Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2004 | Volume:8 | Issue:3|Papers Count:12

Introduction: Hypertension crisis is one of the most common reasons of the patients reference to emergency units, Many intravenous and oral drugs are available for controlling hypertension crisis. Intravenous nitrates are one of these drugs but there are few studies regarding the effect of oral nitrates on hypertension crisis. This study compares the effect of oral captopril and sublingual isosorbide dinitrate in controlling urgent hypertension crisis.Methods: In this double blind clinical trial 100 patients with urgent hypertension crisis (BP> 180/110) without end organ damage took part. Fifty patients received 10 mg of sublingual isosorbide dinitrate and fifty others received 50 mg of captopril. The blood pressure of the patients was measured every ten minutes up to 90 and 60 minutes in captopril and isosorbide group respectively. The data were analyzed using T test and ANOVA.Results: The patients were between 24-75 years old. In captopril group blood pressure decreased from 194± 9 mmHg/115± 2 mmHg to 152± 7/86± 2 and in isosrbide group from 198± 10 mmHg/112± 4 mmHg to 155± 8 mmHg/81± 3 mmHg. There was a 20.9% decrease in blood pressure in captopril group and a 21.63 % decrease in isosrbide group. T test and ANOVA showed no significant difference between the two groups in reducing blood pressure. Conclusion: This study indicated that 10 mg sublingual dinitrate is at least as effective as 50 mg captopril in controlling urgent hypertension crisis.

Introduction: Myasthenia gravis is a disease of neuromuscular junction. Familial cases have been reported. Relation between myasthenia gravis and HLA antigens has been seen in many studies from different parts of the world. The aim of this study is determination of association between HLA class I haplotypes and myasthenia gravis in Kerman province. Methods: In this cross sectional study 44 myasthenic patients and 100 healthy control subjects were studied. Microlymphocytotoxicity method was used for HLA typing. Statistical analysis was done using X2 and Fisher exact tests.Results: Prevalence of HLA-A9, A26, A11 in myasthenic patients were significantly lower than healthy control group. Where as, frequency of HLA-B8 in patients group was significantly higher than healthy control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in other HLA class I haplotypes.Conclusion: Myasthenia gravis is associated with some types of HLA haplotypes. This association can be variable in different parts of the world and in various races. In Kerman the results of this study indicate that the disease is positively associated with HLA B8 and negatively associated with HLA-A9, All and A26.

Introduction: Patent ducfus arteriosus (PDA) is the persistence of a normal fetal structure between left pulmonary artery and descending aorta. Persistence of this fetal structure beyond 10 days of life is considered abnormal. In this study we compared M-Mode and Doppler echocardiography in diagnosis of PDA in children at Aliasghar Hospital in Zahedan and Children hospital in Bandar Abbas for one year. methods: We selected 62 patients that were suspicious to have PDA on physical examination. It should be mentioned that we omitted patients with other cgngenital cardiac abnormalities such as truncus arteriosus, ASD, VSD and AZSD. Our patients were below 15years old. Before echocardiography, physical examination, CXR and ECG were done for the patients. Then, they were evluated with both M-Mode and Doppler Echocardiography and finally results were statistically analyzed.Results: Out of 62 patients, 34 were female and 28 were male. 51.6% patients were less than one year old and others were older. 85% of patients had cardiac murmur on physical examination and in 50% of them pulmonary component of second heart sound was increased. Peripheral pounding pulses were present in 85% of patients. In chest X-Ray, 82.3% of patients had increased cardiothoracic ratio and pulmonary vascular markings were increased in 85.5% of them. On ECG, 58.1 % of patients had signs of right and left or bilateral ventricular hypertrophy. Pulmonary hypertension was also seen in 51.6% of patients. PDA was diagnosed with M-Mode echocardiography in 56 patients (90.3 %) and with Doppler echocardiography in 61 patients (98.4%). According to McNemar statistical analysis, there was not an obvious difference between these two. methods of echocardiography in PDA diagnosis (p=0.125).Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that M-Mode and Doppler echocardiography for diagnosis of PDA in children are similar and again attention to M-Mode echocardiography can be helpful in diagnosis of PDA in children especially restless infants and neonates.

Introduction: Hepatitis are the most prevalent liver diseases. After tuberculosis and malaria, hepatitis is the most prevalent contagious disease in the world. Nearly 350 millions people in the world are chronic carriers of hepatitis B and 3% of our people in Iran are carriers of this virus (approximately 2, 500.000).Hepatitis B is the primary factor of chronic hepatitis, liver deficiency and liver cancer in Iran. The prevalence rate of hepatitis B in barbers compared with other groups is higher and the first general action towards preventing hepatitis B is health education to general population and especially to the groups at risk. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of education on knowledge, attitude and preventive behaviors of barbers in Babol.Methods: We conducted an interventional study with quasi experiment in which 80 individuals of barbers in Babol were chosen by using random systematic method. The tool for gathering information was: a questionnaire filled out with interview and observation. The questionnaire has four parts: The first part deals with the individual characteristics, the second part deals with the questions based on knowledge and the third part deals with the questions based on attitude and the fourth deals with the preventive actions of hepatitis disease.The interview and observation were done in two stages before and after the health education program.Results: The finding showed that the rate of good knowledge before the education was 32.5 % and it increased up to 93.8 % after the education and the positive attitude (81% to 100%) and suitable health behaviors after the education showed an increase rate from 7.5% to 18.8%. As a whole, there was a significant (p<0.001) between the average of knowledge, attitude and health behaviors, before and after the education.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that education has an effective role on the promotion of knowledge, attitude and health behaviors of barbers regarding bepatitis B. Therefore it is advised that we should consider to have re-educational program and continuing education programs for barbers by our health workers in case of contagious disease especially hepatitis B.

Introduction: Many people from different parts of the country become ill yearly. The process that patients follow to each medical service, confines the type of referral. This study is a review in referral method and efficacy of that in Fars province of Iran. Methods: This study was performed cross-sectional on 4101 hospitalized patients in medical university hospitals in 2000. The information was collected from the patients monthly by face to face interview method and filling forms about:hospital, referral type, diagnosis, age, sex and residence. Statistical comparisons were made using Chi-Square and Z tests.Results: 60% of patients were male and 40% were female. In sparing the number of patients was more than other seasons, surgery wards have more patients compared with others. 48% of patients were admitted in Nemazi hospital. 48% of patients were referral from other provinces. and cities other than Shiraz and urban areas. 44% of patients referred by themselves. Trauma and poisoning were the dominant diagnosis among patients.Conclusion: A high percentage of hospitalized patients were out of referral system. Increasing their information in this field and having referral form can reduce the number of patients that are admitted in Shiraz hospitals. Trauma center and emergency rooms need more attention because trauma was the dominant diagnosis among patients.

Introduction: About 2.400.000 human cases in 61 countries and 180000000 people at Fascioliasis infection risk, show the importance of human aspects of Fascioliasis around the world. In the north of our country (Iran) huge outbreaks of Fascioliasis have been seen and up to 10000 people have been infected with Fascioliasis in one of these outbreaks. So this study tries to show better criteria about the seasonal fluctuations of infection in the north of Iran. This descriptive study is based on comparison between intermediate host population peak and peak of human cases outbreak. Methods: In this descriptive study population of snails were checked monthly in 6 selected colonies in different climatic areas for a year. In this study we calculated average of snails in a 20x20 cm scoop each month.Study of human cases of Fascioliasis was performed for better understanding of its epidemiological aspects, so all files for Fascioliasis in Mazandaran province Health center were checked out.Results: Three species of Lymnaeid snails were found in Mazandaran provine: Lymnea palustris, Lymnea truncatula and Lymnea auricularia (gedrosiana). The Lymnea truncatula the main intermediate host for human and animal Fasciola hepatica and L. gedrosiana act as intermediate host for human and animal Fasciola hepatica and L. gedrosiana act as intermediate snail host of F. gigantica. With respect to Lymnaeid snails population dynamics, we noted that the maximum of L. truncatula snail host of F. hepatica may be seen from August to January and for Lymnea auricularia (gedrosiana) the peak is in summer.The results from Mazandaran province health center show that totally 107 human infections have been reported in the last 4 years and most cases have referred to the health center in early winter.Conclusion: By considering the peak of snail population in mid and late summer and peak of human cases in late winter it is probable that transmission occurs in early autumn.

Introduction: The main aim of this study was quality and quality analysis of electronic and chemical industrial wastewater in the mega city of Tehran. This research was conducted in two phases, first: water consumption and second: quantity and quality analysis of wastewater in such industries. Methods: Right now there are 59 chemical and electronic industries with over 50 personnel in Tehran. 18 factories among these industries were randomly selected. For wastewater quantity analysis, the rate of water consumption and waste water generation were considered. For waste water quality analysis, Biomedical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Suspended Solids (SS) were considered in these industries. Results: The results show that among these industries, plastic factories with 40.3% of total water consumption and 31.6% of total wastewater production is the most water consuming and wastewater generating factories in the industrial section. On the, other hand, electronic industries with 3% of total water consumption and 3.4% of total wastewater generating have the lowest from the pollution point of view, detergent producing industries with 44% of total BOD5 and 41% of total SS have the highest portion in the total pollution load by industry. On the other hand, electronic industries with 0.5 % of total BOD5 and battery producing industries with 1% of total SS have the lowest degree among the industries. Conclusion: The final conclusion shows that chemical and electronic industries discharge a high load of pollution to the environment which can have a great reuse potential. Since these industries are very close to the agricultural loads, the condition for such reuse exists.

Introduction: Treatment of gingival recession and root coverage of denuded roots is one of the main goals of periodontal treatment.The purpose of this study is evaluation of two root conditioning techniques: EDTA (PH =7,24 %) and citric acid (PH=1) in free gingival graft procedure.Methods: In this clinical trial study, 16 patients with 24 class I, II gingival recession (Miller classification) on the buccal aspect of anterior teeth were selected. Hygienic phase of periodontal treatment carried out for all patients. and then patients divided into two groups: 12 teeth on the test group; FGG and EDTA conditioning, and 12 teeth on the control group; FGG and citric acid conditioning.Clinical examination and measurements consisting of oral hygiene, recession depth (RD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) before, 6 weeks, and 3 minutes after surgery. The results were analyzed by using Mann Whitney test and significant level of p<0.05 Results: Both test and control group shows significant reduction in RD three months after operation in comparison with pre-surgical state. The result shows that test and control groups didnt have significant differences in percent of root coverage, PD, CAL. KW, RW, and RD 3 months after surgery.Conclusion: Using EDTA causes significantly higher amount of keratinized width compared to citric acid conditioning.

Introduction: The decisions pertaining to the quality and quantity of medical records units are made by the university officials and are therefore immensely of the essence. Obviously having a thorough knowledge of and familiarity with such units on the part of university officials is of paramount importance. This study aims to investigate the role of the vice chancellor departments of education and research as well as treatment at medical universities in the performance of medical records units of the hospitals affiliated. Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study the main variables were, use, role and attitude and the population comprised managers and experts of the Shahid Beheshti medical university headquarters, as a sample of medical universities, out of which 43 were selected. Descriptive methods were used to present the results.Results: The findings denote a significant difference in terms of the role of managers and experts in the performance of medical records units. (p=0.003 and p=0.009 for research and education and treatment vice-chancellor departments respectively)Conclusion: The results indicate that the roles of research and education and treatment vice chancellor departments in the performance of medical records units of affiliated hospitals are not the same and the former has a more significant role. Furthermore, the majority of shortcomings as seen by the participants of the research were attributed to lack of research, technology proper supervision and coordination among the medical records units.

Introduction: An ongoing and frequently vexing problem in endodontics is the development of pain and swelling (flare-up) during or after endodontic therapy. Despite significant progress in the field of endodontics, the causes of flare-up are not well defined and are a subject of controversy. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of endodontic flare-up. The incidence of flare-up was also examined in relation to patient factors and the quality of treatment performed.Methods: In this cross-sectional study information from the charts of 518 patients who received root canal therapy by undergraduate students in dentistry faculty of Tehran medical science university in years 2003-2004 was recorded and analyzed. All of patients were included in this study with no precondition. No intracanal medicaments were placed interappointment. The chi-square analysis was used to compare the variables and significant level was considered as p<0.05. Results: The results demonstrated 102 (25.3%) of the 403 patients had a flare-up characterized by swelling or moderate-to-severe pain that begun after the finishing of endodontic treatment. Also 43 (10.2%) of the 518 patients had an interappointment flare-up characterized by swelling or moderate-to-severe pain. during the interappointment time interval of Endodontic treatment. We concluded that some factors, such as sex of patients, tooth type, presence of preoperative pain, perforation, and number of appointments had significant effects on the incidence of endodontic flare-up.Conclusion: Because of the great incidence of endodontic flare-up, it is necessary to accentuate it in theoretical endodontic lessons.

Introduction: Intestinal bypass as a method for reducing weight in morbid obesity has known side effects (short and long term), including arthritis that seem to be due to bacterial overgrowth in blind loop of intestine or colonization of bacteria. Although arthritis is common in blind loop syndrome, it has never been reported in massive intestinal resection and jejune-terminalileostomy patients with blind loop. Case report: Our case is a 21 year old female that referred to us for evaluation of arthritis. This complaint started 4 years age after multiple abdominal surgery and intestinal resection that had been done due to appendicitis, adhesive band and strangulation. Conclusion: Clinical and para-clinical ,evaluation for this complaint had been done during the past 6-7 years. All other etiologic factors were evaluated arid ruled out. Her sign and symptom was unresponsive to prednisolon (10-15mg) and aspirin (1500-2000mg). At the last hospital admission prednisolon and aspirin were discontinued and sulfasalazine (1500 mg) started. After 10 days her arthritis sign and symptom resolved.