JOURNAL OF ILAM UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Year:2011 | Volume:19 | Issue:1|Papers Count:12

Introduction: Pulmonary complication of IBD include airway inflammation involving small and large airways, pulmonary paranchymal disease, and serositis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) possible abnormality in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.Materials & Methods: In this cross sectional study, during spring and summer of 2006, PFT (spirometry & body box plethysmography) of 50 UC patients were compared to 50 healthy people of the same age and sex (control). Data collection forms including demographic specification and UC condition were filled. Out, and then analyzed by SPSS 10.Findings: Mean age was 37.2 (SD=14.57). Active UC was seen in 24.3% of patients. 24.9% of the patients had severe UC. PFT result demonstrated; 100% air trapping (only increase in Residual Volume/Total Lung Capacity); 20% small airway obstructive pattern (only decrease in maximal expiratory flow at 25-75% of vital capacity); 12% restrictive ventilation defect; 2% obstructive airway; 2% hyperinflation and 6% upper airway obstructive pattern. There was a significant relationship between small airway obstructive pattern and duration of UC, (PV<0.05), and no relationship between other pulmonary disorders and severity, activity, duration of UC was observed.Discussion & Conclusion: According to high prevalence of air trapping, small airway disease may be the prominent feature of lung involvement in UC patients. Therefore, a meticulous work-up for respiratory diseases seems necessary in UC patients.

Introduction: Application of crude hydatid (HCF) cyst fluid antigen for the diagnosis of cystic hydatid (CH) is a method which along with immediate serological investigation can be helpful and effective in rapid treatment of the disease. However, there is no standard, highly sensitive, and specific serological test for antibody detection in cases of human CE yet. The current study aimed to evaluate the cross- reactivity of human IgG against human crude hydatid fluid antigens compared to B fraction of sheep cystic fluid antigen in order to find the target antigens with the highest IgG class, IgG subclass.Materials & Methods: This is an analytical case-control study using human crude HCF as the source of antigen for performing ELISA and Western blotting. Sample sera used in present work were collected from patients who recently had hydatid surgery in hospitals of Tehran, Hamadan and Ilam cities as human case group together with some human or animal sera with no history of hydatidosis with negative HCF using ELISA and IFAT as control group. Briefly, the required antigen was extracted and prepared from human hydatid fluid cysts. 30 positive samples sera from human sources were used as the case together with 30 healthy sera as control group. Hydatid cyst fluid antigen preparation was carried out according to the procedure described by Mamuti, et al, with slight modifications. ELISA method was carried out as described by Verastegui.Findings: The highest mean OD value in response to human HCF antigen was related to IgG4, while the lowest to IgG3. The sensitivity and specificity of ELISA test used for evaluating the responses of human total IgG to HCF antigen were 100 and 95.8% respectively. Cross-reaction of human IgG class and subclasses responses was found for both antigens with the best reaction against human HCF antigen compared to antigen B using a ratio of mean OD value to each antigen divided by the cut-off point value for the same antigen.Discussion & Conclusion: Human sera showed a considerable cross-reactivity against human HCF antigens and antigen B by ELISA test. The best human IgG subclass response against all antigens was found to be IgG4.

Introduction: Exercise therapy has been a part of intervention for treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). However, researches on the effectiveness of exercise therapy on dynamic posture control are of little scope.Materials & Methods: The subjects of this research were 24 participants affected with PFPS, whom were divided into two groups. To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise therapy on dynamic posture, the Star Excursion Posture Test (SEBT) was used. VOS scale was used for the evaluation of the perceived pain level.Findings: The subjects with PFPS demonstrated an increased percentage of reach distance and pain decrease after the exercise therapy in contrast to the control group, (p<0.05).Discussion & Conclusion: Although exercise therapy seemed to improve SEBT performance of participants with PFPS, the exact mechanisms of this phenomenon can not be explained in this study. Further researches are expected to investigate the mechanisms of this phenomenon.

Introduction: Manpower planning is noticed as a main element of health planning. Manpower is of the most important hospital investments and resources and its unavilability can affect the quality of medical services. This study was accomplished to assess the necessary manpower for the hospitals affiliated to Ilam University of Medical Sciences in accordance with the personnel criteria and standards of the Health Ministry and proposal model.Materials & Methods: This research is a cross sectional-descriptive study accomplished through Hospitals of Ilam University of Medical Sciences in 2008. Data was collected using 5 checklists from all the clinical, paraclinical, financialadministrative and supportive departments in of the investigated hospital. Data was analyzed according to the personnel criteria and standards of the Iranian Ministry of Health, proposal model, SPSS, and Excel softwares.Findings: The results obtained from the estimations about 62 wards of the studied hospitals, as well as comparing them with the existing conditions shows that based on the ministry of health standards, only 7 wards (11.29%) corresponded to such standards, 7 wards (11.29%) higher, and 48 wards (77.42%) lower than the standards. Moreover, regarding the proposal model standards, 12 wards (19.35%) were in accordance with these standards, 17 wards (27.41%) higher and 33 wards (55.32%) lower than the standards. The organizational dislocation of Imam Khomeini, Mustafa Khomeini and Talaghany Hospitals were 16, 14 and 3 organizational positions, respectively.Discussion & Conclusion: Generally, the studied hospitals were found to lack manpower, where distribution of manpower was not appropriate either. Proper planning and management of manpower to compensate the hospitals manpower lacks and promot it to standard levels. A fact that would lead to an increase in the efficiency and effectiveness of hospitals activities.

Introduction: Hepatitis B infection is a considerable health problem throughout the world involving more than 2 billions people. It is estimated that over 370 million people are chronic carriers of HBV worldwide. It has been revealed that 3% of Iranian populations are chronic carriers of this virus. The current study aimed to detect HBV DNA amongst some HBsAg negative individuals as chronic carriers of HBV using sera as a source of infection in Ilam (western Iran).Materials & Methods: In a case–control study, the viral DNA in sera of 70 healthy individuals as case group was evaluated during 2009-10. Samples were tested using PCR and Real Time PCR while for some immunological evaluations Elisa was performed using sera of healthy people.Findings: All the 70 individuals (100%) in control group were HBsAg positive, while in the case group, only 2 people (2.8%) were HBsAg positive. 3 individuals in case group were positive using PCR and Real Time PCR, indicating that about 7% of healthy individuals were chronic carriers of HBV.Discussion & Conclusion: It was concluded that seronegative HBsAg indicating individuals can be carriers of HBV-DNA. Therefore, ELISA test of HBsAg can not alone be a reliable approach to diagnose hepatitis B in people without or with chronic H.B. As a result, Medical doctors are expected to apply other diagnostic methods such as molecular approaches to detect the disease.

Introuduction: Fish is a precious food, since it has the most valuable proteins, mineral substances, vitamins, and a particular fat known as omega3.The World Health Organization(WHOW has mentioned it one of the efficient factors in preventing heart-problems and apoplexy diseases. It is advised to use fish at least twice a week. This investigation is to explain why people do not use the recommended amount based on the goal-directed behavioral model.Materials & Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. To choose the samples, the areas of the city were divided into 3 zones, considering their culturo-economical status. 300 families were studied in each zone randomly. To collect the needed information, a questionnaire was used and filled out by interviewed people. Validity of the questionnaire was determined through the panel of experts and reliability was determined by Alpha Cronbakh.Findings: According to the obtained results, only 15.8% of families use fish twice a week. Except the people's views on using fish, the rate at variables in the goaldirected behavioral model was low. There are some obstacles in using fish; the fish consumption dietary habits of Iranian families, people's unawarenss about what WHO has advised, highness of the price, inaccessibility, and bad taste.Discussion & Conclusion: Promoting the level of public view to the advantages of using fish, encouraging people to use fish constantly through the media and the authorities, advertising widely to set the fish consumption in daily food diets of families, reducing the prices of the products, making various aquatic products available, and using some techniques to remove unpleasant odor and fish bones can play an important role in using this source of protein.

Introduction: Bone minerals density indicates condition of minerals in bone. Loss of bone minerals density may cause osteoporosis and its phenomenons. Individual characteristics such as age, gender, weight, BMI, nutrition and lifestyle are great factors affecting the bone minerals density. Despite extensive studies done in this matter, yet, there are ambiguities and questiones about effects of individual characteristics on bone minerals density. This study aimed to study the relationship of body mass index and bone minerals density among boys of Ilam.Materials & Methods: The samples of this study were 60 children of Ilam selected at random. Frist, using scale and a meter–tape, we measured weight and length and then BMI, next, bone minerals density of children (in femur neck and lumbar spine area) using DXA machine. The date was analyzed by SPSS software.Findings: Results demonstrated that between BMI and BMD (in femur neck and lumbar spine area) of children, there was a direct and significant association.Discussion &Conclusion: The results of this study prove the necessity of weight and BMI control to increase bone minerals density. Taking proper steps to increase bone minerals density in childhood have significant effect in prevention of bone problems as osteoporosis in adult and senility ages. Whereas overweight is of great risk factors interfering in cardiovascular diseases, proper BMI or prevention of atrophy is suggested to have a good bone density.

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a Zoonotic disease caused by monocellular parasite species of leishmania genus. This disease could emerge as any of the three forms of cutaneous, muco-cutaneous and visceral (kala-azar) and the range of its clinical signs varies from a self-limited cutaneous lesion to late-onset muco-cutaneous involvement or a lethal systemic disease. Leishmaniasis is considered a public health problem in many countries throughout the world, especially in tropical and sub tropical areas and most the provinces of Iran. It is of specific importance to be aware of epidemiologic features of the disease as a prerequisite to implement control measures. This study was carried out to identify the epidemiologic status of Leishmaniasis (frequency and distribution of cases by gender, age, clinical manifestations mode of transmission).Materials & Methods: The present study is a descriptive and cross-sectional study in which the samples were obtained through house-to-house counting in high- risk areas including clients of health care centres in other areas. Suspicious skin lesions were examined after obtaining adequate specimens and staining with Giemsa stain through direct microscopy.Findings: Out of all the 300 cases identified, 191 (63.6%) were due to local –transition most of whom were related to Poldokhtare district (178 cases; 59.3%) and the rest were transferred-in cases. From 300 cases of disease A, 77 cases (25.7%) were reported from urban areas and 223 cases (74.3%) were found in rural areas. Most the cases were of 10 to 40 years old range.Discussion & Conclusion: Regarding recent outbreaks of the disease, local transmission pattern in Poldokhtar district and in smaller scales in Kuhdasht and Delfan districts and imported cases of the disease from other provinces, cutaneous Leishmaniasis remains a public health threat in the future and a multi-sectional approach through proper use of all measures available is required to keep it from spreading in order to reduce adverse health and economic consequences of this disease, (particularly imported cases from Bam districts) and the presence of potentials of epidemiologic change of the disease in the province due to geographical situation and high frequency of the vector and populations turn-over (specialty growing and emigration of workers to endemic regions) sub – urbanization.

Introduction: Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common type of salivary gland tumors. That may rarely be found elsewhere such as skin, palate, maxillary sinus, nasal septum, larynx, tracheobronchus, lung, lacrimal gland, and breast.Materials & Methods: We present, herein, the case of a 47-year-old woman found to have a pleomorphic adenoma, or the so-called mixed tumor, of the breast. The patient presented a hard mass, 3cm in diameter, located just beneath the left areola. Physical examinations suggested a diagnosis of breast carcinoma.Findings: The results of both ultrasonography and mammography indicated a benign neoplasm. Microscopic examinations of an excisional biopsy specimen finally confirmed the diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma.Discussion & Conclusion: As it is a rare benign tumor, pleomorphic adenoma of the breast has been mistaken for a malignant tumor clinically, mammographically, cytologically, and even by frozen section. Thus, an awareness of this disease in the breast will help to prevent misdiagnosis and overaggressive surgery.