Journal of Mashhad Dental School
Year:2019 | Volume:43 | Issue:1 |Papers Count:13

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the tensile strength and absolute elastic modulus of cement foamed fibers in rooted treatment teeth extracted without acrylics through four self-adhesive resin cements, namely Panavia F2. 0 with ethanolic acid, Panavia F2. 0 without acid etching, Clearfil SA Cement and RelyX U200. Materials and Methods: The current study was conducted on 40 healthy central canals or extracted human maxillary single-rooted canines prepared by the single length technique and filled in laterally. Post space was prepared by cementing the fiber posts through one of the cements. In order to investigate the strength of Panavia F2. 0 self-adhesive resin cement with Acid etch, Panavia F2. 0 without acid etching, Clearfil SA Cement, and RelyX U200, posts were pulled by a universal machine at a speed of 0. 5 mm/min. they got. The maximum force at break time (Newton) from resin cement was considered as tensile strength. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's complement test. Results: The tensile strength was at its highest in the RelyX U200 group (269. 22± 23. 43 N) and decreased in the Panavia F2. 0 group with ethanolic acid, Panavia F2. 0 without acid etching, and Clearfil SA, respectively. The highest elastic modulus per MPa was related to RelyX U200 cement (80. 07± 10. 49 MPa) and the lowest was Clearfil SA cement (40. 09± 8. 53 MPa). According to the obtained results, there was a significant difference among the groups (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The tensile strength and absolute elastic modulus of cemented fiber cured with Rely X U200 were significantly higher than those of Panavia F2. 0 cements with ethanolic acid, Panavia F2. 0 without acid etching, and Clearfil SA.

Introduction: The bleaching agents can lead to color and translucency changes in composite resins. Due to the increasing use of nanocomposites and silorane-based composites, this study aimed to examine the color and translucency changes of restorations after applying the bleaching agents. Materials and Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, 132 composite discs were divided into three groups based on the composite type, including the microhybrid composite Z250, nanohybrid composite Z350, and silorane-based composite P90. After acid etching on half of the samples in each group, they were covered with resin bonding agent. Then the color and translucency evaluation was performed by reflectance spectrophotometer using CIELAB system (USA, II-Xrite). Each composite subgroup was divided into two new subgroups, namely 20% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent and control groups. Final color and translucency changes were calculated and assessed after applying bleaching agent. The statistical analysis was carried out using the one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test, and t-test. Results: The effects of composite and bleaching agent types, as well as bonding agent, on the samples’ surface were statistically significant (P<0. 001). The color changes in the microhybrid composite were higher than those of nanohybrid and silorane-based composites (P<0. 001). Moreover, the color changes in 20% carbamide peroxide bleaching group were higher than that of the control group (Δ E>3. 3; P<0. 001). The results of translucency changes were consistent with the findings of color change measurements. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, most of the color changes in the microhybrid composite appeared after applying 20% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent. The rebound samples were less affected by the bleaching agents. The least color and translucency changes were associated with nanohybrid composites.

Introduction: Pain and edema are acute postoperative sequelae of inflammation due to tissue injury during surgical procedures that affect a patient’ s quality of life. In this randomized double-blind clinical trial, we compared Ibuprofen, Celecoxib, and Acifen (Acetaminophen/Ibuprofen/Caffeine) effects on pain, edema, and quality of life after impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Materials and Methods: In this study, 135 patients were included. The patients were randomly divided into three groups according to the type of analgesic, and each patient was visited 1, 3, and 7 days after the surgery. The intensity of pain was assessed using Visual Analog Scale and the degree of edema was clinically evaluated (measuring a line between the tragus and lip commissure in the operated side). The quality of life was assessed by the ODIP questionnaire. Results: In this study, 135 patients (37. 8% male and 62. 2% female cases with the mean age of 5. 80± 24. 26) were evaluated. There was no statistically significant difference in the pain scores of three groups in the 1st day (P=0. 258). In the 3rd day, least pain was significantly seen in the acifen group (P<0. 001). In the 7th day, least pain was significantly seen in the celecoxib group (P<0. 001). Ibuprofen significantly decreased the amount of edema more than other groups. There was no significant difference in the amount of edema among these groups on the 3rd day. Significantly, there was less edema in celecoxib and ibuprofen groups compared to acifen group. None of these drugs significantly improved oral health-related quality of life. Conclusion: With regard to the results of this clinical trial, celecoxib was insignificantly more effective than ibuprofen and acifen. In addition, according to its financial issues, the prescription should be limited to the patients with related systemic disorders.

Introduction: Primary care providers (PCP), including family physicians, and family healthcare providers have more frequent contact with patients, compared to dentists. Therefore, it would be efficient to engage them in oral health promotion programs. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate primary care providers and the physicians’ self-confidence in terms of oral health care and the prevention of oral diseases and the associated factors. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire was sent to all PCPs (n=680) and physicians (n=220) working at seven health centers in Tehran. The questionnaire consisted of items, such as oral health knowledge, background information, and oral health behavior (OHB). Two items sought information about the self-confidence of PCPs and physicians regarding dental caries diagnosis and offering advice on oral health. The data were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: The mean ages of the physicians and PCPs were 39± 8/0 and 37± 8/0, respectively. Out of 34, the oral health knowledge scores of the physicians and PCPs were 18. 2± 4. 5 and 17. 2± 4. 5, respectively. 34% of the physicians and 27% of the PCPs showed self-confidence in terms of dental caries diagnosis. With regard to offering advice on oral health, 32% and 34% of the physicians and PCPs provided the patients with oral health counselling, respectively. The higher levels of self-confidence in terms of dental caries diagnosis and oral health counselling with parents obtained in physicians who had the higher scores of oral health knowledge (P>0. 05). The PCPs working in deprived areas (P>0. 001) or those with higher OHB scores revealed to be more confident (P>0. 05). Conclusion: In spite of the fact that oral health is an essential component of primary care, physicians and PCPs revealed the lower levels of self-confidence in this regard. Therefore, it is essential to provide physicians and PCPs with appropriate OHB and self-confidence training which leads to the improvement of community oral health.

Introduction: Clinical bone fractures are very important and can cause sensory disorders in patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate facial sensory disorders in the diffusion areas of inferior alveolar nerve and infraorbital nerve following open reduction and internal fixation in trauma cases with jaw fractures. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted on a total of 100 patients referred to oral and maxillofacial department or trauma center of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Rajaee Hospital) from October 2015 to March 2017. These cases were selected through accessible sampling method. This study was performed using orientation test, thermal test, and distinction test between the two points to evaluate sensory disorders. Descriptive statistics (i. e., percentage, frequency, mean, and standard deviation) was utilized to analyze the data and Chi-square test was employed to test the hypotheses. Results: The findings of the present study indicated that there was not a significant relationship between infraorbital nerve disorder and inferior alveolar nerve disorder with the patient’ s age in the periodic examinations (i. e., before the surgery, two weeks after the surgery, and three and six months after the surgery). However, a significant relationship was observed between nerve disorder and inferior nerve disturbance with the amount of displacement and the interval of therapeutic interventions in follow-up examinations in the six months. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that in maxillofacial traumas, in bone fractures located at nerve canal, as the amount of bone displacement and interval trauma and open surgery for fixation was greater, sensory effects caused by the diffusion of infra-orbital nerve disorder and alveolar nerve disorder in the mandibular canal would be more.

Introduction: Inappropriate occlusal contacts may have deleterious effects on dentofacial system. Regarding the importance of the effect of trauma from occlusion on pulpal inflammation and periapical destruction, the present study was performed to evaluate the trauma effects on pulp and periapical histologically. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on the basis of an experimental design for animal studies. Composite repairs, 1. 5 mm in height, were placed on the right mandibular first molars of 16 dogs (2 randomized groups of 8 cases). One group of dogs were perfused after 48 hours and the second group were subjected to perfusion after 30 days. Subsequently, the histologic examination was performed and the data were analyzed using SPSS (version13). Results: The levels of inflammation in coronal and apical pulp, periapical, and periodontal ligament (PDL) after 48 hours were obtained as 25%, 37. 5%, 12. 5%, and 12. 5% and were 37. 5%, 50%, 25% and 12. 5% in maxillary and mandibular molars, respectively. After 30 days, the levels of inflammation were 75%, 75%, 12. 5%, and 12. 5% and were 87. 5%, 100%, 25%, and 25% in maxillary and mandibular molars, respectively. The levels of pulp and periapical inflammation after 30 days were significantly more than those after 48 hours (P<0. 001). The apical pulp obtained more inflammation compared to the coronal one. In addition, the periapical inflammation was more developed than that of PDL (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Following the trauma from occlusion on dog’ s molar teeth, the levels of pulp and periapical inflammation after 30 days were significantly higher than those after 48 hours. The lower teeth inflammation was more chronic and pronounced; however, there was no significant association between the severity and type of inflammation following the acute and chronic trauma and tooth positions.

Introduction: Due to the high prevalence of dental caries and deficiency of vitamin D and conflicting results of studies, this study was conducted to assess the relationship of calcium (Ca) and vitamin D levels with dental caries in 6-12-year-old children. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 265 children with the age range of 6-12 years old admitted to Mofid Hospital and need an evaluation of serum vitamin D and calcium level. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT) was recorded by a resident in pediatric dentistry. Vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy were defined less than 10 ng/ml and 10-30 ng/ml, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, respectively. Ca deficiency was defined as serum Ca level less than 8. 7 mg/dl. Results: The overall prevalence of deficiency and insufficiency levels of serum vitamin D and deficiency levels of calcium were 68. 67% and 2. 6%, respectively. There were significant differences between the group with sufficient vitamin D and the group with insufficiency and deficiency of vitamin D in terms of the DMFT. However, among 6-8-year-old children, the D (P=0. 009) and DMFT (P=0. 03) levels were significantly lower in the group with sufficient level of vitamin D, compared to the group with insufficient and deficient levels of vitamin D. Moreover, no significant associations were observed between Ca levels and dental caries indexes. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, no significant associations of vitamin D and Ca levels were observed with dental caries among 6-12-year-old children.

Introduction: One of the important factors in the success of implant-supported prostheses is the marginal fit of abutment-restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of screw access channel filling method and cement type on the marginal adaptation of implant-supported fixed restorations. Introduction: One of the important factors in the success of implant-supported prostheses is the marginal fit of abutment-restorations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of screw access channel filling method and cement type on the marginal adaptation of implant-supported fixed restorations. Materials and Methods: In this experimental in vitro study, 40 implant analogs were mounted in autopolymerizing acrylic resin blocks using a dental surveyor. Forty two piece titanium abutments were placed in each implant analog and torque up to 35 N cm. The following acrylic blocks of implants were randomly divided into 2 groups, including 20 abutment samples fully filled by the silicone, and 20 abutments sample filled partially with silicon. The marginal discrepancy of samples was measured from 4 sides with a magnification of ×50 by stereomicroscope before final cementation. In each study group, 10 samples were cemented by zinc-oxide eugenol temporary cement and 10 other samples with zinc-oxide non-eugenol temporary cement. The marginal discrepancy was measured at the same points again. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and, t-test (α =0. 05). Results: In all surfaces there were no significant differences in the mean marginal discrepancy between the group in which screw access channels were partially filled and the group in which screw access channels were completely filled before (P˃ 0. 05)and after (P=0. 052) cementation. However after cementation significant differences were found between the means of marginal discrepancy in two cement types (P=0. 02). Non-eugenol cement showed significantly higher marginal discrepancy than eugenol cement (P=0. 03). Conclusion: The mean marginal discrepancy in both full and partial access cavity filling groups did not differ significantly, but a marginal discrepancy with the use of non-eugenol cement was greater than eugenol cement.

Introduction: The mandibular and maxillary third molars are one of the most prevalent impacted teeth. Third molars grow last and it is probable that they face space insufficiency which leads to their impaction. Impacted third molar should be removed from oral cavity surgically due to various side effects which are periodontal problems of second molar and the possibility of root resorption, tumors and cysts, weakness of mandible bone, idiopathic pains. Hence, they should be surgically removed which diminishes further risks. However, the operation may lead to periodontal problems of adjacent second molar tooth and periodontal pocket. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of maxillary third molar removal on the periodontal condition of second molar. Materials and Methods: 30 patients who were undergoing oral surgery (Third molar extraction) in the Clinic of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Iran) in age group of 22 to 26 years enrolled in this study. Pocket depth, attachment loss, plaque index, bleeding on probing were evaluated in middistal, distobuccal, and distolingual sides of second molars pre and 6 months post operation. Results: The pocket depth (P=0. 187) and attachment loss (P=0. 532) were insignificantly increased in two times (pre operation and 6 months post operation). Plaque (P<0. 001), gingival index (P=0. 006), and bleeding on probing (P=0. 008) were significantly decreased in during time (plaque index=P<0. 001). Conclusion: The results indicated that maxillary third molar operation does not negatively affect the periodontal tissues of second molar and this operation does not have any effect on life teeth.

Introduction: Osteoblastoma is a rare and benign tumor that accounts for about 1% of all bone tumors. Vertebral column, sacrum, and long bones are the more frequent involved sites. It is more common among males and in the mandible. Osteoblastoma is divided into two types of invasive and conventional. The invasive neoplasm is usually larger than 4 cm, and the conventional type is smaller than 4 cm. Case report: In this case report, we described a 20-year-old male patient with the chief complaint of swelling and tenderness in the left side of the posterior mandible, who referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Dentistry Faculty of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. In the orthopantomogram and cone beam computed tomography, there was a radiopaque mass with a radiolucent margin beneath the teeth numbers #35 and #36 with a root resorption at #36. Incisional biopsy revealed the definitive diagnosis of osteoblastoma. Surgical resection with 5-mm margins was performed under general anesthesia. During the 2-year follow-up, there was no sign of recurrence or other complications. Conclusion: Osteoblastoma has a similar radiographic appearance to other bone neoplasms, such as osteoid osteoma, cementoblastoma, ossifying fibroma, and osteosarcoma. But it has significantly different histopathologic and clinical behaviors from those of the mentioned conditions. In the presence of a benign tumor, which is not typically seen in osteoblastoma, a report of such cases of root absorption can be added to our range of possible diagnoses.