JOURNAL OF FUNDAMENTALS OF MENTAL HEALTH
Year:2016 | Volume:18 | Issue:4 |Papers Count:10

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. This study has been conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of behavioral activation group therapy on attributional styles, depression, and quality of life in women with breast cancer.Materials and Methods: This clinical trial carried out using a pretest-posttest control ‎ group design. Of all the women suffering from breast cancer who referred to Mashhad Omid Hospital in 2015, 30 individuals were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 weeks of behavioral activation group therapy while the control group was put on the waiting list to get treated. Peterson and Seligman Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) were applied in the pretest and posttest. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) by SPSS-22 software.Results: The results demonstrated that behavioral activation group therapy leads to a change in attributional styles (P<0.001), a significant increase in quality of life (P<0.001), and reduced depression (P<0.001) compared to the control group.Conclusion: It seems that behavioral activation group therapy can improve the attributional styles, depression, and quality of life in women with breast cancer.

Introduction: Dependency on substance abuse is a chronic, progressive and destructive disease. The effective psychological on patients beliefs have important role in treatment of this disease. Thus, the present study aims to investigate the effect of the individual metaphor therapy in the irrational beliefs of dependents.Materials and Methods: This study used a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design. The population of the study included all the opioids dependents referred to the MMT centers in Kermanshah, Iran (Spring 2014). Random cluster sampling was conducted and 38 patients were randomly selected to be assigned to either the experimental group or the control one. Millon Multidimensional Personality Inventory and Jones Irrational Beliefs Questioner were utilized as a measurement tool and an individual metaphor therapy as an intervention for experimental group. To compare the differences between the pre and post-intervention scores, a MANOVA was run using SPSS 20.Results: The results of the study revealed that the metaphor therapy is significantly effective in reducing "the need of demand for approval", "high self-expectation", "frustration reactivity", " anxious over concern", and " perfectionism" (P<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that the metaphor therapy can neutralize the patient’s reactions without increasing the anxiety and help the patient through the creation of awareness or reframing his condition, it is suggested to use this therapy for the treatment of cognitive restructuring.

Introduction: Marital satisfaction is one of the most important aspects of compatibility in an adult’s life, which is influenced by several factors. This study has been done with purpose of examination of the mediating role of the couples ’mental health in mental health and marital satisfaction each one.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 228 men and women (57 rural couples and 57 urban couples) were selected among parents of educated students of Payam-e-Noor University, Bonab branch, in academic year of 2010-11through random sampling. Then, Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaire and check list of mental health were implemented for them. The data were analyzed by statistical tests such as independent t-test, Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression.Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between marital satisfaction of males and females, but in this study females had poorer mental health than other one (P<0.05). Partner’s mental health was partly mediated in the relationship between person’s mental health and marital satisfaction (both women and men). In addition, person’s mental health was also independently relevant to marital satisfaction (P<0.001).Conclusion: It seems that improvement of couple's mental health can influence another partner's mental health and couple' marital satisfaction positively.

Introduction: Sex education may differ depending on the cultural norms of each region and country. A great number of studies show that parents play a very important role in talking to their children about sexual matters. In this context, mother’s position is more prominent, and most teenagers especially girls learn about these issues from their mothers. The present research aimed to deeply understand mothers’ experiences from sex education to their daughters.Materials and Methods: It is a qualitative, phenomenological research study, which was conducted using semi-structured interviews and purposive sampling was conducted until reaching the saturation level. The sample consisted of 13 mothers who lived in Mashhad and had 11- to 18-year-old daughters. Semi-structured interviews were adopted for gathering information and data was analyzed using Morse’s content analysis method.Results: Four main themes, each of which had categories and subcategories, were extracted. The main themes were: “education on puberty and menstruation” “education on sexual intercourse” “proper age for sex education” and “proper person for sex education.”Conclusion: In spite of all cultural developments regarding sex education in families, the dominant culture of society and families is still cautious about certain aspects of sex education and the mothers feel insufficiency about it. Hence, planning and implementing educational interventions for enhancing mothers’ knowledge and a coordination between school and home with regard to this issue seem necessary for achieving better results.

Introduction: Following the growing interest in positive psychology, in recent years, research has been rapid growth in forgiveness and its relationship to health. In line with these studies, the purpose of the present study was to assess the role of interpersonal forgiveness in predicting of resilience and pain severity in chronic pain patients.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, 218 patients with chronic pain from several medical centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2014 were selected by convenience sampling. The research instrument was three questionnaires: Interpersonal Forgiveness Inventory (IFI), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI). Data was analyzed using correlation and multiple regressions by SSPS-20.Results: The results showed that interpersonal forgiveness had significantly positive relationship with resilience in chronic pain patients (P<0.05), while it had no significant correlation with pain severity and age in these patients. Moreover, the results of regression analysis showed that interpersonal forgiveness components predict 42 percentages of resilience scores in chronic pain patients.Conclusion: Based on the results of this study development in understanding of concepts in positive adaptability such as interpersonal forgiveness and resilience can help chronic pain patients.

Introduction: According to the prevalence of internet addiction, its consequences and effect of different psychological structures, the present study performed to investigate the relation between attachment styles and internet addiction among college students.Materials and Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive-correlational study includes all students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad who at least spend one semester of their education in academic year of 2015-16.354 individuals were studied using proportional-categorical and simple random sampling. Data collection was performed using Yang internet addiction questionnaires, Kulinse and Rid attachment style and demographic information checklist. Analysis of research data was performed using SPSS software version 19, statistical tests of analysis of variance and multi-regression analysis simultaneously.Results: Overall, the attachment styles could predict internet addiction (P=0.001, F=7.98) and 0.07 of variance of internet addiction can be explained through the attachment styles. In addition, safe (P=0.002) and avoidant styles (P=0.02) directly and ambivalent style (P=0.002) as indirectly can predict internet addiction among college students.Conclusion: Results of this study shows that safe attachment style has positive relation with total score of internet addiction and its six components. This positive relation means the higher scores of safe attachment style among college students are related to their internet addiction.

Introduction: This research conducted to assess the relationship between attachment to parents, moral identity, and self-esteem among female college students.Materials and Methods: The statistical community of this descriptive correlational study included all bachelor female college students of Tabriz University in 2010. So, 289 students of different academic courses were selected by cluster multistage sampling method. All participants were asked to complete Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Inventory of Parent Attachment (IPPA), and Moral Identity Scale. In order to analyze the data, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression method and SPSS software were applied.Results: The results of stepwise multiple regression indicated 3 significant stages. The third stage results indicated that the attachment to parents (trust and alienation), and the internalization subscale of moral identity, predicted 13 percents of the variance related to self esteem (P<0.05, F=12.12, R2=0.12).Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that a parental trust was the best and strongest predictor of self-esteem in female students.

Introduction: According to effectiveness of story-telling in children’s psychological problems, this research conducted to assess the effectiveness of story telling aggression and depression in pre-school children.Materials and Methods: The statistical community of this clinical trial included preschool children (4-6 years) in kindergartens of Saveh city in 2013. So, 40 children selected among those who had high scores of aggression and depression based on Rutter’s children behavioral problems checklist by available sampling method. Then they were divided into two equal experimental and control groups. After implementing the pre-test, the story-telling treatment conducted in 12 sessions with duration of 60 minutes (twice a week) for experimental group. After end of sessions, the post-test and one month later, follow-up test were done. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistics, the variance analysis with repetitious sizes and SPSS software were used.Results: The results showed that pre-test scores of depression and aggression were not different significantlly (P>0.05) but these scores decreased in story-telling group compared to control group (P=0.01) and this effect continoued in follow-up test.Conclusion: It seems that story-telling can reduce preschool children’s aggression and depression and it can be used as an effective technique for behavioral disorders in children.