Investigation and analysis of human sacrifice in Shahnameh based on theories of sacrifice

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Omidi Ayoob; Khatami Ahmad

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ISSN: 2588-4824

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Journal: Journal of Ancient Culture and Languages Year:2023 | Volume: | Issue: Page(s): 71-98

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Title

Investigation and analysis of human sacrifice in Shahnameh based on theories of sacrifice

Author(s)

Omidi Ayoob | Khatami Ahmad | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Sacrifice ritualQ4

human sacrificeQ4

ShahnamehQ4

theories of sacrificeQ4

Abstract

Human sacrifice was one of the most important sacrifices that was offered in critical situations to please the higher forces. The Shahnameh is one of the texts that contains various rituals and beliefs; one of these cases is the ritual of human sacrifice, examples of which can be seen in the stories of Zal, zahhak, Siavash, the White Devil, and the story of the King of the City of Bidad. Considering this, in order to explain these examples in a descriptive-analytical way, the authors try to investigate and analyze the human sacrifice in the above-mentioned stories based on the theories of the sacrifice. The results show that the human sacrifices in the Shahnameh can be analyzed in five sections and were performed with goals such as longevity, warding off calamity, and repelling evil. In the story of Zal, due to the fact that in the ancients' belief, the birth of some babies with special characteristics (white hair) was considered ominous and a manifestation of God's anger, leaving him is a kind of sacrifice in order to ward off evil. Regarding Siavash's murder, it should be said: his murder has no fertility aspect and is a kind of ritual sacrifice in order to ward off Afrasiab's sleep disorder and save his life. Regarding the White Devil, it can also be said: what are known as Divan in the Shahnameh, were powerful, wild and stout enemies, and they were called Divan, so the killing of White Devil is a kind of sacrifice for the purpose of destruction. Is. In the analysis of the examples found, Fraser's theories of irreversibility and Boyce's cosmological perfection are more practical and flexible than other theories.

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