Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2009 | Volume:13 | Issue:2|Papers Count:14

Introduction: Common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) correlates with cardiovascular mortality in patients under hemodialysis. In this investigation, we evaluated relationship between CCA IMT with dependent and independent cardiovascular risk factors in chronic hemodialysis patients.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 51 chronic hemodialysis patients, (31 males and 20 females) were enrolled. left and right CCA-IMT were measured using high resolution B-mode ultra sonography and maximum measure was considered. Based on ultra sonographic findings, patients were divided into two groups, one with carotid intima thickness of ³0.8 mm and another group with carotid intima thickness of <0.8mm. Data was analyzed, using Minitab software.Results: Mean age of these with carotid intima thickness ³0.8mm was significantly higher than these with carotid intima thickness <0.80mm (P<0.05), (60.7±8.4 vs 41.3±18.7). Although, there were differences in hemodialysis duration, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood cholesterol and triglyceride LDL, diabetes and smoking history of these two groups, but the differences were not significant.Conclusion: This study indicates that there is no significant correlation between CCA-IMT and cardiovascular risk factors in chronic hemodialysis patients.

Introduction: Transmission of blood borne infections is common among the multitransfusionpatients such as Thalassemia, Hemophilia and Hemodialysispatients. Human T-Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV) is one of the Retroviruses which are transmittedby blood and its products. In Iran, HTLV is endemic only in Khorasan province. In order to assess the possibility of the virus transmissionand its clinical impacts, in this study, we consider the seroepidemiologicalpatterns of HTLV infections in a group pf thalassemia, Hemophilia and hemodialysis patients from Hormozgan. Methods: In this seroepidemiologicalstudy, 210 patients, including163thalassemias, 40 hemodialysispatientsand 7 hemophilia (98 female, 112male) with the age range of 9 to 79 years were analyzed.Their plasma was tested for detectionof antibodyagainst HTLV by ELISAmethodand was confirmedby Westernblot and PCR methods. Results: Anti-bodies against HTLV type 1 were detected in 3.06% of patients which was higher than its prevalence in healthy individuals. All positive cases were thalassemia patients. No positive case was among hemodialysis or hemophilia patients. HTLV type 2 was not found in this study. Conclusion: This study shows that multi-transfusionpatients were infectedprobably via blood transfusionor hemodialysisand there is possibilitythat HTLV virus is not restricted to Khorasan Province.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori organisms colonize approximately in half of the world's humans but only a minoritydevelopsa clinicallysignificantoutcome, such as gastritis, peptic ulcer disease or gastric cancer. It seems that bacterial virulence factors and host's factors are involvedin developingadverse clinicaloutcomes. Methods: In this case-controlstudy, associationof virulence genes CagA, VacA and UreAB of H.pylori with the developmentof different gastric disorders, polymerase chain reaction was evaluatedon H. pylori organisms isolatedfrom biopsy samples of stomach of 35 patients with ulcerative disease as cases, and 35 patients with no ulcerative disease as control group. The results were analyzed using Fisher exact test by SPSS Software. Results: The difference between the groups was statistically significant (P< 0.05) only for VacA gene. According to the prevalence of the three genes under the study, we detected 8 genotypes.The prevalenceof phenotype CagA+ VacB+ UreAB+ was significantly higher in the patients with UO than that in the patients with NUO (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that subjects being infected by a H. pylori strain with the genotype Cag+ VacA+ UreAB+are likely associatedwith an increased risk of acquiringan ulcerative disease.

Introduction: Total parental nutrition is essential in premature newborns who are unable to have oral feeding. Intra venous Lipid (Intra lipid) is used to preparing essential fatty acids and a compact source of energy. We aimed in this study to investigate the effect of skin intra lipid.Methods: Premature newborns, who were through admitted in NICU unable to feed orally, were investigated in a clinical trial study. The patients divided into two groups randomly. The level of TG and cholesterol were measured with End point enzymatic method in first, third and seventh day after onset of the study. Both groups were evaluated in terms of clinical complication of essential fatty-acids deficiency. The data were analyzed by SPSS software, using descriptive statistics and t-test.Results: Mean of TG in both groups had no significant difference in the first day, but showed significant difference in the third and seventh day after use of oil (P<0.001). Mean of serum cholesterol did not show significant difference in both groups.Conclusion: Application of sun-flower oil on the skin of premature newborns could not only correct the serum TG level in low TG-level patients but also normalize TG level in newborns with parental nutrition as well as preventing complications of essential fatty acid deficiency.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to compare the antimicrobial effects of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCI), 2% chlorhexidine Gloconate (CHX) and Biopure MTAD (MATD) on Enterococcus (E) faecalis that contaminated root canals of extracted teeth.Methods: 70 intact extracted single-rooted teeth with straight root-canal randomly were divided into 5 groups as positive control, negative control, 2.5% NaOCI, CHX and MTAD groups. Each tooth was instrumented using the passive step-back technique hand and rotary instruments. Entrococcus faecal was incubated into the canals and grew for 4 weeks. Canals were irrigated using three mentioned solutions for 5 minutes. Samples were taken from canal walls and transferred into Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) culture medium and placed in an incubator qt 37oC for 96 hours and then bacteriological evaluations were done. Kruscall-Wallis test was used by means of SPSS software, for the statistical analysis.Results: Bacterial growth was observed in only one sample of MTAD group (5%), in 4 of CHX group (20%) and 5 of NaOCI group (25%). Statistical differences among the groups were not significant.Conclusion: It seems that all three solutions have acceptable antimicrobial effect on Entrococcus faecal.

Introduction: Many studies have shown an association between respiratory distress, allergic reactions and the presence of bacteria and fungi in air. We aimed to compare the air micro flora of Qeshm Island with those of other provinces.Methods: This experimental study was consisted of grown colonies on PDA, SC media for fungi and BHI, TSA media for bacteria. Samples were taken by Air Trapping and sedimentation from respiratory plane level. The colonies were grown in nutrient media. After incubation, they were examined through microscopic as well as macroscopic, and then were counted. Isolated Bacteria were identified by biochemical tests. The molds were identified by slide culture and teased mount.Results: Of 913 bacterial colonies that were isolated, 559 colonies were gram positive bacillus, the highest in number. 254 colonies were gram positive cocci, the second class of isolated bacteria. Bacillus sp. 359 (39.33%) were the most numerous genus of bacteria in the air of Qeshm Island.Conclusion: Resistance of gram positive bacteria to dry environmental condition and the sporogenesis of bacillus enabling survival at harsh conditions were the main reasons of high rate of bacillus isolated.

Introduction: Care of suicidal attempted patient is a challenging task for all health care providers. Coping mechanisms reduce suicide probability by decreasing severity of stressors. Therefore, we aimed at investigating the coping mechanisms used by suicidal attempted patients referred to hospital.Methods: In this case-control study, cases (n= 50) were selected conveniently among patients referred to Sahid Faghihi hospital, and control group selected with same demographics as for cases. Both the groups were compared with respect to coping mechanisms. Data were analyzed using t-test by means of SPSS software.Results: Results showed that there were significant differences between case and control group in problem focused coping and emotion focused coping strategy (P<0.001). The controls had higher mean score in problem focused coping and the emotion focused coping. A significant difference between case and control groups in ineffective coping strategy was found. Ineffective coping strategy was used more frequently among cases.Conclusion: Our study suggest that health care providers should try to enhance the skills in problem focused coping among suicidal attempt patients as well as emotion focused coping while helping them to replace ineffective coping strategy with effective coping strategy.

Introduction: Premature infantsare at risk of developinghearing loss, blindnessand mental retardation. This study was carried to investigate the role of predischarge mothers' education on follow up examination of visual, hearing and brain problems in preterm infants. Methods: In a quasi-experimentalstudy, 55 mothers of premature infants were selected by random sampling method and assigned randomly into experimental and interventionalgroups. A questionnaireconsisting of demographic characteristicsand mother's knowledgeaboutpremature infantswas completed.Educationalprogram was performed in interventionalgroup. The study subjects were followedfor three months after discharge where cases of indications and referrals were recorded. Statistical analysiswas carried outby SPSS software using Chi-Squareand Fisher exact tests. Results: Results shows that, in blindness examination, 91.6% of indications in experimentalgroup were follow up, which this rate in control group was 81.8%. In heading examination, follow up rate in experimental and control group were 50% and 3.4%, respectively. In brain sonography, follow up in examination group was 100% but the in control group was 33.3%of indications (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings showed that the importance of predischarge mothers’ education on the survival of performs infants can not be over looked.

Introduction: There is a significant relationship between childhood and adult obesity. It is well known that physical behaviors and environmental stimuli are essential determinants on the childhood obesity; we thus aimed to investigate the role of training on controlling those determinates on obesity of female students.Methods: The research is a quasi-experimental included 97 healthy school age girls with BMI>85% in Shahriar city. They were randomly divided into 2 groups: 50 children as controls and 47 in experimental group. BMI measurements were done on the children at the end of months. Parents completed questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.Results: There was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups with respect to the students BMI (P<0.001). No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to activity behavior in childhood. Significant difference was found between the two groups over the stimulated exposure (P<0.01).Conclusion: Our findings support that stimulated exposure and acceleration of activity behavior could be used as effective strategy in treatment of obese children.

Introduction: Myocardial bridging is a congenital condition in which a segment of a major epicardial coronary artery has an intra myocardial route. Myocardial bridging is usually confined to a single vessel and is typically the mid segment of the left anterior descending artery. Bridging may be associated with chest pain, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death, or usually asymptomatic.Case Report: A 59 year-old women with diabetes mellitus and hypertension presented with dyspnea and chest pain on exercise. Physical exam, electrocardiography and echocardiography were intact. In angiography, we found severe stenosis of left main coronary artery and severe stenosis of three coronary artery (Three Vessel Disease) as well as multiple myocardial bridges at the end of right coronary artery.Conclusion: Myocardial bridging is a rave condition, however, it be considered in patients facing recurrent chest pain, it has severe complication such as sudden cardiac death.