Etiquette Guides in the Qajar Era

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HAJI AGHA BABAEI MOHAMMAD REZA; saadati masroor Faezeh

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Pazhuhish-i Zaban va Adabiyyat-i Farsi Year:2023 | Volume:21 | Issue:71 Page(s): 27-54

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Etiquette Guides in the Qajar Era

Author(s)

HAJI AGHA BABAEI MOHAMMAD REZA | saadati masroor Faezeh | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Literary GenreQ4

Etiquette GuidesQ4

Qajar Prose.Q4

Abstract

The Qajar period (1797-1925 AD) is considered one of the most turbulent eras in Iranian history. Despite political instability and the inefficacy of rulers and many government officials, from the mid-Qajar era onwards, this period witnessed remarkable cultural and social transformations. Iranians' exposure to the West and their efforts to learn new sciences and modern elements gradually transformed Iran from a backward nation, mired in ignorance and superstition, into a country on the path to development and progress. Nevertheless, various internal and external factors posed numerous challenges, hindering significant progress in this developmental trajectory. From the mid-Qajar era, a spirit of innovation became apparent in various fields. The Naser al-Din Shah era and subsequent periods saw a clash between traditionalists and modernists, with different segments of Iranian society striving to expand new sciences and introduce fresh perspectives. The mid-Qajar period also marked a growing interest in instructional literature, especially in the writing of Etiquette Guides. These texts provided educational content on subjects such as individual and social lifestyle, vocational training, various games and entertainment, and more. An etiquette guide is a broad term for instructional texts that offer practical teachings in various aspects of personal and social life, aiming to equip individuals with the necessary skills for social participation.

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