Exploring Factors affecting the Reverse Migration from Urban Areas to Rural Areas of Kermanshah

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FATHOLLAHI JAMAL; Jashn Provakani Khadijeh

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Journal of Geography and Regional Development Year:2023 | Volume:21 | Issue:1(پیاپی42) Page(s): 235-260

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Exploring Factors affecting the Reverse Migration from Urban Areas to Rural Areas of Kermanshah

Author(s)

FATHOLLAHI JAMAL | Jashn Provakani Khadijeh | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Reverse MigrationQ4

Factor AnalysisQ4

KermanshahQ4

Abstract

Excessive migration from rural areas to cities is one of the most challenges of most developing countries like Iran. A significant way is encouraging Reverse Migration to rural areas. So, many studies have focused so far on identifying the factors affecting Reverse Migration. This study tried to identify the factors affecting Reverse Migration from urban areas of Kermanshah to its rural areas. This survey used researcher-made questionnaire to collect the data. The data analysis was done using the descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population constituted the households that have migrated to different rural areas of Kermanshah over the last 5 years. Questionnaires were randomly distributed among 384 households, and 371 questionnaires were completed. The data were analyzed using exploratory Factor Analysis. The results showe 9 factors that could explain 62% of the variance of 38 items, pertaining to factors affecting Reverse Migration from urban areas to rural areas in Kermanshah: housing, costs-income of the families, cultural-biological issues, level of access to educational and health services, the physical factor, job opportunities in rural areas, sense of belonging and being native, and tourism attractions and handicrafts. Moreover, the least affecting factor on Reverse Migration policies was supporting policies of governments for the villagers. From among the variables, the availability of educational facilities for children (having a factor load of 85%) and the governments’ support for the agricultural sector regarding providing seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, and so on (having a factor load of 84%) have the greatest impact on Reverse Migration, respectively.

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