Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Year:2016 | Volume:15 | Issue:8|Papers Count:10

Background and Objectives: In response to the community need, it is necessary for nursing staff to use complementary therapies in their professional performance. The related facilitators in various clinical settings are different and the exploration of these factors are essential and important. So, this study was designed to assess clinical nurses' perceptions about the facilitators of using complementary therapies in clinical nursing.Materials and Methods: This qualitative content analysis study was done from June 2014 to July 2015 in Kashan and Isfahan cities. Sampling was done purposively and ended after reaching data saturation. The snowball sampling was used to access the eligible samples. In-depth and Semi-structured interviews were done with sixteen nurses and two physicians who had rich experience. Concurrently with data collection, the data were analyzed via the conventional content analysis approach.Results: In relation to the research objective، the study participants’ perceptions fell into nine main categories of “client collaboration”; “the nurse's technical expertise and legal authority”; “the peers collaboration”; “compatible specialists”; “nursing manager-intelligent stimulator”; “organizing, directing and supervising by nursing manager”; “active strategies”; “passive strategies”, and “partial achievement in problem management” from which, the four main themes of “supportive co-workers”, “the nurse and client Synchronization”, “intelligent nursing manager, and “effectives situational strategies” were abstracted.Conclusion: Client collaboration, nurse's technical expertise and legal authority, using situational strategies in operational problems management, and the support provided by peers،physicians, and nursing managers cause the nurses to use complementary therapies in care plan easierly. The awareness of these findings is useful for authorities and designers to design guidelines related to integration of complementary therapies into nursing practice.

Background and Objective: Lateral epicondylitis of the elbow is the most common contractile lesion of the elbow and causes inflamation and pain at the origin of the wrist extensor muscles. The aim of this study was comparison of the effect of 1% Hydrocortisone Phonophoresis (1% HcP) with Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on treatment of lateral epicondylis of elbow.Materials and Methods: This randomized double blinded clinical trial was performed in Fatemieh physiotherapy clinic of Rafsanjan during 2015-2016. Seventy eight patients conflicted to epicondylitis of elbow were divided randomly into three equal groups. The first, second and third groups received 1% HcP, LLLT, and conventional therapy (CT), respectively. Intensity of local pain, radicular pain, sensitivity to palpation and grip strength were assessed during the first, fifth, and tenth sessions and 10 days after end of the treatment. Pain intensity and grip strenth were evaluated by visual analogue scale and dynamometer, respectively. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test and chi-square test.Results: The findings showed that 10 sessions of LLLT can be more effective than 1% HcP and CT in reduction of pain in lateral epicondylitis of elbow (p<0.001). Also the results of this study showed that LLLT in increasing grip strength can be more effective than CT (p=0.005) but LLLT in comparison with 1% HcP was not significantly different (P>0.05). In the tenth sessions، chi-squire test revealed that LLLT can be more effective than 1% HcP and conventional therapy in reduction of radicular pain and sensitivity to palpation of lateral epicondylitis of elbow (p<0.001).Conclusion: From results of this study it can be concluded that during 10 sessions, LLLT could be more effective than 1% HcP and CT in reduction of local pain, radicular pain، and sensitivity to palpation of lateral epicondylitis of elbow.

Background and Objectives: Emotional needs are the individual components effective in the patient's ability to deal effectively with disease and manage it. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between emotional needs and the level of self-efficacy of cancer patients admitted to omid hospital in Mashhad in 2014.Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study included 360 cancer patients admitted to Omid hospital in Mashhad. Data were collected from February 2014 until June 2014 by Census sampling. The data was gathered using three questionnaires including the demographic information، the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale (CDSES), and emotional needs. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and Data analysis was performed by ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis statistical tests, based on the varible type.Results: The results indicated that the overall score of self -efficacy was 5.56±1.91 out of 10 in patients with cancer which represents the medium level self-efficacy. The highest self-efficacy score belonged to communication with physician domain (6.84±2.71) and disease management domain (6.32 ±2.36), help from family, friends, and community (5.79± 2.18), respectively. There was a significant and reverse correlation between the total score of self-efficacy and the score of emotional needs (r=-0.261; P<0.001). It means that the more increase in emotional needs fulfilment equals the more increase in the patients’ self-efficacy for the disease management.Conclusion: According to the results، the increase in emotional needs of patients reduces the self-efficacy and consequently reduces their quality of life and increases the frequency of hospitalization. Therefore, more exact planning of educational and supportive interventions seems necessary for reducing emotional needs and improving self-efficacy.

Background and Objective: Depression is a mood disorder that is hard to tolerate. The current study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties (reliability and validity) of Reynolds child depression scale (RCDS) in the students of elementary schools of Tehran.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, questionnaires of RCDS and CDI (Child Depression Inventory) were executed on the 370 students from elementary schools of Tehran which were selected randomly by multi-stage sampling. In order to evaluate the internal reliability of RCDS questionnaire, the Cronbach`s alpha method was used. Also in order to evaluate the convergent validity of RCDS, the scores resulted from RCDS and CDI questionnaires were calculated using Pearson's correlation matrix. CDI questionnaire was used to evaluate the validity of RCDS.Results: The coefficient of Cronbach`s alpha was equal to 0.83 using Varimax rotation that highlighted the role of four factors including self-esteem and self-blame، anxiety and physical symptoms، lack of pleasure with low morale،and indifference and feeling of worthlessness. The correlation between RCDS and CDI was recognized as positive and significant (p˂0.001). Also، there was no significant difference (p˂0.001) in the prevalence of depression between boys and girls and as a result a norm percentage table for this test was prepared.Conclusion: Suitable reliability and validity of RCDS for evaluating the depression in children was indicated in the study. Using RCDS for identifying depression in children may lead to identifying the patients and facilitating the disease treatment and will improve the children's health.

Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is characterized as one of the most common endocrine diseases throughout the world. The use of antioxidants is the most preferred way to decrease complications of diabetes mellitus. Several studies showed the antioxidant effects of walnut leaf. Therefore، the aim of the present work was to survey the effects of walnut leaf animal diet on some blood biochemical metabolites in diabetic rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 40 albino male rats (250-300 gram body weight) were divided into five groups of 8. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg). Three groups of Diabetic rats received 1%, 2% and 5% weight concentration of walnut leaf powder in daily diets. The study was performed during 28 days. The blood samples were collected at the beginning and the end of study، and biochemical parameters including HbA1c, FBS, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were assayed. Statistically, the quantitative data obtained, compared among the groups by ANOVA. Statistical significance was considered at p<0.05.Results: The results of the current study showed that consumption of walnut leaf decreased TG, ALT, ALP, and HbA1c levels significantly. The consumption of 5% walnut leaf had the most effects. But it had no significant effect on FBS.Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that walnut leaf has useful effects on HbA1c and ALP levels and 5% of walnut leaf powder showed the most effect.

Research Background and Objective: Dentistry, one of the branches of medicine, has always been of utmost significance to Islamic physicians, who addressed different aspects of dentistry and presented their viewpoints in medical texts. This study intended to investigate the significance of dentistry in Islamic medicine.Research Methods (Methodology): Employing a descriptive-analytical research method as well as drawing on early resources, namely, Firdaws al-Hikma (literally The Paradise of Wisdom), Kitab al-Hawi Fi Tebb (literally Comprehensive Book on Medicine), Al-Qānūn Fi aṭ-Ṭibb (literally The Canon of Medicine), Kamil al-Sina'at al-Tibbiyya, Moalejat Albqratyh, and Zakhireye Khwarazmshahian, the present study sought to examine the history of the development of dentistry in Islamic civilization.Research Findings: The research findings indicated that not only did Islamic physicians use views and experiences of Greek physicians and Gondishapur Medical Center but they also completed and broadened the horizons of dentistry and based it on scientific foundations. The Islamic advances in the field of dentistry included tissue, nerve and bone dissection, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, advices on mouth-tooth hygiene and prevention methods, production of animal, plant and mineral-based drugs, and treatment of disease by tools employed by Islamic physicians for the first time.Conclusion: In Islamic civilization, dentistry was based on scientific methods, making them experience significant advances in disease diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, as Islamic physicians highlighted mouth-tooth hygiene and prevention from disease, prevention and treatment can be regarded as the main characteristics of Islamic dentistry.

Background and Objective: The evaluation of the hospitals performance in order to improve the quality of services provided is of great importance. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of teaching hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS) using Pabon Lasso graph before and after the implementation of the health system transformation plan.Materials and Methods: This project is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted on 14 hospitals in SUMS before and after the execution of health system reform plan during the years 2013-2014. The data were collected by referring to monthly activities and AVAB hospital site (hospital data and statistics) and analyzed by Pabon Lasso diagram and paired t-test.Results: Before the implementation of the health system reform plan in 2013, of the total 14 hospitals, 14% were in zone 1 (poor performance) and 28% hospitals in zone 3 (good performance). In 2014, after the implementation of the health system reform plan, 21% of the hospitals were in zone 1 and 21% in zone 3. According to paired t test, the bed occupancy rate had significant difference before and after the health system reform plan (p=0.006).Conclusion: Performance indicators in educational hospitals of SUMS were not in a good condition as compared to the standards. After health system reform plan, changes in the location of hospitals occurred. Therefore, it seems to be necessary that managers and policy makers improve efficiency and increase resource utilization.

Background and Objective: Phenol is one of organic pollutants in industrial effluent and it is toxic to human and environment, so it must be removed before being discharged to environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was investigating adsorption of phenol from aqueous solutions by sorghum and canola and determination of adsorption isotherms and kinetics.Materials and Methods: This study was performed in the laboratory at batch scale. The canola and sorghum plants were collected and were dried in the oven at 1050C in 24h and were sieved in 18-30 inches mesh. The variation of pH, dose of adsorbent, contact time, and concentration of phenol were investigated. Different models of isotherms and the rate of adsorption reaction were analyzed by comparing the coefficient (R2) of determination.Results: The results indicated that by increasing contact time and dose of adsorbent, adsorption amount will increase for both adsorbents, however the adsorption rate remains constant after 75 and 90 for sorghum and canola, respectively. Also adsorption rate remains constant for adsorbent doses higher than 5 g/L. The results showed that phenol removal was highest at a solution pH=3 and an initial phenol concentrantion of 10 mg/L. In these conditions, removal rate for sorghum and canola biomass was equal to 99.1 and 92.4 percent, respectively. The Langmuir equation model and pseudo- second order kinetics provided the best fit for the experimental data to both adsorbents.conclusion: Overall, the sorghum and canola plants can be used as effective absorbents to treat the aqueous solution containing phenol.