Espionage in International Law and State Responsibility

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AMINZADEH ELHAM; Lohrasbi Amir

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: PUBLIC LAW STUDIES QUARTERLY Year:2021 | Volume:51 | Issue:3 Page(s): 973-994

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Espionage in International Law and State Responsibility

Author(s)

AMINZADEH ELHAM | Lohrasbi Amir | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Attribution

Espionage

International Law

International Wrongful Act

Intelligence Gathering

State Responsibility

Abstract

Governments have always sought to obtain the secret and strategic intelligence of other countries in order to protect national security and respond to domestic and international threats, thereby applying their covert policies in the target country. This, in most cases, inflicts numerous injuries on the victim country. But the question is, can Espionage make the government responsible for that act? Given the absence of any regulations in International Law on Espionage, there is a strong disagreement over the legal status of Espionage. The present study first elucidates the position of Espionage in International Law and then assesses the Attribution of Espionage to the responsible State. Finally, the terms of the international courts' proceedings and alternative measures are analyzed. Research results show that Espionage is a wrongful international act because of its incompatibility with the principles of International Law, but it is not usually possible to take legal action in international courts. The best solution is to use political ways and countermeasures in Espionage cases.

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APA: Copy

AMINZADEH, ELHAM, & Lohrasbi, Amir. (2021). Espionage in International Law and State Responsibility. PUBLIC LAW STUDIES QUARTERLY, 51(3 ), 973-994. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/1052269/en

Vancouver: Copy

AMINZADEH ELHAM, Lohrasbi Amir. Espionage in International Law and State Responsibility. PUBLIC LAW STUDIES QUARTERLY[Internet]. 2021;51(3 ):973-994. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/1052269/en

IEEE: Copy

ELHAM AMINZADEH, and Amir Lohrasbi, “Espionage in International Law and State Responsibility,” PUBLIC LAW STUDIES QUARTERLY, vol. 51, no. 3 , pp. 973–994, 2021, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/1052269/en

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