Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Year:2003 | Volume:10 | Issue:36-37|Papers Count:10

During the past 20 years it has been experienced that some patients with antiphosholiid antibodies may develop recurrent vascular thromboses, repeated fetal loss or thrombocytopenia. Anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) are the main antibodies associated with the antiphospholipid syndrom. The association of ACA with coronary heart disease (CHD) has been noticed in several studies but it still remains controversial. This study aimed to determine the importance of level and prevalence of serum ACA (IgG) in patients with CHD.The study population consisted of 56 healthy subjects and 112 CHD patients. Since the levels of ACA might have been modified by the presentation and severity of CHD, their levels in patients with different manifestation of CHD were measured.There were 30 patients with unstable angina and 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and 52 patients with angiographically verified CHD. Samples were taken from patients within 24 hours of admission.ACA (IgG) was detected by ELISA.High ACA(IgG) levels were found in 7 patients (6.3%»)and 3 healthy subjects (5.4%). However, the titer and prevalence of ACA did not differ among the patient groups and control subjects. On the other hand, the ACA (IgG) titers showed no correlation with age, gender and risk factor profile (diabetes mellitus, smoking habits, hyperlipidemia).Measurement of ACA in CHD patients is unlikely to yield information that is diagnostically or prognostically important. The importance of serum ACA levels in the natural history and prognosis of CHD is still undetermined and remains to be clarified. Large prospective trials with long follow-up periods will be necessary to define the relationship between ACA and CHD.

Seizure with fever is the most common convulsive disorder among children. This occurs in 2-4% of children of 6 months to 5 years-old and is often associated with upper respiratory infections. Prognosis is excellent, but a few number of patients are affected with epilepsia afterward.This study is a case - control one for which children (N= 120) of 3 months to 7 years-old with febrile convulsion hospitalized in Ilam Imam khomeini hospital were selected as the case group, meanwhile, the control group covered 120 children hospitalized for other reasons in 2001. Questionnaires were used to gather the needed data. In case group, 58% male, 41.7 % female and in control group 47.5% male and 52.5% female were assessed.The findings implied a significant correlation between febrile convulsion and sex (p =0.092) Positive family history for convulsion without fever in case group was 14.2% while it was 5% in control group (significant correlation (P =0.01586).So, family history of febrile convulsion in case group was 24.2% and 6.7% in control group( significant correlation (P = 0.00017).The attack rate increased to 3.1 ( OR = 3.1). 89.2% of convulsions tonic colonic, 3.3% tonic and 7.5% focal gastroenterities. In 48.3% of patients, upper respiratory infections 43.3%, otitis media in 1.7% and vaccination in 1.7% of cases were the causes of fever.

Streptococcal infection with commonest etiology of streptococcus ß -hemolytic group A is one of the common infectious diseases of 5-15 years old children.To determine the percentage of streptococal in group A carriers among Qazvin students of secondary schools, samples from throats of 299 students of 10-16years-old were collected and cultured. Questionnaires were also completed. The streptococca-hemolytic group A were isolated as described by C.D.C (central diseases control) 53 students (18%) were diagnosed as healthy carriers of the bacteria most of whom were girls (66% of carriers). (p<0/005)The current study showed a moderate elevation in the numbers of streptococcal-hemolytic Group-A carriers compared with other studies covering all age groups. Also, the influence of sex and class density on the number of carriers was significant.

Lorazpam which is one of GABA argic A.B receptors of the Benzodiazepines compile group was studied in view of morphogenesis, histologically and histochemically with dosage of 2mg, 4mg /kg/day compared with control group. In this study, 350 rat embryos (Whistar) of 9 to 17 days of gestation were used. After fixation, they were sectioned serially and stained with Toluidine-blue, H+E, Trichromemasson's, Paraldehyde fushin, in order to find out histochemically the extracellular material exchange and cellular activity.The results: 1-During stage of 9-14 days of gestation no difference or malformation proved significant morphologically and histochemically between two groups of experiments and control group. 2-in stages of 14-17 days of embryo, specially in 4mg/kg/day experiments lorazpam administrated, significantly morphometric difference was observed in height(p<0/05), weight(p,0.01)with control group, whereas malformation of limbs specially in hands, joints, eyes, ears, and body formations were observed in all embryo. 3-In histological & histochimecal study on bone formation in the palate (primary & secondary). Differences in bone growing were significant, the amount of Ca++ and phosphates was vigorously more deposited in the region and stained sharply with special days. Deformity of face and head region also appeared because of elastic band formation in hard palate. Formation in protein synthesis in faster growing of hard palate had caused palate undetachment from the tongue. Tongue, was attached to hard palate causing deformity in face and lower jaw and hard palate culminating in head conical and attachment of shoulder skin to lower part of the jaw.At the end of administration of lorazpam during the second half of the life of embryo, protein synthesis acceleration was proved and its effect on the growth hormon was sole treatagenic.

Psychological stress is considered a psychosocial problem to which people's reactions vary nowadays. Suicide commitments and attempts are two common such reactions. This study deals with stress-causing events. effective in attempts of suicide in Ilam during 1997-1998. The research is a cross-sectional descriptive one with an accessible sampling.The studied cases included 184 ones with behaviour of suicide attempt. An equal number was selected as the control group. Questionnaires or pickle et al events' forms were used to called the needed data. According to the findings the most considerable stress-causing events were; family problems, conflicts and physical punishments, over-confinement of people's behaviours, family friction and diseases, losing valuable properties, financial problems and joblessness, failure at exams, failed marriage procedures, law disobediences and other unknown factors.Considering the achieved results the following measure scan decrease ,and prevent suicide as well as the social loss rate:recognising people at riskholding training courses for familiesbuilding up psychiatric, psychological and therapeutic teamsconsultations and improving socio-economic support systems

As safe water plays a vital role in man's life, a direct fundamental correlation between its maintenance and public health as well as its promotion can never be ignored. Feeling an essential need, this cross-sectional descriptive study was aimed at considering the ways of supplying safe water such as water supply sources, ways of transfer, reservation, distribution and disinfection methods at rural areas in 2000. Questionnaires were used to gather the needed data at all the 432 villages of the province.According to the findings, the maximum accessible water sources (93.3%) were at Aiwan rural parts while the minimum such accessibility (64.4%) was at Dehloran villages. Further more, 129 villages used gravity transferring system, 167 pumpage system and inhabitants of 39 villages maintained their water through springs and wells using manual transferring. All the villages with healthy water were equipped with built-in-ground reservers. Of all, only 77.55% enjoyed chlorination system. In all the areas, underground sources were the main suppliers. Taking the gathered data and suitable organization along with appropriate planning, the existing problem of safe water, particularly its safety and the chlorination procedure, can be met.

Some epidemiologic studies have suggested that the ingestion of caffeine increases the risk of spontaneous abortion but the results have been inconsistent. Fetal loss is strongly related to tobacco smoking and heavy consumption of alcohol. The risk of spontaneous abortion was rather strongly proved to be associated with caffeine intake. Records of smoking and caffeine drinking were analysed as potential confounding variables in this study.About half of spontaneous abortions are chromosomal ones. This diversity allows application of two criteria to assess causality: (1) an association specific to a particular type of loss and (2) the time of exposure conception with pathogenesis. Exposure to caffeine after conception cannot cause aberrations.In this control study case, 562 women with spontaneous abortion, all of 6 to 12 completed weeks of gestational age were considered and compared with 953 women with the same gestational age of no abortion. The relation between caffeine consumption as well as spontaneous abortion and chromosomal aberrations search looked for any odds ratios for fetal loss was calculated for both high and moderate caffeine consumption. Multivariate analysis was used to estimate the relative risks associated with the results. Among nonsmokers, more spontaneous abortions occurred in women who ingested at least 100mg of caffeine per day than in women who ingested less than 100mg per day, with an increase in risk related to the amount ingested.Among smokers, caffeine ingestion was not associated with an excessive of spontaneous abortion. When the analyses were stratified according to the results of karyotyping, the ingestion of moderate or high levels of caffeine was found to be associated with an excessive risk of spontaneous abortion when the fetus had a normal or unknown karyotype but not during the fetal karyotype abnormality.These data suggest that caffeine may be the responsible agent for fetal loss. Products such as coffee, tea, chocolate and cola beverages contain caffeine. Therefore, it seems of value to inform both the scientific community and the consumer of the potential effects of excessive caffeine consumption, particularly by pregnant women. This research documents an increased risk of spontaneous abortion associated with caffeine consumption during pregnancy. However, overwhelming evidence indicates that caffeine is not a human teratogen. More research is needed before unambiguous statements on the effects of caffeine on pregnancy outcome variables can be made. Does the relation between fetal loss and caffeine intake takes effect before pregnancy?

Menopause is a part of each woman's life. That, due to a decrease in ovarian hormones, causes a permanent stopping of menstruation. It has such various complications that affect a menopaused woman's abilities and life style.In this cross-sectional descriptive study, to assess the menopausal prevalence and related factors, 306 women were interviewed, weighed and height-measured at Mostafa khomeini hospital in 2001.The findings proved that the most Complications of menopause respectively stood for bone disorders (84.5%), asleep disturbances (62.5%), body irritation (37.5%), skin shrinkage (35.08%), nervous incitability (27.2%), cardio-vascular diseases(35.9%), whereas the least complication s went for involuntary urination (3.9%), vaginal abnormal bleeding (2.95%), anxiety (1.96%), alopecia (1.96%) and painful sexual intercourse. Further more, a significant correlation was noticed between such complications and factors such as age, financial status, menopausal age, B.M.I and O.C.P consumption, (P<0.05). There was also a significant correlation between menopausal duration and its complications, (P<0.01). No correlation was proved between such side-effects and living-place, pregnancy times, physical exertion, smoking or using dairy products.Considering the results at this research, to decrease the amount of women's problems, a promotion in their knowledge as well as providing them with free-of charge preventing drugs can manage the menopausal complications.