysis.Results. Categories including role clarity, professional identity, professional autonomy and fitting in were proposed as the means of describing how the respondents approached their clinical role.Conclusion. Due to perceived role ambiguity and professional dependence, the nursing teachers have problems in achieving their role of mastery. They try to avoid these problems by making a new professional identity and fitting in strategies. Unfortunately, these strategies banish them from educational real goals.

Introduction. The faculty members' participation in the decisions made by administrators lies on a continuum with two extremes of thorough participation to no participation. A .study on the process of these decision makings can illuminate the present situation in order to improve the participation status. The purpose of this study was to determine the mean of faculty members participation rate in the decisions made by administrators of the schools of Isfahan Medical University. Methods. This descriptive cross- sectional research was carried out using a questionnaire as a data collecting tool. 152 faculty members and 43 administrators of the schools of medicine, nursing, pharmacy, health, management and rehabilitation formed the participants in this study. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using t-test and ANOVA. The mean of the participation rate was calculated using seven scales which ranged from completely personal to completely participatory. Results. The style of decision making in different schools was personal- participatory. None of the schools obtained the mean score of five which indicated the optimum participation rate. The faculty members' believed in decision making as a participatory process more than the administrators but the difference was not significant. Conclusion. Decision making in the form of participation is an important issue which can lead to creativity enhancement, development, efficacy and usefulness as well as job satisfaction and motivation. Expansion of participation in educational system of medical universities is recommended.

Introduction. Each year millions of workers throughout the world involve in occupational accidents resulting in their disability or death. The nurses, whose main task is promoting the health of the society, play an important role in preventing these kinds of accidents. Nurses are needed in industrial environment as a member of health team to prevent occupational accidents. Since most of these accidents are preventable by well education, supervision, counseling, change of facilities, firmer occupational regulations in occupational circumstances, encouragement and punishment and hiring expert employees, this study was designed to investigate the role of nurses education in preventing occupational accidents in industrial environment. Methods. This was a pre-experimental study with a one group, two stage design. 150 workers from Shahid Modares textile factory in Kashmar were selected as the sample of this study. The data were collected by special accident forms. The researchers investigated the effect of education by using interventional methods and educating the workers, and by collecting the data before and after the intervention. Then the results were statistically analyzed.Results. The findings showed a decrease in occupational accidents rate after the intervention from 206.6 per thousand to 93.3 per thousand in a period of six months which was statistically significant. Conclusion. The interventional role of community health nurses in industry was effective in decreasing occupational accidents in the textile factory. It is recommended to consider this role in educational programs of nurses and employ nursing graduates in industrial environment in order to improve the present condition and promote the health of the society.

Introduction. Clinical decision making is one of the skilful decision makings which is made considering patients situation. Quality evaluation and clinical decision making education are two important elements in improving health personnel's decision-making process. PMP (Patient Management Problem) is one of the clinical decision making methods in which some clinical conditions are taken from a disease and are put forward in the form of a multi- stage question. This study tried to use the computerized P MP to evaluate midwifery students' clinical decision making. Methods. In a cross- sectional census research, 40 senior midwifery students from Tehran, Iran and Shahid Beheshti Medical Universities were studied. A computerized P MP questionnaire, including 9 assumed clients referring for preconception care was designed as a software program and was given to the participants to fill in. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple regressions using SPSS software. Results. The mean score earned by the participants was 35.62±7.01 out of 100. Most of the subjects had an average clinical decision-making score. The acquired mean score of the subjects in risk assessment was 40.17±9.14, in education and counseling was 31.87±10.23 and in intervention was 31.42±13.77. Most of the subjects had average clinical decision making score in these three fields. Conclusion. Since clinical decision making as a major element in enhancement of health team services can be evaluated and taught by P MP and as most of the studied subjects regarding preconception care were not in an appropriate level, more precise education in this field seems necessary.

Introduction. Different factors affect lactating mothers' desires for choosing a contraceptive method in postpartum period. For example, the role of family planning education is worth to mention. The aim of this research was to determine the relationship between family planning education during pregnancy and at postnatal ward; and lactating mothers desires for choosing a contraceptive method. Methods. In this cross-sectional research, 383 lactating mothers who were referred to Isfahan health centers for family planning services for the first time after delivery were studied. The convenience sampling method was used and the data were collected by a questionnaire through an interview. Descriptive statistical methods, Chi2 and Fisher exact test were used in order to analyze the data by SPSS and EPI softwares. Results. The most common desired contraceptive method in lactating mothers was coitus interrupt (27.4%). Also, it was identified that a few women received family planning education in antenatal period (11%) and in postnatal ward (3.1%). No significant relationship was observed between family planning education during pregnancy and at postpartum ward, and the desired contraceptive method. Conclusion. It seems that due to the crowdedness of health centers and postnatal wards, family planning education hasn't been or isn't offered effectively. So, it had no effect on mothers' desires on choosing postpartum contraceptive method. In order to solve the problems in this field, the number of employed staff in health centers and postnatal wards should be increased and a suitable place should be prepared for family planning consultation.