JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH
Year:2020 | Volume:16 | Issue:4 (61) |Papers Count:14

Due to its beautiful nature, province of Mazandaran which is always one of the tourist and tourist provinces, where many people travel to the province every year in different seasons. The province is also one of the country's agricultural hubs, which contribute a lot to the transportation of this industry through road transport, which creates high traffic volume traffic and, as a result, traffic accidents. The statistics provided in recent years show that this province is the seventh province for casualties caused by accidents in the country. Based on this, a lot of research has been carried out on the identification of factors affecting the severity of accidents and there have been many advances in this regard, but studies on the relationship between the severity of accidents and the type of collision have been negligible, so further research in this It seems necessary. In this research, using a model of logistic polynomials from a set of selection models for predicting the intensity of accidents has been used. Also, using a prediction model of two sets of data mining algorithms including CART algorithm as one of decision tree algorithms and ANN-MLP algorithm, an array of artificial neural network algorithms was used and the required results were extracted and with each other have been compared. According to the studies carried out in this study, it has been shown that the best model was the MNL model in terms of the correct prediction and the ability to present the prediction formula for each level. The results obtained in the forecasting section show that the estimated formula is able to predict the severity of accidents at 0 (zero) and 1 levels with sufficient accuracy.

The need for development and consequently, the demand for cargo capacity increases in the country and the limitations in some cases lead to changes in the relevant regulations. Changes in cargo regulations and increased tonnage due to non-compliance with the design of the existing pavement will cause serious damage to the pavement structures. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of cargo regulations modification in 1390 and overloads on damages to the roads. Furthermore, it checks the sensitivity of the pavement to the type of overloaded vehicle. Data from intelligent traffic systems and weigh in motion (WIM) installed in the Isfahan-Moorchekhort and Isfahan-Nain have been used. According to the rules of carriage and the relevant regulations, and the classification of cars in the WIM system and their matching with each, other equivalent load factor and the axles of each class are calculated and in the previous and posterior state of the cargo regulations, with allowable load and with overload each axle and overall overload of the vehicle were compared with each other and the damage to the pavement was investigated. The results of this study indicate that the change of regulation has caused irreparable damage to the existing pavement structure and overloads have allocated a significant part of the loading. There is also no correlation between fines, fines imposed according to criteria, and damage caused by vehicles with overload. On the other hand, the failure of the pavement to the truck with two axle’ s type 2 is most susceptible. Therefore, the use of the WIM system is necessary for controlling loads, and its distribution on the axles, and the change of regulations requires more repair and maintenance costs, which is evidenced by the existing status of the two axles.

Public vehicles in our country can be an important part of the solution to improve the economic, energy and environmental challenges and bring us a better quality of life. One of the manifestations of low technology in public transportation is the leasing in traditional ways. Getting a fair in traditional ways in the transportation industry has many problems, such as waste of time and delays in travel time, hence the need for the transformation and introduction of new technologies into this field. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of electronic ticketing on improving the performance of urban public transport. In this research, filming is done from each of Seyeddkhandan to Tajreish (paper and money tickets) routes and from Vanak Square to Tajreish (Electronic Ticket) at peak hours of the morning and evening and on different working days. After that, information about the time stops variables is extracted using the recorded videos. In the next stage, the data are analyzed statistically (mean, variance and normal or non-data). Then, for each of the paths, the latency prediction models are calculated and the best model is determined using fitness and correlation tests. Finally, to measure the change in how money and paper tickets are transferred to the electronic ticket on the path of Seyeddkhandan, it is done on the simulation stop time. The results show that the model 4 is more suitable than other models and has more adaptation than the actual delay time. And one of the most effective measures that bus companies can do to increase passenger satisfaction is the change in how the travel costs are paid; setting up an electronic payment system and costing each one can lead to a reduction in the length of time passengers boarding and As a result, reduce stop time.

The enormous costs of repairing and maintaining of the existing roads have led to extensive researches in this area. Much of the cost goes to repairing asphalt pavements. On the other hand, the occurrence of permanent deformations in this type of pavement has been recognized as one of the most common causes of the failure of flexible pavements. These deformations are strongly influenced by the creep performance of the asphalt. Understanding and predicting the potential of the occurrence of these deformations in the laboratory phase of specimen fabrication will have a significant impact on reducing pavement repair and maintenance costs. But asphalt creep performance assessment equipment is expensive and out of reach in the current country situation which is under sanctions. In this study, it has been attempted to predict its creep performance by constructing numerous samples of materials commonly used in asphalt pavement construction in Iran and using asphalt stress-strain curve. For this purpose, the forcedisplacement curve of the Brazilian tensile test was used. This test is done easily and at a low cost with a change in the Marshall Machine jaw. The proposed model shows that by using the parameters of this curve, a proper estimation of creep performance can be obtained. The validity of the mentioned model is confirmed by means of the analysis method of average and also by genetic algorithm.

As part of the project management process, risk management is of great importance in all projects. It is also essential to identify all potential risks regardless of their impact on the calculations or events. Any of the three main objectives in a construction project, namely the cost, time, and quality, may be exposed to risk and uncertainty. Project risks include unknown possible incidents with positive or negative consequences for project goals and detectable causes and effects with direct impact on cost, time, and quality objectives. Several studies have addressed risk management in urban highway pavement projects. These projects play a key role in the aesthetics of a city and improving the satisfaction of citizens. This issue has received much attention in recent years, which translates into the allocation of the largest portion of highway construction and maintenance budget to pavement projects. Accordingly, the present study aims to analyze and assess risks in urban highway pavement maintenance projects. Following a brief discussion on EPC contracts, a model is presented for carrying out the risk management process in EPC contracts for urban highway maintenance in compliance with the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) based on experience from past projects and the views of authorities, managers, and experts collected and analyzed by questionnaire and interview. Further, seven critical risks in EPC projects were identified and addressed and potential solutions were recommended.

Environmental pollution is one of the factors affecting it and it is one of the important issues in the economy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of economic growth on environmental pollution in the transportation sector during the years 1368 to 1394. Therefore, firstly the theoretical discussions on the effect of economic growth on environmental pollution have been investigated, then this issue has been empirically investigated in the road transport sector and the Kuznets 1 environmental contamination curve has been extracted. Also, Microfit software has been used to analyze and analyze the data using the Distributed Disturbance Pattern (ARDL) pattern. The results of estimating the model indicate that there is a positive relationship between per capita income and environmental pollution and the negative relationship between per capita income and environmental pollution in the transportation sector. Therefore, Kuznets' environmental hypothesis is true in the country's road transport sector, and also the curve return point shows that Iran's road transport sector has not yet reached the point of return to the Kuznets environmental curve. There is also a positive correlation between the use of oil products and environmental pollution in the road transport sector. Therefore, according to the results of the study, it is suggested that the policies necessary to move towards green and clean technologies will be made as it will lead the country to a sustainable growth path.

Permeable concrete block pavements have been used as a kind of mainstream type of pavements in order to achieve the purposes of urban runoff management. Their application in different countries has shown that the exact awareness of hydrological and geotechnical characteristics of project site are considered as basic requirements for successful designing these pavements. Despite this, studies have shown that comprehensive information is not available for this issue about Iran. In this research, different regions of Iran for construction of these pavements have been studied by using available information and taking advantage of ICPI method. The regions with greater potential for infrastructure research have been prioritized. Results indicate that regions located in hot and dry areas of Iran have greater competitiveness for investment on permeable concrete block pavements. Furthermore, it’ s found that by considered assumptions, hydraulic restrictions are more crucial than traffic loads in the process of designing this kind of pavements.

One of the most appropriate ways of controlling traffic congestion in metropolises is traffic congestion pricing. Traffic congestion pricing has been done in different ways in the metropolises of the world. Choosing the right method for traffic congestion pricing in tourist metropolises is very important. In this research, four methods for traffic congestion pricing were evaluated and prioritized using the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is based on expert opinions and paired comparisons, and considers dependencies among decision elements. The prioritization of evaluation and weighting to decision elements based on the Analytic Network Process (ANP) in this study was done by using “ Super Decisions” software. The tourist metropolis of Mashhad was selected as a case study in this research. Based on the obtained results, the pricing method of the monitored ranges is the highest priority and the pricing methods based on the distance traveled within the traffic plan area, the pricing based on the time of the traffic scheduling and pricing based on the entry permit are ranked in next priorities respectively. The most effective evaluation criteria are known as reducing travel time, reducing single-occupancy vehicle traffic, increasing the using of public transport, and increasing the operational speed.

One of the important issues in road pavement management is the allocation of resource in different parts of the network in order to maintain the pavement conditions at desired levels. In this paper, a tri-objective model is proposed for this purpose, the objective functions of which are: 1) to minimize the proportion of the network that are in “ critical” and worse-critical conditions (other than the “ worst” condition), on which some improvement measures should be performed to reach a desired condition; (2) to minimize the proportion of the network that is in “ worst” condition, and, in order to bring it to a desired condition, it should take renovation measures; and (3) to minimize the total cost incurred due to the maintenance and rehabilitation measures made during the entire planning period. To solve the tri-objective model, a hybrid method is proposed using multi-objective parametric optimization and ε-constraint methods. The results of the application of the model show that despite the mental imagination at first glance, the first and second objective functions may have conflict, so that increasing one of them may lead to decreasing the other; therefore, these two objectives cannot be considered together as a single objective function. One of the important features of the proposed method is that the Markov Chain process model, as the prediction tool for the pavement condition, is incorporated into the optimization model. This makes the pavement condition prediction and resource allocation simultaneously and prevents achieving local optimal solutions.

Management of blood products is one of the major concerns of mankind. Although efforts have been made to find suitable alternatives to blood, but blood donors are still the most important source of care for patients. Blood is a sensitive and perishable product; in addition, a little it’ s randomness of supply and demand can add to the complexity of this chain and make it difficult to manage, especially in earthquake-prone situations, because its deficiency causes human death and excess is not accepted. Therefore, in this paper, a mathematical model for locating blood distribution sites along with transporting vehicles routing in earthquake conditions is presented. The goals are to minimize blood shortages, maximize satisfaction of affected people, and minimize transportation and location costs. One of the contributions of this paper is considering scenario-based uncertainty along with risk of disturbance and satisfaction of affected people. The proposed model is solved in small and medium dimensions with the Epsilon constraint algorithm and for the case study (District 7 of Tehran city) with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA). The results of the analysis show that the estimation error is minimized in the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm and as the number of established distribution centers increases with demand increases.

The safety and convenience of road users have been affected straightly by the pavement surface condition, which would be more serious in special weather conditions. The reduction in skid resistance between tire and pavement surface, splashing, spray, unpleasant light reflection and reduce in driving safety can be count as consequence of water existence on the road surface. Porous Asphalt are using as permeable surface layer which can increase the safety and reduce the noise pollution. This study is focusing on modified porous asphalt with two different types of polymers, one elastomer and one plastomer. The samples has been prepared with 85-100 penetration grade bitumen, lime aggregates, stone powder filler and SBR and EVA polymer in two different content (4 and 5 percentage of bitumen weight). The penetration test, rotational viscosity and elastic recovery test has been performed on the modified bitumen. Moreover, the porous asphalt samples have been tested by resilient modulus test, indirect tensile stress test and wheel track test. Results of bitumen tests shows enhancement in stiffness, viscosity and flexibility of bitumen which improves the bitumen’ s performance. In addition, asphalt mixture test results show higher cohesion and adhesion in porous asphalt compared to the control sample, which is the reason of improvement in moisture sensitivity and rutting. Among the all tested samples, the SBR modified samples shows a better performance.

The use of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) helps us save our natural resources and money. Of the different types of asphalt pavements that can be built, HMA pavements are considered the best in the terms of strength and durability. But the production temperature limits the amount of RAP used in the new mixture because this production`s high temperature requirement causes the deterioration of the aged binder of RAP and increases greemhouse gas emission. In the recent years there has been much focus on Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) technology, because the aim of this approach is to reduce the production temperature by using additives which increase the workability of the binder at a lower temperature. The use of WMA additives helps us reduce the temperature while preserving the desired workability, thus enables HMA to contain higher percentages of RAP. The purpose of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of production temperature reduction by using WMA additives on the performance properties of asphalt mixture containing 100% RAP. To reach this goal, five mixes were prepared and tested: a control mix (100% RAP-mixing temperature 150° C), three mixes with Sasobit, Rheofalt and without additives (mixing temperature of 130° C), and one virgin mix with extracted aggregate (mixing temperature of 160° C). The performance properties of the mixtures were evaluated based on indirect tensile strength, resilient module, four point beam fatigue test, and dynamic creep test etc. The results showed that the mixtures with WMA additives had better performance according to their moisture susceptibility and rutting potential, but the control mix had better performance in fatigue and low temperature cracking.

Structural damage detection is based on that the dynamic response of structure will change because of damage. Hence, it is possible to estimate the location and severity of damage before and after the damage. In this study, damage detection issue based on modal parameters for an optimization problem using neural network and fuzzy genetic system offered and the effectiveness of these two methods in detecting the location and also the severity of the damage is assessed. For studying damage detection, the numerical model of the Crowchild bridge is made by its dynamic characteristics and has been used for various damage scenario detection. In the first method, the natural frequency, and in the second method, modal strain energy is selected as a damage indicator. Using simplified models to study the behavior of bridges due to their simplicity and acceptable accuracy is very common. The results show that the Genetic Fuzzy System can be more successful when a simplified model is used. Comparing the results of two failure detection methods shows that the fuzzy system is less sensitive to existing uncertainties.