Journal of Arak University Medical Sciences
Year:2001 | Volume:4 | Issue:3 (16)|Papers Count:10

Introduction: Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) is a worldwide health problem. Many parts of the Islamic Republic of Iran had been known as areas of endemic goiter. IDD was accepted as a priority health problem in the country, and a National IDD Council was formed in 1989.Material and Method: One of the main strategies of National Council for IDD control was to provide at least 150 µg of iodine per day to the entire population through making available iodized salt. This study was performed to evaluate the National IDD council program in 1996, in rural and urban areas of Markazi province. 1300 school children, aged 8 to 10 years, including 50% boys, were selected through random sampling. Grading of goiter was performed according to WHO, classification, Sersum, T3 T4 and TSH were measured by RIA and uninary iodine by digestion method.Results: The mean of serum T3 T4 and TSH were: 10±2.0 µg/dL, 160±28 ng/dL and .3±1.3 µlu/ml respectively. There were no differences between males and females and school children of rural or urban areas. Four person had serum T4 more than 12.5 µg/dl. The mean urinary iodine was 16 µg/dL in entire population, 75% had urinary iodine more than 10 µg/dL. Only 11% had urinary iodine less than 5 µg/dL. Total prevalence of goiter was 35% (36% in girls and 34% in boys).Conclusion: Based on the available data, seven years after distribution of iodized salt, uninary iodine of school children of Markazi province does not show iodine deficiency. However goiter is still endemic in Markazi province.

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea with prevalence of 90% is the one of the most gynecologic problems and it is one of the important ethiology of decrease of quality of live in women. The treatment is varity [ocp, NSAlDS (common treatment)]. The use of acupuncture, Tens, Laparascopic surgery, vitamin-B1 acid-3 omega, transdermal N.G, (nitroglycerin) in the studies were evaluated but the number of cases and the period of follow up is limited. In the study in India with Gokhale and et.al in 1996, the curative Rate of treatment with Vitamin-B1, was proved. In this study we evaluated the treatment effect of Vitamin-B1, and follow up the patients 3 months later and 6 months after the onset of treatment.Material and Method: In this study 2 years between 1999-2001 a randomized double blind placebo controlled study, one group (118=n) received Vitamin-B1 (100 mg) and other group (124=n) received placebo daily in the onset of three month treatment and end of treatment and 6 months later of onset of treatment the patient is calculated with visual analgesic scale and cox-menstrual scale.Results: The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea in the population of this study was 51/9% mean age of menarche 13/3 year. The rate of NSAID using 3/1% 85/5% of patients bad irregular menses. The prevalence of premenstrual sign, and the signs correlated with dysmenorrhea were evaluated between two groups of treatment evaluated 3 months after treatment period in the placebo control care rate was 21% and in vitamin-B1 was 86/4% (Chi= 103.59 P value= 0.000)Conclusion: The results in this study were similar with The results of Gokhale in India. This treatment did not have any side effect and this treatment tolerated easily.

Introduction: One of the methods of cancer treatment is use of chemotherapic drugs. Breast cancer is a common disease that chemotherapic drugs have not treated it yet.In this research, cell proliferation inhibition in MCF-7 cells, a human breast carcinoma cell line, after treatment with Cisplatin, an anticancer drug is studied.Material and Method: At first, after cell counting with trypan blue stain, equal cells were added to flasks and flasks were divided into two control and experimental groups.In experimental group, 1 micro mole cisplatin exposured in 1 hour, where control group with normal saline solution. After that, flasks were incubated for 48 hours.After passing this time, attached cells of two control and experimental groups, were stained with trypan blue for cell counting, and with toloiden blue for light microscopy individually. Obtained results were divided into two section, cell counting and light microscopy.In cell counting, obtained results were evaluated with Mann - Withney statistical test.Results: Results showed that number of attached cells in experimental group was reduced. In light microscopy, morphological features of attached MCF-7 cells in two groups were similar.Conclusion: Through that, attached MCF-7 cells are proliferating, so we can say that without altering in morphological features, Cisplatin causes inhibition in cell proliferation of MCF-7 cells.

Introduction: persuading research activities is the major factor for scientific and technological progress in the societies. The role of universities is essential and a properly prepared scientific dissertation is an important factor for this purpose. This study was carried out to evaluate the major writing principles in dissertations of medical students at Arak University of Medical Sciences.Material and Method: 266 dissertations of medical students graduated from 1373 to 1379 from Arak University of Medical Sciences were studied. In each writing, prepared questionnaires were filled out by academic staffs based on Lickert Format. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods.Results: The highest frequency of dissertations were related to graduate students graduated in 1375 (23%). The highest frequency in academic departments was Department of Interanal Medicine (17.7%) and Department of Ophthalmology (1302%). Ladies were more interested in Departments of Dermatology and Gynocology and men were more interested in Departments of Surgery and Internal Medicine. Considering the kind of dissertations, the most frequency was recorded for observational - cross - sectional studies (44%). No translation or review article dissertation was recorded. 52% of dissertations were evaluated as good, 40% of them were fair and 8% were evaluated as unacceptable. Considering the different parts of a dissertation, "The Abstract" (54%) and "The Results" (52%) were evaluated as the best and the discussion (26.7%) was evaluated as the worst.Conclusion: Although the quality of scientific writing of research dissertations of medical students has improved over the past few years, but preparation of a standard and consistent framework by research deputy of Health Ministry looks necessary for scientific dissertations.

Introduction: Amebiasis, Caused by Entamoeba histolytica, is one of the three most common prevalent parasites that causes mortality.Material and method: This clinical trail was carried out among 45 patients suffering from acute enteric amebiasis. Each patient receives 750 mg metronidazol and 630 mg iodoquinol every eight hours for one week. The following results were obtained.Results: All of the Patients were completely treated at the end of two weeks and did not have any sign of the diseases. Also two weeks after cessation of therapy, stool test for Entamoeba histolytica (cyst and trophozoite) was negative in all of patients. Conclusion: It seems by further research, we can decrease doses of medications and duration of treatment in these patients.

Introduction: Gold the valuable metal is chemically considered one of the most less active metals. The anti-inflammatory effects of drugs containing gold (sodium aurothiomalate) came into notice of the scientists in 1930. These compounds were able to suppress the joints and synovial membrane inflammation induced by infectious or chemical agents. Following these treatmental methods their side effects induced this conception to the scientists for the first time to evaluate the amount of gold in the human body just after treatment with gold. This research has analysed the gold amount in biological fluids in males and females bodies of the Tehran citizens with different conception, because none of them have received gold via oral or injective drugs and their contact with gold has been as jewelry or business instrument.Material and method: Analysis of gold in this research has been done by Atomic absorption and 80 Tehranian citizen among patients referring to clinics of different areas of Tehran and if they have been conformed to participate in this research has voluntarily cooperated to give 160 blood and urine specimens during year 1992.Results: It is revealed in this research that the mean amount of gold in non-pregnant women is 232 ng/ml and this amount for non jeweler men is 280 ng/ml which is more than the amount of this for western people, for example this amount is 0.159 ng/100cc in blood for England which is much lesser than this amount for tehranian citizens. For statistical evaluation non parametric statistical method (mann-whitney U-test) is used.Conclusion: long term contact with gold for men not only do not increases the blood gold but also declines it. In women the increase in time and the amount of skin surface contact with gold is synchronize with increase of the blood gold and also is revealed that the pregnancy in women increases the amount of gold in blood.

Introduction: Thiopental is a short acting drug from barbiturates group; that is a favorable standard anesthetic for induction anesthesia because of pharmacologic effects. The goal of this study was to determine the incidence of thrombophlebitis with thiopental 2.5% and 5%.Material and method: Three hundred patients in ASA class I and II that referred to one of the college for elective surgery and was admitted -3 days after operative and was allocated in equal 2 groups (n= 150) randomly. One group received thiopental 2.5% 4 mg/kg and the other group received thiopental 5% 4mg/kg from one of the Veins of dorsum of hand. Results: The incidence of phlebitis in this study was 1.33% (2 case from 150 case) in first group and 2% (3 cases from 150) in second group. In both groups phlebitis was occurred in first 24 hrs post operative period and 2nd days no patient had not phlebitis in infusion site.Conclusion: Thrombosis was not observed in patients in both groups. Incidence of phlephitis with thiopental 5% was greater than thiopental 2.5%.

Introduction: intracompartmental pressure was measured by the wick catheter technique in 32 compartments of 32 post traumatic patients who were clinically suspected of having acute compartment syndromes. A pressure of zero millimeters of mercury was used as an indication for normal compartment enough for being excluded in any subject.Material and Methods: Signs and symptoms were examined in subjects based on clinical definitions before measuring intracompartmental pressures. Pain, paresthesia, tensness, pain in passive extension, pain in active extension, paralysis, pulselessness, capillary filling and pallor of each subject were marked to be used for comparison with the value of intracompartmental pressure.Results: Pain was present in all subjects as the most earliest sign while the skin pallor appeared to be the latest one.The lowest values of pressure were seen together with pain and paresthesia even below the 10 mmHg among the subjects.In our cases when ever the pressure values of the affected compartment increased, the number of present signs and symptoms also increased.Conclusion: Positive regression of the mentioned correlation (r=0.69) implies that the value of intracompartmental pressure could be indicative of the more complications associated with more sign and symptoms.Since different signs and symptoms were present in our subjects even with the same value of pressure, the diagnosis and approaching to compartment syndromes may looks confusing, so measuring intracompartmental pressure by a wick catheter seems to be the cheep, available technique in diagnosis and management of the cases.