Reproducibility of world events based on the cosmological cycle in astronomy and its applications in Islamic philosophy

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ANVARI SAEED

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Journal Paper

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Journal: TARIKH-E ELM Year:2022 | Volume: | Issue: Page(s): 197-225

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Title

Reproducibility of world events based on the cosmological cycle in astronomy and its applications in Islamic philosophy

Author(s)

ANVARI SAEED | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Cosmological cycleQ4

periodic movement of a starQ4

Repetition of the events of the world Ratq and FatqQ4

SuhrwardīQ4

The World YearQ4

Abstract

The orbit of the stars and planets is considered a principle in ancient physics, according to which, after a long period of time, the celestial bodies return to their original position relative to each other. Because according to the perspective of ancient naturalists, the spherical worlds influence the formation of events in the material world, With the resumption of the astronomical conditions in relation to each other, similar events will happen in the world under the moon. This period of time is called Ayam al-Alam (times of the world), which is discussed more in the works of Abu Ma’shar Balkhi and Abu Reyhan Biruni. In this article, with the historical description of this point of view, the types of the Cosmological cycle and its relationship with the science of astronomical rules are stated. In Islamic philosophy, the theory of the repetition of world events based on distance and blindness has been examined mainly in the treatises of Ikhwan al-Safa and the works of Suhrawardi and his commentators, such as Shahrezuri, and they have proposed theological uses for it, which include: A witness to the permanence of divine emanation, An explanation of the eternity of the universe and the non-eternity of the creatures of the material world, a description of the theory of resurrection and reincarnation, An explanation of how to achieve occult knowledge, A presupposition in the interpretation of some verses and hadiths, as they have adapted Ratgh and Fatgh to this discussion. In this article, by criticizing the repeatability of world events based on cosmic periods, it has been shown that the philosophical applications of this theory are incorrect.

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