Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences
Year:2018 | Volume:20 | Issue:3 (67) |Papers Count:19

Background and Objective: Marriage disturbance and dissatisfaction in marital life have important consequences for the family. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of emotion focused couple therapy (EFCT) on marriage function and psychological well-being of women with marrital conflicts.Methods: This clinical trial study was done on 53 women with marrital conflicts reffered to Binesh, Rastin and Education Counseling Centers in Gorgan, northern Iran during 2016. The participants were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The Ryff’s psychological well-being scale made and marriage function assessment inventory made were completed before, one week and eight weeks after intervention by the participants. Counselling with EFCT approach was performed for intervention group through 15 group sessions, once a week and lasted for 90-120 minutes. The follow up was done two months later. The marriage function and psychological well-being scores were recorded for each participant at the end of the study and two months after the end of intervention.Results: At the end of 15 intervention sessions, the mean score of marriage function was significantly higher in intervention group (263.32±22.15) Compared to control group (162.39±31.56) (p<0.05). Also, the mean score of psychological well-being was significantly higher in intervention group (372.48±35.69) compared to control group (237.57±42.38) (p<0.05). Two months after the end of study, the mean score of marriage function of intervention group (268.56±22.95) was significantly more than control group (145.32±11.96) (p<0.05). Also, the mean score of psychological well-being was significantly higher in intervention group (398.64±22.35) in comparsin with controls (201.50±13.32) (p<0.05).Conclusion: Emotion focused couple therapy promotes marriage function and psychological wellbeing of women with marrital conflicts through the de-escalation of negative cycles of interaction, changing interactional positions and facilitating the emergence of new solutions to old problems.

Background and Objective: Angiogenesis and expression of angiogenic factors in tumor are associated with increased risk of metastasis and reduction of treatment outcomes. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of endurance training on the angiogenic factors (VEGFR-2, VEGF) of tumor in breast cancer bearing mice.Methods: In this experimental study, 20 BALB/c mice following breast cancer induction were randomly allocated into two groups of experimental (n=10) and control (n=10). Breast cancer tumors were induced by MC4-L2 cell infusion. Animals in the experimental group were received endurance training for 6 weeks, 5 days a week with gradual increase in intensity from 12 to 20 (m.min-1) and duration from 25 to 55 minutes. Tumor volume was measured weekly with digital caliper. Expression of two angiogenic proteins of VEGFR-2 and VEGF were measured by ELISA method.Results: Endurance training significantly reduced VEGFR-2 protein in training group (1.524±0.324 ng ml-1) compared to the control group (2.686±0.815 ng ml-1) (p<0.05), whereas, there was no significant difference in the VEGF protein in the training group (734.633±110.131 pg ml-1) compared to the control group (756.317±72.32 pg ml-1). The tumor volume significantly decreased in the training group compared to the control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Regular endurance training induces anti-angiogenic effects in tumor tissue of breast cancer bearing mice.

Background and Objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is usually a disease caused by inadequate insulin production in pregnant women. GDM induces abnormal fetal growth. This study was done to evaluate the BMP2 and BMP4 genes expression in the development of the embryos heart in induced gestational diabetes of C57BL/6 mice.Methods: In this experimental study, 8-week old adult C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into diabetic and control groups. After mating of animals, the dams in diabetic group were received a single dose of 150 mg/kg/bw of streptozotocin on gestational day 1 of pregnancy, intrapereatonally. After 11.5 days of pregnancy, the embryos of both groups were extracted and heart tissue was extracted. RNA total tissue of the heart was extracted by trazole. After extracting RNA, expression of BMP2 and BMP4 genes in the heart of both groups was estimated by Real-time PCR.Results: There was no singnificant diference in expression of BMP2 and BMP4 genes in the heart of 11.5 days of embryos in gestational diabetes mellitus group and control group.Conclusion: Gestational diabetes mellitus had no effect on the expression of BMP2 and BMP4 genes in the development of the embryos heart.

Background and Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune-inflammatory disease with possible joint destruction and disability. Persica plant, seems contain anti-inflammatory capabilities. This study was done to determine the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Ferula persica resin on induced rheumatoid arthritis by Freund's complete adjuvant in rat.Methods: In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats (200-250 g) and 8 weeks old were randomly allocated in 6 groups including normal group, positive control, negative control, and groups treated with the hydroalcoholic extract of persica resin with 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg/bw doses. The resin of persica was extracted by Maceration method. On the first day, inflammation was induced with injection of 0.2 ml of Freund's complete adjuvant into the right knee joint of rats and from the fifteenth day hydroalcoholic extract was injected intraperitoneally and daily for 15 days. On the 30th day, blood samples were taken from hearts for rheumatoid factor measurement. Histological slides were prepared from knee joint.Results: The level of RF in the three treatment groups was significantly reduced compared to the negative control group (p<0.05). Destruction of cartilage were observed in treated group with dose of 25 mg/kg/bw in comparision with positive control group, treated group with 50 and 75 mg/kg/bw doses. Also in the negative control group, synovial hyperplasia, pannus and the destruction of cartilage were observed.Conclusion: It seems that hydroalcoholic extract of Ferula persica resin can causes dose dependent reduction of inflammation and destruction of cartilage result from induced rheumatoid arthritis in the rats.

Background and Objective: The synthesis of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in adipose tissue plays an important role in providing resistance and prevention of fat accumulation, weight gain and obesity. This study was done to evaluate the effect of eight weeks aerobic training with moderate and high intensities on serum levels of Irisin and UCP1 white adipose tissue in obese male rats.Methods: In this experimental study, 24 adult obese male Wistar rats (weight: 250 to 300 gr, BMI>30g/cm2) were randomly assigned into three groups including moderate aerobic training intensity, high intensity aerobic training and control group. The aerobic exercise training was included 8 weeks (5 sessions/per-week for 60 min per session). All training groups carried out aerobic training with 28 m/min (moderate intensity), aerobic training with 34 m/min (high intensity) on treadmill.48 hours after the training period, the level of UCP1 and Irisin protein was measured.Results: The level of UCP-1 in adipose tissue and serum Irisin in both aerobic training intensities increased compared to control group, but this increase only in aerobic training group with a moderate intensity was singnificant (p<0.05).Conclusion: Eight weeks aerobic training with moderate intensity leads to increase of UCP-1 in adipose tissue and Irisin levels.

Background and Objective: The comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension may exacerbate chronic inflammation and regular exercise training considered as an important therapeutic approach for such patients. This study was done to evaluate the eight weeks effects of regular exercise training on apelin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a) plasma levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women with T2DM.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 20 postmenopausal women with hypertension and T2DM. Subjects non-randomlly allocated into intervention and control groups. Training program consisted of 25-40 minutes of aerobic exercise at 50-70 percent of maximal heart rate, 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. The plasma level of apelin, TNF-a and glucose was measured, subsequently.Results: 8 weeks exercise training was significantly reduced apelin, TNF-a, and glucose levels in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Aerobic exercise can mediate some of its favorable effects on hypertension pathological conditions associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus by reducing plasma apelin and TNF-a levels.

Background and Objective: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of some diseases such as atherosclerosis and doing high intensity training may enhance oxidative stress. This study was done to evaluate the effect of eight weeks resistance training on malondialdehyd, total, antioxidant capacity, liver enzymes and lipid profile in overweight and obese women.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 16 overweight and obese women were non-randomly divided into intervention (n=9) and control (n=7) groups. The resistance training included the resistance training (with intensity of 50-80% one repetition maximum) that lasted for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Every session lasted for 60 minutes. Malondialdehyd, total antioxidant capacity, liver enzymes and lipid profile for each subject was measured.Results: The eight weeks resistance training significantly increased total antioxidant capacity high density lipoprotein and triglyceride in interventional group in compared to controls (p<0.05). The eight weeks resistance training significantly reduced alanine aminotransferase in comparison with control group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Eight weeks resistance training by reducing malondialdehyd and increasing total antioxidant capacity may reduce the risk of atherosclerosis disease and improving cardiovascular health.

Background and Objective: Opium consumption and addiction can negatively affect on pulmonary and physical function. This study was done to determine the effect of the combined training with different intensities on pulmonary and physical function in addicted men.Methods: This quesi-experimental study was carried out on 30 addicted men with an average age of 37.6±7.1 years, who were under treatment in Sabzevar city rehabilitation center in north-east of Iran during Fall of 2015. The subjects were non-randomly divided into three equal groups including control, the first intervention group, and the second intervention group. The control group did not participate in any training program. The interventional groups participated in an aerobic and resistance training period for six weeks (four times a week). The training intensities of the first and second intervention groups were 50-65% and 65-80% of HRmax or 1RM, respectively. Preior and after the training period, spirometry tests, maximal oxygen uptake, strength and endurance of upper body muscles and special strength of respiratory muscles were measured from all of the subjects.Results: The both intervention groups improved the peak expiratory flow index compared to control group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the peak expiratory flow index significantly increased in the second intervention group compared to the first intervention group. There was no significant difference in the indices of special strength of respiratory muscles, maximal aerobic power, and maximal voluntary ventilation between the three groups. Upper body muscles' endurance and strength, forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity parameters significantly increased in the second intervention group compared to the control group. The forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity ratio index significantly increased in the two interventional groups compared to control group (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the first and second interventional groups.Conclusion: The performance of aerobic and resistance trainings with higher intensity improves indices of the forced vital capacity, the forced expiratory volume in the first second, and upper body muscles' strength and endurance of addicted males.

Background and Objective: The phenomenon of aging is one of the evolutionary stages of life and it is an inevitable part of human society that can lead to poor balance and consequent harm, loss of independence and early death. This study was done to determine the effect of Pilates exercise on functional balance of elderly men.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 28 elderly men with an average age of above 60 years. Subjects were non-randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Eldely men in intervention group were received Pilates training for 6 weeks, 3 sessions per week. To measure the functional balance was used of the timed up and go test. Pre-test and post-test of was done for functional balance in intervention and control groups.Results: The functional balance significantly reduced in intervention group (10.11±0.53 sec) in compared to controls (12.61±1.14 sec) (p<0.05).Conclusion: Pilates training have an important role in improving the performance balance of elderly men.

Background and Objective: Helicobacter pylori infection is a pathogenic agent of many stomach disorders, including peptic ulcer disease, stomach cancer and stomach lymphoma. The reasons for the variety of the outcomes of the infection resulting from Helicobacter pylori may be related to difference in genotype or expression of pathogenic bacterial-related factors, as well as environmental and host factors. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of s1, s2, m1 and m2 alleles of the vacA Helicobacter pylori gene isolated from clinical samples.Methods: This descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 183 patients whom suffering from digestive disorders which referring to the endoscopic department of Kordkuy’s Amiralmomenin hospital in Golestan province, north of Iran during 2016. Two samples of biopsy from antrum region were taken from each patient. The first sample was evaluated by urease test and the second one was done with saline buffer phosphate solution. Urease test of 50 positive samples and DNA extraction was performed. The polymerase chain reaction was performed forvacA alleles and then the relationship between toxin secretion with the symptoms such as abdominal pain, stomachache, reflux, nausea, gastritis, bleeding, stomach ulcers, burning, anemia, and weight loss were evaluated.Results: Frequency of s1, s2, m1, m2 vacA alleles of isolated strains was 88%, 6%, 38% and 70%, respectively. Also, the s1 / m1, s1 / m2, s2 / m1 and s2 / m2 genotypes of vacA Helicobacter pylori gene were determined 36%, 58%, 0% and 6%, respectively. Toxin secretion did not have significant relationship with digestive symptoms.Conclusion: The dominant genotype of the patients with digestive disorders (58%) in this study was s1 / m2 and s2 / m1 genotype did not observe in clinical samples.

Background and Objective: Increasing interest has been devoted to the design and discovery of more effective anticancer agents in current medicinal chemistry because of the high prevalence of cancer in different societies and resistance occurrence to existing anticancer drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of two novel quinoline compounds (RQ1 and RQ2) on human gastric cancer cells.Methods: In this descriptive - analytic study, the anticancer effects of the compounds were evaluated by MTT assay. This test was performed on two categories of gastric cancer cells sensitive to Danorubicin (EPG85-257P) and resistant to Danorubicin (EPG85-257RDB). The arresting mechanism in the G2 / M phase of the cell cycle and the induction of apoptosis by the compounds was investigated using the PI test and flow cytometric analysis.Results: Novel quinoline derivatives RQ1 and RQ2 showed good anticancer effects on both sensitive and resistant human gastric cancer cells (IC50=25-38mM). Compound RQ2 showed the most cytotoxic activity on the Danorubicin-sensitive cancer cell line with IC50=25mM. The percentage of Danorubicin resistant gastric cancer cells (EPG85-257RDB) in the G2 / M phase at 25mm concentration of RQ1 and RQ2 was 35.95 and 34.88, respectively, and 41.1% and 42.89% of these cells, after treatment with 50mm concentration of RQ1 and RQ2 arrested at the G2 / M phase respectively.Conclusion: The two novel quinoline compounds, RQ1 and RQ2 showed strong anticancer effect on both sensitive and resistant human gastric cancer cell lines.

Background and Objective: Curcumin is a combination of active polyphenol from the Curcuma Langa plant, which has extensive biological activities including effects anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and cytotoxic markers for multiple cancer cells. Berberine is an alkaloied isokinolin that is present in berberine and suppresses the growth of many tumor cells. This study was designed to determine the antibacterial effect of berberine and indium curcumin and indium diastile curcumin complexes against E-coli and Bacillus pumilus and comparison of their cytotoxicity on the cell lines of the bladder and stomach cancer cells.Methods: In this descriptive-analytic study, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity effect of berberine and indium curcumin and indium diastile curcumin complexes was investigated by MTT and dilution test method respectively. E-coli [BL21 (DE 3)], Bacillus pumilus (PTCC 1529), cell lines of bladder (5637) and stomach (AGS) were evaluated.Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of berberin for E-coli was determined 5 mM. At 100 micromolar concentration of berberine approximately 100% of the bladder cancer cells have disappeared. Cytotoxic effect of curcumin complexes on two bladder and stomach cancer cell lines showed that both complexes have different inhibitory effects on cell line life. Cytotoxicity of 20μM indium curcumin and indium diastile curcumin complexes for bladder cancer cells were 58% and 55%, respectively, and for stomach cancer cells were 61% and 34 %, respectively. Antibacterial activity of complexes against Bacillus pumilus and E-coli showed that none of the complexes has antimicrobial effect againstBacillus Pamilus, but both complexes inhibited the growth of E-coli bacteria. The bacteria population in the presence of indium curcumin and indium diastile curcumin complexes was reduced to 40% and 24%, respectively.Conclusion: This study indicated that indium complexes of curcumin and diacetyl curcumin have a potential for anticancer and antibacterial therapy. Furthermore, berberine as an alkaloid has anticancer and antibacterial activity.

Background and Objective: Thyme essential oil is strong antifungal, anti-parasitic and antibacterial due to presence phenolic thymol and carvacrol. Encapsulation is used in order to increase the solubility, protection against oxidation and evaporation and also to improve the effectiveness of essential oils. This study was performed in order to loading Thymus essential oil (Thymus daenensis Celak and Zataria multiflora species) into liposomal vesicles and evaluation of antifungal activity of Zataria multifloraspecie encapsulated with nano-systems.Methods: In this descriptive – laboratory study, liposomes containing Thymus essential oil- were prepared using thin film hydration method. After size reduction, nano-particle was characterized in term of morphology, size, zeta potential and chemical interactions. Effect of phospholipids types, cholesterol content and species of Thymus were investigated on encapsulation efficiency. Finally, the antifungal activity of essential oil of Zataria multiflora specie loaded liposome was evaluated the minimum fungicidal concentration, minimum inhibitory concentration and zone of inhibition against Trichophyton mentagrophytes.Results: Thymus essential oil loaded into liposome with over 80% efficiency. Optimal formulation contained of 10% cholesterol, 90% soybean phosphatidylcholine phospholipid with 3% of polyethylene glycol and also Thymus essential oil with concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. Nanoparticles were anionic with spherical shape and size less than 100 nm. There was no chemical interaction between liposomes and essential oil. Prepared formulation was chemically stable and the essential oil had not retained during encapsulation. Medicinal-nano system of Zataria multiflora specie was effective in inhibition of the growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes.Conclusion: The preparation of optimal liposomal formulation containing Thymus essential oil is affected by the type and amount of phospholipid, and it was completely independent of the species of Thymus. Also, Encapsulation increases the anti-fungal activity of essential oil of Zataria multiflora.

Background and Objective: Systemic lupus erythatous (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with clinical symptoms. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) is common in vasculitis which is reported in SLE. This study was done to determine the frequency of ANCA in patient with SLE and its association with disease activity.Methods: This descriotive study was conducted on 80 patients with SLE whom referred to rheumatology clinic in Gorgan, northern Iran during 2012-15. The patients disorder diagnosed based on the ACR Criteria. According to the disease activity the patients divided to active group and inactive group. Demographic data was completed with questionnaire and blood sample collected in order to evaluate of for serum ANCA by using ELISA method.Results: The average age was 37.5±12.4 year. Seven (8.5%) patients were males.91.5% of patients was females.27 patients (33%) had active lupus and 53 (57%) had inactive lupus. Only one patient has been reported as positive for ANCA. The patient was a 45 years woman with history of 10 years of lupus nephritis with active disease.Conclusion: There was no relationship between ANCA and disease activity. The main reason for this finding can be a few numbers of positive cases in this study.

Background and Objective: Liver enzyme tests are usually normal or slightly increased during pregnancy. Abnormal liver enzyme tests are seen in 3% of pregnancies and should be evaluated immediately. Early detection and timely treatment is the key to successful treatment. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of abnormal liver enzymes and pregnancy outcome in women admitted to Sayyad-e-Shirazi hospital in Gorgan-north of Iran.Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on 73 hospitalized pregnant women out of 6680 pregnant women in the Sayyad Shirazi hospital, in north of Iran during April to September 2015. Clinical information was including laboratory tests, final diagnosis and complications postpartum of 73 women with impaired liver enzymes.Results: The most common cause of abnormal liver enzymes were pre-eclampsia in pregnant women (16 patients 21.9%) which occured in the third trimester. HELLP syndrome was observed in 9 (12.3%) of patients which occurred in the third trimester. Also in 3 cases (4.1%) eclampsia was reported in the third trimester.Conclusion: Due to the high incidence of pre-eclampsia and HELLP syndrome in women with impaired liver enzymes, careful examination of patients, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy is essential.

The proximal radioulnar joint plays an important role in elbow and forearm movements. Radial head fracture involves about 20% of the elbow fractures, which is most often accompanied by other damage to the soft or bone tissue. Isolated form is about 2% and bilateral form is rare. Most radial head fractures are the result of low energy and falling down with outstretched hands. Heavy sports injuries, high energy trauma and crashes cause a breakdown with displacement and the possibility of further complications.In this article we reported a woman nurse with 35 years old whom suffered pain and swelling of both elbows due to simple falling down with outstretched hands. In the clinical examination, there was a bilateral tenderness and swelling of the elbows. Movements were decreased in right side. There was no nerve defect. In the Xray radiography, bilateral radial head fractures, Mason-type 3 at right and type 1 at left elbow were observed. Right elbow treated by open reduction and internal fixation by mini plate and screws and left side treated by conservative method. The patient was discharged with indomethacin 25 mg 3 times a day for 6 weeks and bilateral long arm splint for 5 to 7 days, active movements were begun. Subsequently, the patient was not adviced for physiotherapy. Complete movements of elbow joints were obtained in right side and left side after 8 and 4 weeks due to teratment. Precise clinical examinations and correct radiographs are necessary to diagnose the bilateral radial head fractures. Early diagnosis and proper treatment and, if necessary, physiotherapy leads to proper improvement and acceptable movements and function.