Ulum-i Hadith
Year:2007 | Volume:12 | Issue:1 (43)|Papers Count:8

Aban's Sahiha is a report on diyya (blood-money). According to it men and women's blood money will be equal if it is less than one third of full blood-money, if not, women's blood money will decrease into the half of it. This is told by hnam Sadiq, peace be upon him, to Aban. Considering his surprise, hnam Sadiq, peace be upon him, asked him not to make any comparison between them.Aban's Sahiha has been linked up with many general issues of deduction. Some of them which are discussed in this paper are as follows: paralogism, right of priority, reliability of intellects judgment, possibihty of discovering criteria for issuing legal deeds, legitimacy of amputation, and so on.Viewing this report from different perspectives, the author of the present paper tries to illustrate its impact on understanding religious deeds.

In this paper, the writer tries to analyze a hadith (i.e. tradition) on the virtues which is attributed to Imam Ali (p.b.u.h). According to this hadith, the cardinal virtues are: wisdom, courage, temperance, and justice. Tracing this tradition the author wants to show that this tradition is a brief account of Greek virtue ethics rather than Islamic ethics, and also is a translation of Socratic and Platonic thoughts on virtues. He first analyses the meaning of arête (virtue) in Greek culture, and the importance of those above mentioned four virtues. Then he describes the transmission of these virtues into Islamic culture and their acceptance by some Muslim ethicists. Finally he compares these virtues with the main virtues introduced and emphasized by the Holy Quran and argue that this tradition is, probably, defective and apocryphal one.

"Whenever you find a fly in your bowl, make it float, since there is illness in one of its wings and cure in another one. Fly gives priority to poison and postpones cure.”This hadith is one of the most challenging reports which have been found in the sunni original hadith collections and Shiite non-original sources. Reliability and unreliability of this hadith has been the main concern of many discussions and has provided some different views regarding this haith. The author of the present article investigates the position of the above mentioned hadith in the Sunni and Shiite hadith books. He also analyzes the presented views in this regard and concludes that the earliest source of this hadith are of the Sunni origin and such a hadith with a reliable chain of documents is not found in the reliable Shiite hadith books.

In this article, the author deals with a hadith which is known as Akilat al-Khazir. Investigating different sources of this report, he points to the distinction which exists in different types of its transmission. He then studies views rendered by the interpreters of this haith concerning its meaning and makes a note of variation which exist in their point of views. Looking into the content of this hadith - which makes an indication of right and wrong concept - the author tries to illustrate the similarity existing between the content of this hadith and concept of right and wrong in Manichaean school of thought.

The West of Islamic World along with Hejaz, Syria and Iraq besides Iran has formed the three major regions, in the field of Sunni hadith development, in different periods of Islamic history.This witting is a brief account of the Sunni hadith activities in the West of Islamic World. The author first deals with the main efforts made by the great Western hadith scholars and their outstanding works as well as the role of the West and East of Islamic world in disseminating hadith. Demonstrating the Western studies in the field of hadith scholarship, the author views outflow of hadith into the West and its entry in addition to its development from a geographical perspective and also make a mention of some characteristics of these hadith centers.  

Definitions of work interpretation are often old, concept-oriented, value-centered partial, selective, simplifier, ambiguous and inefficient. The author of the present paper tries to illustrate the above mentioned deficiencies in the present definitions consequently, provides a realistic, objective, new and efficient definition of work interpretations and displays the hidden features and reflected aspects of this interpretation method.After reporting, classifying and analyzing the present definitions, the author, in the light of theories of rationalism and revelations, divides the Quran's commentaries into two great groups: rational commentaries and revelationistic commentaries and defines each of them separately and determines the status of work interpretation and enumerates the characteristics of this interpretation method. Adoption of descriptive approach instead of normative and prescriptive approach is the main characteristic of this research paper which distinguishes it from other research papers.

The present text is a critical review of the book "al Mouduat fi’l Akhbar wa'l Athar " written by Ashim Ma'ruf al Hasani. The above mentioned book is a contemporary work which is concerned with fabricated hadiths and is criticized at length by this paper.The author of this paper tries to prove that though some mter- and intra- religious conspiracies have polluted the field of hadith scholarship but it does not mean that all the hadith collections are filled with fabricated hadiths and those who carefully studied hadith books in order to find fabricated hadiths , could not find many radical fabricated hadiths. Lack of high precision and transparency of principles and also lack of criteria for finding fabricated hadiths and carelessness in finding examples for these criteria have led to unscientific and wrong judgments concerning these hadiths.

The Shiite Infallible Imams hadiths reported by the Sunni reporters and their authenticity are of the most important issues which are discussed by hadith scholars in the field of diraya (hadith scholarship) and fiqh (jurisprudence). Generally speaking, we can divide the Shilte hadith scholars into two groups: those who are against the reliability of authenticated hadith and those who are for. Ismai Bn Abi Ziyyad Sukuni is one of the Sunni reporters who has transmitted many reports from Imam Sadiq, peace be upon him, especially in the field of fiqh (jurisprudence).the more we have information about this reporter, the better we can verify reliability of his reports which are found in the Shiite hadith sources. In light of Sukuni's reliability which has been confirmed by the Shiite thinkers and his reports which are practiced by jurisprudents, it is wise to conclude that the reports transmitted by him are reliable and trustworthy.