JOURNAL OF BABOL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (JBUMS)
Year:2009 | Volume:11 | Issue:3 (50)|Papers Count:14

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Wound healing, care promotion, appropriate treatment and infection and chronicity prevention have all been occupied the human mind. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Teucrium polium honey on the burn wound healing process in rat.METHODS: The present experimental study accomplished on 28 rats (weight 200-250 g). Animals were divided into two control and Teucrium polium honey groups. In each group, 6 rats used for wound healing assessment and 8 for histopathological test. Burn wound was created by hot metal, 1×1 cm2, on the back. Gentamycin (5 mg/kg ip) was injected in two groups. In case group, Teucrium polium honey (1 g/day) was applied on wounds twice a day until complete healing was obtained. Evaluation was made through measuring the area of the healed region and tensiometery experiments.FINDINGS: The percentage of wound healing on days 12 and 18 in control group of burn wounds changed in the treated group from 30.2% and 61.4% to 39% and 78% (p<0.05), respectively. Stress (maximum tensile force causing skin rupture) changed from 5.3±0.64 Newton in the control group of burn wounds to 6.6±0.65 Newton in treated group with no significant difference. Strain (tissue length under maximum strain) changed from 13.6±1.2 mm in the control burn wound group to 18±2.1 mm (p<0.05) in the treated group. In point of view of histopathology examinations, healing process was better achieved in the treated group with more oriented matrix arrangement and less inflammatory reaction than control group.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that Teucrium polium honey may have accelerated the burn wound healing in rats.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Continuous leakage microwaves from microwave oven may be harmful for users especially for ladies who have highest contact with microwave oven. No study has been done on the microwave effect on fetal health; hence the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of leakage microwave on gestational period, fetal health and weight in mice.METHODS: In this experimental study was performed on 20 female mice (mean age of 60 3 days old and 26 2 gr weight) were randomly divided into two group; control and test. Leakage wave from a commercial brand oven was measured. They become pregnant following determination of stage of estrous cycle by natural mating. During pregnancy, test groups were exposed to microwaves produced by microwave oven, three times a day, 30 minutes each time. At the end general health, litter size, newborn mortality rate, mean body weight of newborn and gestational period was determined.FINDINGS: The results showed that in test group litter size (10.9±0.43 vs. 6.2±0.62), mean body weight (1.1±0.09 vs. 1.7±0.06) decreased significantly (p<0.05). Number of dead fetus was significantly higher in test group (2.16±0.54 vs. 0), whilst gestational period did not altered significantly (p<0.05).CONCLUSION: In conclusion exposure to leakaged waves of microwave (oven) during pregnancy is harmful for fetal development and will increase risk of fetal death and early abortion. So it is recommended that user especially pregnant woman should be careful when they use microwave ovens.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Acute proctitis is a common, disturbing side effect of pelvic irradiation that might interrupt treatment. To decrease or prevention of these side effects many drugs were used but no effective treatment was found. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sucralfate for possible reduction of radiation-induced lower GI toxicities.METHODS: In this clinical trial study 100 patients that required curative pelvic radiation therapy were randomly divided into two groups. Group one received 3g oral sucralfate and group two received placebo as control. All patients were given at least 50 Gy external-beam irradiation. Their bowel symptoms that include diarrhea, abdominal pain or distention, mucous or bloody discharge, obstruction or perforation were scored according to the RTOG/EORTC acute toxicity criteria. Desquamation and duration of treatment interruption were studied in both groups.FINDINGS: From cases, there were 49 cases in group one and 47 cases in group two and 4 cases were excluded from study. The two groups were statistically the same according to sex, age, anatomopathology and radiation therapy parameters. Comparing acute lower GI toxicities, desquamation and duration of treatment interruption, there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. No acute lower GI toxicities were seen in 18 cases from group one and 10 cases from group two. No grade 4 lower GI toxicities were seen in patients.CONCLUSION: In our study, there was no clinical evidence that oral sucralfate ameliorates radiation-induced proctitis. Therefore, sucralfate as a routine prophylactic agent is not suggested in pelvic radiation therapy and further investigations are generally needed to find out the efficacy of sucralfate in radiation-induced GI toxicities.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a frequent disease among women and the complicated one is more resistant to treatment. It has a high recurrence rate. This study was carried out to compare two treatment regimens: intravaginal clotimazole and boric acid for treatment and recurrence rate of complicated vulvovaginitis.METHODS: This clinical trial study was performed on 60 women with clinical and mycological evidence of complicated vaginal candidiasis that referred to Yahyanejad hospital, Babol, Iran. They were randomized to receive daily intravaginal boric acid for 14 days (30 women) or daily intravaginal clotrimazole for 14 days (30 women).They were assessed 1 month and 3 months after treatment and compared together.FINDINGS: Twenty three patients (76.7%) was cured clinically for inflammation and 25 patients (83.3%) for discharge and 18 patients (60%) microscopically in clotrimazole group and 24 patients (80%) was cured clinically for inflammation and discharge and 19 patients (63.3%) microscopically in boric acid group. The rate of microscopically recurrence was 7 patients (38.9%) in clotrimazole group and 5 patients (26.3%) in boric acid group.These differences were not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: The study suggests that boric acid or clotrimazole is effective in treatment and recurrence of complicated vaginal candidasis. It is more cost effective to use boric acid.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Febrile seizure is the most common convulsive disorder in children.Different studies reported controversial results about the association between this disorder and iron deficiency.Based on these results and the relatively high prevalence of febrile seizure this study was organized to assess the relationship between febrile seizure and iron deficiency anemia.METHODS: This case control study was performed on 100 of admitted children because of febrile seizure (case group) and 100 of admitted children because of other reasons (control group) in Boo Ali Sina hospital, Sari, Iran in the year 2007-2008. The groups were matched in age and gender. Lab tests consisted of CBC, serum iron, TIBC, ferritin were done in each patient. Iron deficiency anemia was determined as a decrease in hemoglobin hematocrit more than 2 standard deviations than the normal average for their ages. The results were compared in two groups.FINDINGS: Mean age of patients in case group was 21.9±14.1 years and in control group was 20.1±11.8 years. The amount of serum iron in case group was 73.4±31.8 mg/dl and in control group was 49.8±15.7 mg/dl (p=0.000). The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 42% in cases while it was 60% in controls. This difference was not statistically significant.CONCLUSION: The incidence of febrile seizure was lower in the cases of iron deficiency anemia but the difference was not significant. So further study is suggested.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Treatment intervention due to increasing of maternal and neonatal morbidity is necessary in prolonged pregnancy. Induction of labor is common treatment for reduction of these complications. Because induction of labor may increase cesarean section (C.S) and increasing of cesarean section rate is one of the most important problems of health s services, though the aim of this study was to determine the rate of C.S after labor induction among nuliparous patients with cephalic presentation without medical complications with gestational age of more than 41 weeks in comparison with spontaneous labor.METHODS: This clinical trial study was done as simple sampling on160 women in Yahyanejad hospital of Babol University, Iran. Gestational age of all patients was more than 41 weeks (according to last menstruation period and ultrasonography before the 26th weeks of pregnancy). Patients divided into two groups, induction (case group) and spontaneous labor (control group). All women were singleton, cephalic and nuliparous women. Cases with fetal anomaly, diabetes, twins and multiparity excluded in the study. Ultrasonography was done after 40 weeks for all patients. In case group bishop score were determine for all patients after admission and induction was performed with vaginal suppository of prostaglandin (3mg) and oxytocin in induction group and cesarean was done in patients without progression of labor. No intervention was done in spontaneous labor group.FINDINGS: The mean (±SD) age of women in case and control group was 23.3±4.1 and 23.8±4.4 years, respectively. The mean (±SD) gestational age in case and control were 41.3±0.3 and 41±0.5 weeks, respectively.The most patients in both groups had 5 bishop score (85% in control and 96.3% in case). The mean (±SD) birth weight in case and control were 3.6±0.3 and 3.5±0.4 Kg respectively (p=0.342). The rate of cesarean section after induction in both groups was 48 cases (60%). The commonest etiology of cesarean in control group was meconium 34 case (70.8%) and in case group was no response to induction 19 case (39.6%) (p=0.000). Type of delivery was not significant between case and control groups according to weight and age stratification.CONCLUSION: Result show although induction of labor doesn't increase rate of cesarean in post term patients.But for reduction of cesarean section measure of pH in fetus can be necessary in spontaneous labor.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Acute appendicitis is one of the most important urgent conditions of abdominal surgery, in which, proper and on-time diagnosis may decrease the unwanted complications. In despite of diagnostic methods, a significant number of patients yet end up with negative laparotomies. Sonography can diminish the rate of these negative results. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of sonography in diagnosis of acute appendicitis.METHODS: In a cross sectional study, 500 patients with acute abdomen and primary diagnosis of acute appendicitis were evaluated preoperatively by graded compression sonography. This study was conducted in Tabriz Imam Khomeini hospital during 12 months. Results of sonography were compared with histopathological findings after operation.FINDINGS: A hundred and sixty three males and 237 females with the mean age of 25.1±13.9 years were enrolled.Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of abdominal sonography in diagnosis of acute appendicitis were 96.2, 93.1, 96.8, 91.9 and 95.2 percent, respectively; 97.2, 96.4, 98.3, 94.2 and 97 percent, respectively in males; and 95, 89.5, 95, 89.5 and 93.2 percent, respectively in females. The optimal cut-off point of diameter of appendix was 5.8 mm with corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 88.3% and 73%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Due to noninvasiveness, cost-effectiveness and availableness of sonography, it is proposed as a diagnostic modality. This may cause a dramatic decrease in the costs of operation and treatment of patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In our country the most common cause of exudative pleural effusion is tuberculosis pleural effusion. Diagnosis of tuberculosis pleurisy is difficult because of its nonspecific clinical presentation and insufficient efficiency of traditional diagnostic methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the level of interferon g (INFg) in tuberculosis and non tuberculosis pleural effusion.METHODS: The subjects of this case-control study were consisted of 20 patients with TB pleural effusion and 32 non-TB pleural effusions; the diagnosis of tuberculosis pleurisy can be established by culture of the pleural fluid, needle biopsy of the pleura or thoracoscopy. Demographic characteristics and pleural fluid chemistry and the level of interferon were compared in two groups.FINDINGS: Demographic characteristics, including age, sex, job and nationality were almost the same in both groups. Dyspnea was the most common symptom in both groups. Most of our patients were non smoker and PPD negative. Pleural effusion was yellow in both groups and cholesterol and triglyceride level were not significantly different, low glucose and high protein levels were found in tuberculosis plural fluid. There wasn t any significant difference in lymphocyte and neutrophil count between two groups. INFg was 99 94.7 mg in TB pleural effusion and 8.4 2.3 mg in non TB pleural effusion that was significantly higher in TB pleural effusion (p=0.001).CONCLUSION: The results showed that INFg level in TB pleural effusion is more than non TB. But now it is not cost- effective so we can t suggest it as a routine diagnostic method in pleural effusion assessment but will be useful only in doubtful cases.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In recent decades cesarean section (C/S) has increased as a common method of childbirth and it was related to the increase in non-medical reasons. Considering the importance of opinion and decision-making women in the choice of childbirth, this study was done to determine the tendencies of primiparous mothers for selecting the type of childbirth.METHODS: This cross sectional study was performed on 618 primiparous women in the year of 2007. Two stage cluster sampling was performed in public and private hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Questionnaire completed by interview. The collected information in primiparous women included: demographic data, tendency to a type of delivery and the cause of this tendency.FINDINGS: From 618 study subjects, tendency of 272 (44%) people in research was to select C/S and 346 (56%) of them to natural vaginal delivery (NVD). There was a meaningful difference in tendency for choosing the type of delivery between the public and private hospitals (p<0.001), and age of mother (p<0.02). Most affected by the mothers' tendencies, was medical staff while most of the information have gained of her relatives and 159 women (74.3%) choose cesarean section due to fear of labor pain that compared to 55 women (25.7%) in NVD group showed significant difference (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, fear of labor pain and medical staff play a role in high cesarean rate. It is recommended that women s decision for choosing delivery type accomplish after training them by medical staff about the risks and benefits of each type of delivery. In addition; study, supervision and more control by ministry of health and medical education on hospitals especially private hospitals is necessary.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women. Weight gain and high intake of energy lead to incidence of cancer. Ecologic, epidemiologic and immigrant studies suggest an association between the dietary pattern and the risk of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the dietary pattern between breast cancer patients and healthy women.METHODS: In this case control study, randomly selected 45 breast cancer patients referred to Shahid Faghihi hospital was compared with their matched control groups. Anthropometric data such as weight, height and body mass index and dietary pattern such as intake of energy, carbohydrate, total fat, saturated fat, poly unsaturated fat, mono unsaturated fat, cholesterol, crude fiber and sugar was evaluated between two groups.FINDINGS: The results showed that the mean of weight in case and controls had statistically significant difference (64.8±12.7 and 70.1±9.5 kg, respectively and p= 0.023). Analysis of dietary pattern showed that only intake of total fat (70±29 and 53±17 gr, respectively and p=0.001) saturated fatty acids (20±8 and 16±5 gr, respectively and p=0.002), poly unsaturated fatty acids (21±12 and 17±8 gr, respectively and p=0.04) and mono unsaturated fatty acids (23±11 and 16±5 gr, respectively and p=0.0001) had significant difference between two groups.CONCLUSION: Higher intake of total fat and saturated fatty acid may be one of the risk factors in incidence of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an important diagnostic and screening tool in the evaluation of uterine cavity and fallopian tubes in infertile women. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of anatomical abnormalities in infertile women.METHODS: In this descriptive study, 1492 infertile women were enrolled in this study from 1999-2007 to evaluate the probable anatomical abnormalities as the etiology of their infertility. The patients were referred by the gynecologist and the procedure was done on the 6th to 12th day of their menstrual cycles. Obtained results were recorded and evaluated.FINDINGS: There were 1492 patients who eligible for evaluation, including 865 (58%) primary infertile and 627 (42%) secondary infertile women. The results of HSG were totally normal in 895 (60%) and the others had one or more positive reporting findings including 367 (61.5%) in the uterus, 191 (32%) in the right tube, 179 (29%) in the left tube, 108 (18%) in the peritoneal or peritubal region and 96 (16%) in the cervix. Organic pathologies which could be directly influences fertility were showed in 413 (27.7%) of the studying population including 265 (17.8%) involvement of uterine tubes, 119 (8%) peritoneal or peritubal adhesions and 40(2.7%) uterine cavity adhesions.CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study the anatomic factors are not significant as the reason of infertility in our patients and nonorganic factors are probably more common. Besides just a few peritoneal and peritubal adhesions can be diagnosed by HSG which need to be confirmed by laparoscopy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Subarachnoid hemorrhage due to head trauma, rupture of brain aneurysms, etc can be associated with vitreous and retinal hemorrhage and is named Terson s syndrome and has no adverse effect on visual prognosis and survival if there is no injury to optic nerve and if the brain hemorrhage is initially remove by neurosurgeon. We report two cases of Terson's syndrome with different visual acuity.CASES: Two men of Terson s syndrome due to car accident that suffered from subarachnoid hemorrhage with decreased vision 2-3 months ago and in fundoscopy examination had retinal hemorrhage especially in the subarachnoid space presented to Farabi eye clinic. Terson's syndrome was characterized by presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage and retinal hemorrhage. They had been operated by neurosurgeon and after improvement of their consciousness, noticed unilateral or bilateral severe visual impairment. The unilateral one best corrected vision (BCVA) was 10.10 in right eye and HM (hand motion) in left eye. The left eye underwent standard 3 port pp.Vit X and the BCVA reached 8.10. The other had bilateral NLP (no light perception) most probably due to optic disc problem.CONCLUSION: Terson s syndrome should be considered in patients who had previous subarachnoid hemorrhage and are referred to eye clinic because of loss of vision. Eye surgery is utilized if decreased vision is due to vitreous and subhyaloidal hemorrhage and not due to optic nerve injury and with proper operation the prognosis is good.