The effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy on competitive anxiety in athletes: A meta-analysis of Iranian evidence 2017-2024

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Sarkeshikiyan Seyed Mehdi; Sarkeshikiyan Mahsa Sadat

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Functional Research in Sport Psychology Year:2025 | Volume:1 | Issue:4 Page(s): 55-70

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Information Journal Paper

Title

The effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy on competitive anxiety in athletes: A meta-analysis of Iranian evidence 2017-2024

Author(s)

Sarkeshikiyan Seyed Mehdi | Sarkeshikiyan Mahsa Sadat | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

meta-analysis

competitive anxiety

mindfulness

athletes

Abstract

Objective: This study used meta-analysis to analyze and combine existing evidence on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing competitive anxiety among athletes in Iran.Method: The study included ten quasi-experimental studies conducted between 2017 and 2024, published in Persian. Studies were included based on specific criteria, such as using valid tools, providing sufficient data for effect size calculations, and being experimental or quasi-experimental in nature.Results: The results of the meta-analysis showed a combined effect size of -1.275, with observed effect sizes ranging from -0.086 to -1.647. The Q statistic for the ten effect sizes, with 9 degrees of freedom, was 15.419, which was not statistically significant, indicating no heterogeneity in the effect sizes of the primary studies. To further assess heterogeneity, the I² statistic was also used, revealing that 41.631% of the variation in effect sizes was attributable to real heterogeneity, which, according to Higgins et al. (2003), indicates moderate heterogeneity in the primary studies. Based on these analyses, a fixed-effects model was chosen for the meta-analysis, and the combined effect size was calculated to be -1.275.Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis align with previous theoretical and empirical foundations, confirming the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing competitive anxiety among athletes. Therefore, mindfulness-based therapy can be considered an effective method for improving athletic performance and reducing competitive anxiety, and can be widely used in sports psychology programs.

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