Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences
Year:2002 | Volume:9 | Issue:32-33|Papers Count:9

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are considered a worldwide health problem. IDD was regarded as a care-needed health. Problem in Iran, Thus a national IDD council was set up in 1989 when a national survey was performed. One of the main strategies of this council to control IDD was to provide at least 150 mg of iodine per day for the entire population through providing the society with available iodized salt. This study was performed to evaluate the national IDD council achievements at rural and urban areas of Ilam in 1996. 1400 8-10 year old schoolchildren including, 50% girls and 50% boy, were randomly selected. Grading of goiter was performed according to WHO’s classification. Serums T3 and T4 were measured by RLA and urinary iodine by digestion method. The means for serums T4 and T3 were: 9.4+1.6 mg/dl and 148+83 mg/dl respectively. There were no differences of them between male and female schoolchildren of rural or urban areas. Two children had serum T4 more than 12.5 mg/dl. The mean urinary iodine was 69 mg/dl in entire population, 94% had urinary iodine more than 10 mg/dl. Only 2.5% had urinary iodine less than 5 mg/dl. Total prevalence of goiter was 83% (93% in girls and 80% in boys). Based on the available data, urinary iodine of school children in Ham province showed no evidence of iodine deficiency. Seven years after generalized use of iodized salt and 2 years after that more than 50% of the population had used iodized salt, however, goiter is still considered hyperendemic in the area.

Cryptosporidiosis is an infection of digestive system mostly caused by c. parvum. This limited parasitic infection may produce severe fatal diseases. In immunodeficient patients, in order to control the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis among children (under 12 years) suffering from diarrhea in Ham, a study was accomplished over a one year period.Stool specimen of 980 children were examined by modified Zheil Nelson method. The test results showed that %3 suffered from Cryp. Infection. It is concluded that diagnosis of asymptomatic carriers play an important role in promoting a desired public health.

This descriptive research is aimed at determination of hypertension prevalence among workers aged over 40 in Ham province in 1998. 342 people including 279 males and 63 females were selected by a randomized sampling. The samples hypertensions were measured according to the standard method using sphygomanometer. Body mass indexes were also calculated by careful weighing and height measuring. Life-style variables were collected through questionnaires. Systolic blood pressure over 140 mmhg and diastolic blood pressure over 90 mmhg were regarded as hypertension. The results showed that average SBP was 133/25 mmhg and average DBP was 80/67 mmhg. 32/25 percent had SBP and 30/7 percent had DB? There was a statistic significant relation between blood pressure and variables such as age, sex, job, family size, health history, smoking, diet and BMI, (p<0.05). Considering the findings, a hypertension control program is suggested at all the three levels.

In this study Balb/c mice macrophages and human monocytes were collected and cultured in six groups in 96-well microplates containing RPMI- 1640 separately. The first group involved macrophages, C.albicans and rIFN-y, whereas its control group (the second group) contained macrophages, C.albicans and NG-MMLA. The third group received macrophages and C.albicans whereas its control group (the fourth) included macrophages, C.albicans and NG-MMLA. The fifth group had only macrophages and its control group (the sixth) involved macrophages and NG-MMLA.The same protocol was repeated for human monocytes separated on ficoll and incubated in 96-plate for adherency. The plates were incubated in 5% Co2 for 4hs at 37.c, then supernatant of each well was removed and NO. production was assessed by Griess method.Macrophages and monocyetes were laysed by distilled water and 1% BSA and each well was plated on sabauraud dextrose agar. The number of colony forming unit (CFU)was registered after 48 hours of incubation at 37.c.Statistical analysis resulted in a difference between experimental and control groups in NO production and killing of C.albicans (p<0.05).NO. production and candida killing percent was higher in experimental than that of the control groups (p<0.05). The results proved the role of NO. in candidacidal and candidastatic in mouse macrophages and human monocytes.

Malaria is considered a major problem to health and a socioeconomic obstacle in tropical and semitropical countries. So, it needs to be studied by some new and efficient approaches in various fields.Among all the seven Anophele vector species in Iran, Anophele superpictus is the only dominant vector of malaria found at different parts of Ilam. To evaluate the susceptibility level of this species to insecticides DDT 4%, Malathion 5% and Lambdacyhallothrin 0.1%, as recommended by WHO ,a complete course of susceptibility tests with adult anophele superpictuses were performed in Ilam, in 1999.The method included application of an hour exposure diagnostic dose and a round-the-clock recovery period. The results showed this species is susceptible to the above mentioned insecticides and ensues more than 99% mortality in the Anopheles population. Therefore considering all the aspects of effectiveness, Lamdacyhallothrin is suggested the best to control the malaria vectors.

In order to determine the sero- epidemiological characteristics of patients with brucellosis, a total of 12816 cases were studied. The data were collected from Sina and Ekbatan hospitals from 1996 to 1998 in Hamadan city.In this study, the results of serological tube tests including Wright, Coombs Wright and 2M.E with titres from 1:160 to 1:5120 were considered. The rapid and tube tests with a titre 1:80 were not included. The results of blood cultures of the patients were compared with the results of sero - agglutination tests. The frequency distribution of age, sex, seasons and clinical signs were also studied. Of 12816 patients examined for serological tube tests, 559 cases (4.4%) were positive with titres from 1:160 to 1:5120 including 35.5% for 1:160, 28.8% (1 : 640), 12.1% (1 :1280) and 1.5% (1 :2560). Of 217 blood cultures, 6 cases (2.8%) were positive for Brucella sp. (3 for B. melitensis, 2 for B. abortus and 1 for B. sp.). The most frequent clinical signs were fever (75/9%) and backache (62/2%) respectively. Due to the unsuccessful approaches to isolate Brucella species, it is suggested to perform the other serological tests such as ELISA and IFA to diagnose brucellosis.

This cross-sectional descriptive research was accomplished to assess the consent of nursing staff towards the head-nurses action among the governmental hospitals of Ilam town. The studied cases included 118 people selected out of the three hospitals of the town.The findings implied that the most percent of the studied units (47.5%) were satisfied with whatever prepared as facilities and equipments by the head -nurses, while the least (12.7%) stood for the way they would consider the staffs financial and official problems. Further more, 43.2% of the cases expressed their consent over the head-nurses observation and supervision at the wards, 42.4% over creating a favorite climate at work and 22.9% over preparing accommodations for them. The final analysis of the results showed the fact of some indifference among the nursing staff, as the majority of the cases 58.5% voiced no idea toward the head-nurses action. More consideration is recommended upon the issue.

For years, some researchers have considered. Hodgkin’s disease an infection or inflammatory disease, but later on the Reed- Sternberg cells characteristic of the disorder proved to be monoclonal and aneuploid, so they can form tumors in immunocompromised animals, characteristic of a malignant disorder. The two sisters of our study are 19 and 17 years old. The elder case of Hodgkin’s disease was diagnosed at the age of 13 with nodular sclerosis type, and the younger got the mixed cellularity type 4 years later, on the age of 15. Concordance of the disorder in these 2 sisters and the other studies strongly indicate that genetic susceptibility is responsible for familial clustering of Hodgkin’s disease (1,2). However, epidemiologic and microbiologic data suggest the role of environmental factor on the pathogenesis of the disease. It is relevant that patients with a history of infectious mononucleosis are three times more in the risk of Hodgkin’s disease. While evidence of intracellular EBV genome appears in the large majority of mixed cellularity Hodgkin’s disease, it is present in only a minority of nodular sclerosis. Some findings report the prevalence among higher social classes with low - membered families.