STUDY OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY AND CAUSES OF SUDDEN DECREASE OF URMIA LAKE WATER TABLE

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LAK R.; DARVISHIKHATUONI J.; MOHAMMADI A.

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Journal: JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL GEOLOGY (APPLIED GEOLOGY) Year:2012 | Volume:7 | Issue:4 Page(s): 343-358

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Title

STUDY OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY AND CAUSES OF SUDDEN DECREASE OF URMIA LAKE WATER TABLE

Author(s)

LAK R. | DARVISHIKHATUONI J. | MOHAMMADI A. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

DROUGHTQ2

SEDIMENTARY COREQ2

CLIMATE CHANGEQ2

EVAPORATIVE MINERALSQ2

HOLOCENEQ2

PALEOCLIMATEQ2

Abstract

Urmia Lake is one of the biggest and salt over-saturated lakes in the world. It is located in the northwestern part of Iran. Today, it has been endangered by drying up processes. This environmental hazard is one of the most significant geological problems of Iran. Verification of evolutionary history of the HOLOCENE and understanding the reasons for sudden downfall of Urmia Lake water level is the main subject of the current study. In this research, remote sensing examinations for a period of 35 years, 55-year climatic data processing and their relationship with the lake water fluctuations were implemented, and undisturbed SEDIMENTARY COREs of western lake sediments were prepared by Auger coring method. 16 cores having a maximum depth of 9 meters, and totally 98m of the lake sub-floor sediments were verified. Sedimentary facies were separated by color, grain size, mineralogy specifications, sedimentary fabrics and EVAPORATIVE MINERALS. With regard to vertical sedimentary facies (from surface to sub-surface areas) changes, geography, climatic conditions and Lake water level fluctuation were re-constructed. Results indicated 17 separable types of sedimentary facies in cores. Facies are from lacustrine, playa, swamp, fluvial and terrestrial environments. Coring and verification of Lake Sub-environment sedimentary facies indicate that sequential drying up tracks are visible in the coastal areas of Urmia Lake. However, the main part of the lake has had lacustrine environment (6.5m of the lake floor sediments) for 13000 years. Sedimentation was continuous during the mentioned period and seismic data confirm this issue. CLIMATE CHANGE and particularly evaporation increment are significant agents in the downfall of lake water. But these are not the main causes for DROUGHT in the Urmia Lake region. Iran has experienced a long-term DROUGHT since 13000 years ago up to now. Hence, shallow lakes, such as Maharloo, Mirabad and Zarivar were frequently dried. It is important to note that Urmia Lake has never experienced dryness except in coastal areas. The main stage of Urmia Lake region DROUGHT commenced about 13000 years ago. This event indicated coincidence with the last Ice Age. Regarding the Ice Age, downfall of moisture and lakes' water levels of North Africa and southern Asia was pointed out. Therefore, today, the important agent in the downfall of the Urmia Lake water level is an anthropogenic factor.

Cites

THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF REDUCED WATER LEVELS IN THE LAKE UROMIEH AND ITS SURVIVAL

References

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APA: Copy

LAK, R., DARVISHIKHATUONI, J., & MOHAMMADI, A.. (2012). STUDY OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY AND CAUSES OF SUDDEN DECREASE OF URMIA LAKE WATER TABLE. JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL GEOLOGY (APPLIED GEOLOGY), 7(4), 343-358. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/127076/en

Vancouver: Copy

LAK R., DARVISHIKHATUONI J., MOHAMMADI A.. STUDY OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY AND CAUSES OF SUDDEN DECREASE OF URMIA LAKE WATER TABLE. JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL GEOLOGY (APPLIED GEOLOGY)[Internet]. 2012;7(4):343-358. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/127076/en

IEEE: Copy

R. LAK, J. DARVISHIKHATUONI, and A. MOHAMMADI, “STUDY OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY AND CAUSES OF SUDDEN DECREASE OF URMIA LAKE WATER TABLE,” JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL GEOLOGY (APPLIED GEOLOGY), vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 343–358, 2012, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/127076/en

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