JOURNAL OF FUNDAMENTALS OF MENTAL HEALTH
Year:2004 | Volume:6 | Issue:21-22|Papers Count:11

Introduction This research is a kind of experimental research and has been done according to cognitive– behavioural theories and biochemical mental disorder therapy in order to evaluate the relative efficiency of congnitive– behavioral techniques and use them in treating obsessive compulsive disorders.Method and materials: For this purpose we chose male and female clients (single or married) whe referred to the psychologica clinics. Four groups of eight persons were randomly chosen.The results of this study are shown regarding age, education, duration of the affliction and sex. There are no significant diffesences between there groups. Moreover, the results of this research about the first and the second hypothesis are that each technique of therapy in itself decreased the obsessive signs, depression level, and anxiety changing of the beliefs, authomatic and incorrect thoughts and also improved the social adjustment of the patients.Results: The results of this research about the third hypothesis show that the combination of medicine therapy and the cognitive-behavioral technique had better effects in comparison with each of the therapies by itself and the control group. The results on this research about the forth hypothesis show that Congnitive- Behavioral therapy, except in the indicator of recovering depression, was letter than medicine therapy.

Introduction: The learning theorists have never remarked that the ADHD syndrome is acquisitive, but it is clear that behaviors related to this syndrome, form in environment. According to investigations there is a significant relationship between ADHD symptoms and some factors such as the presence of problems in family integration, quality of child rearing, marital discord, separation of parents and their psychiatric disorders. Also families with low socioeconomic status, parents' cognitive patterns about childr behavior, and the number of migrations from locality of living have significant correlation withthe presence of ADHD symptoms in preschoolers.Method and materials: This research is a descriptive study with the aim of finding the correlation between some Famile’s psychosocial charactristics and the presence of ADHD symptoms at day care centers inthe Tabriz city. Of ADHD symptoms were measured directly upon DSM-III-R criteria for ADHD. 273 children between the ages of three and five years of age as study samples were randomly chosen from 30 day care centers, and the questionaires were completed by their parents and teachers separaetly. Mc Nemar, One-way Anova, Chi-sqaure, and independent ‘T’ statistic tests were used for information analysis.Results: Findings of research showed that there is a significant correlation between ADHD symptoms (teachers and parent records) and at least one stressor events (P=0/0001), birth of new child (P=0/001), death of one of significance in child's life (P=0/01), and exacerbation of  marital discord (P=0 .002), But there was no significant correlation between ADHD symptoms and change of child’s locality of living or his day care center, and presence of severe illnes in one of family numbers. Also based on parents and teachers reports we didnot find significant correlation between ADHD symptoms and child’s age, sex, rank of birth on birthti weight, there were no significant differences between mean of ADHD scores reported by parents with different jobs.Conclusion: In regard to significant correlation between presence of ADHD symptoms and at least one stressor event in preschoolers, clinicians and nurses should give careful evaluation of ADHD symptoms and families psychopathology.

Introduction: Using psychology in work areas is a new domain in Iran. Accurate scientific findings can promote job performance in personnel. The purpose of the present research was to study the reciprocal relationship of the personality characteristics and job stress.Method and materials: The present research is a correlational one, for this reason 70 of the personnel were selected with stratified random sampling method. Instruments used were Cattel anxiety scale; Rathus A_B type questionnaire, Coppersmith self-esteem inventory-revised and Coodron job stress scale. These scales were administered in 45 days dweing the second half of 2003.Results: Results of multivariate regression analysis showed that two variables; total anxiety (p= 0.000) and  type A_B ( p= 0.032) were the most important in prediction of job stress, on the other hand obvious anxiety had the major role  in prediction of low self esteem of personnel.Conclusion: Results suggested that the most important problem of personnelas explained above, were high job stress and low self esteem. This indicates that self-esteem and job stress are influenced by environmental factors.

Introduction: This study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence of somatic symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Two important differential diagnoses for MDD are somatization disorder and pain disorder.Methods and Materials: This was a desriptive research that assessed 33 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder based on DSM-IV criteria. This group was selected from referrals to psychiatric clinics of Imam Reza and Ebn Sina. Beck inventory depression and Quick Inventory of depressive symptomatology were used in this study.Results: Findings of this study revealed that 40% of patients experienced severe somatic symptoms, 25% of them had moderate somatic symptoms and, 21% of them had mild somatic symptoms. A high correlation coefficient of 0.742 was found between severity of depression and severity of somatic symptoms.Conclusion: A majority of patients experiencined somatic symptoms, and there was statistically significant correlation between severity of depression and somatic symptoms.

Introduction: In this research the effect of mood on memory has been studied through an initial and experimental design. The research hypothesis of this survey was based on the fact that dominant mood (depressive disorder or inspired positive or negative mood) leaves related and coordinated effects in respondent behavior on the assigned tasks.Method and materials: To study this hypothesis, a group of eight depressed clients of Arsanjans Imam Reza Counseling-Therapy Center and twenty tour ists from the general population of Arsanjan within three groups (inspired positive mood, inspired negative mood and control group) were selected and studied by use of Beck Depression Questionnaire.Results: The obtained results coordinated with offered hypothesis shows that the structures of emotional processing stimulants have facilitating effects on the performance of memory and the difference between the groups in remembering the assigned tasks has been accepted with a high degree of certainty.

Introduction: Drug abuse has involved many people, particularly from adolescent to middle age, as an unacceptable social habit.  Studies show that drug abuse tendency is influenced by several factors such as individual, social, and familial. Therefore this study was carried out to evaluate the causes of drug abuse tendency in the young population of the city Ardebil.Methods and Material: This research is a descriptive - analytic study based on 90 people (45 addicts and 45 non- addicts) through simple random sampling. The research site was Ardebil City Prison. Instruments for collecting data were SCL- 90 (Depression test) and researcher- edited questionnaire. Only questions related to signs of depression were selected and studied. Also, indicators like family affect environment, social relationships and some individual specialities were used in design and arrangement of researcher- edited questionnaire. Reliability of studied tests were 0.83 and 0.76 with test- retest method .To reach the purposes, inferential statistics of chi-square and logiestic regression was used.Results: This study showed that some variables have more effects on tendency of the young population to drug abuse such as: Depression (4.44 percent), divorce of parents (3.23 percent), friendship with immoral persons (2.59 percent), smoking (2.17 percent) and finally, academic failure (1 .57 percent).Conclusion: Considering the results of this research, the most important individual, social and familial causes of young population tendency to drug abuse are as follows: presence of depressive symptoms, divorce and familial quarrels, relationship with immoral friends, smoking, and academic failure. We can prevent progression of this difficulty by teaching life skills, development of family consulting center, and establishment of art, cultural and technical centre.

Introduction: Patients who undergo surgery experience acute psychological distress in the preoperative period. Several methods are suggested to prevent Preoperating anxiety. Exposure to the operating room and it’s perspnnel a day before operating is one of these methods.Method and Materials: Tubectomy surgery was considered to test cases for preoperative anxiety.Fifty-two patients were selected that had never had any experience in the operating room. Randomly divided into two groups only one group was exposed to the operating room.the day before surgery both groups were tested for anxiety with Hamilton anxiety Scale and Zung-anxiety scale.Results: Mean score of HAM-anx in control group was 22.58 (SD: 10.78) and in intervention group was 17.77 (SD: 9.88) No significant difference was detected between the two groups .The mean score of Zung test in control group was 45.69 (SD: 10.44) and in intervention group was 40.54 (SD: 9.79). No significant difference was detected between the two groups. Corrolatien confidence between two tests was. 83. Conclusion: Exposure of the patient to the operating room and its personnell is not effective on preoperating anxiety of tubectomy.

Introduction: Quality of life (QoL) includes all life functions like feeling, physical,chemical, fatigue and pain functions. This definition is mainly related to changing on life range based on measurement of various body organisms and one of important dimensions of QoL is psychological dimension. As a whole QoL for different people in various situations has different definitions, but it is basically related to personal satisfaction of his her life. Wide studies have shown the vast relationship of psychological disorders with QoL ‏The prevalence rate of psychological diseases in different countries varies from 7.3 to 52.5 percent. In our country, based on accomplished studies, this rate of prevalence is stated between 11.9 to 23.8 percent.Methods and Materials: Regarding the above, this study among Islamic Azad University staff for determining the psychological dimension of their QoL was done, and variables like sex, education al day mees and type of employment were recorded.Sample size was based on preliminary random samples from all University staff. 132 samples were estimated and then by systematic sampling method all cases were investigated. The tool of data collecting of this study is SCL- 90-R. Results: Results show that 33.3% of staffs suffer from one of the psychological disorders which are suprisingly high. This disorder was 23.1% in women and 40% in men. A statistical significant relationship between presence of psychological disorders with sex and type of employment was not seen.Azad University.Conclusion: A statistical significant relationship between the person,s education and presence of psychological disorder was seen In increasing educational levels, the amount of these disorders increased. The rate of psychological disorders in this study has a significant statistical relationship with the country,s -rate (21%), and the prevalence rate in this University, is higher than the country,s rate.The findings reveal that in the country,s policy men and health authorities are responsible in setting psychological health implementing programs.

Introduction: Recently, with the development of new technology, psychiatric problem, such as somatic disorders have increased and recent findings obtained by long- time studies have confirmed the effect of education upon student mental health.Method and Material: This study is a descriptive, analytical type with the aim of investigating the relationship between the education and mental health problem among two groups-first and final– year Jahrom nursing and medical students.The samples consisted of 186 students. Data was collected by questionnaires in two parts. The first part concerned demographic data, and the second part contained 28 multiple choice general health question (GHQ) to measure four mental health conditions, i.e. somatization, anxiety, social function and depression.Results: Data results indicated that there was a meaningful relationship between general health in college students in respect to somatization, anxiety and depression (P, 0.05). The mean score of both groups was shown to increase in social function impairment. Other findings indicated that there was more depression in married groups than in single groups (p<0.05). There was also more social function impairment in male medical students than in females. There was no significant relationship, however, between the mean score of either medical and nursing or female and male students.Conclusion: In respect to the strong relation between mental health and education efficacy, findings showed that in two groups 73.7% were normal from a psychological view, 3.7% showed prominent disorders, and 20.6% were suspicious.