Clarification of the Concept of Equality in the Thought of Mirza Fathali Akhundzadeh

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Sattarian Majid; Gorji Azandaryani Ali Akbar

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: Journal of Law and Political Studies Year:2025 | Volume:5 | Issue:1 Page(s): 233-246

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Information Journal Paper

Title

Clarification of the Concept of Equality in the Thought of Mirza Fathali Akhundzadeh

Author(s)

Sattarian Majid | Gorji Azandaryani Ali Akbar | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

equality

Mirza Fathali Akhundzadeh

natural rights

religious equality

gender equality

freedom

Abstract

This research examines the concept of equality in the thought of Mirza Fathali Akhundzadeh and attempts to clarify its dimensions and instances. Akhundzadeh considers equality as the simultaneous exit from the servitude of despotism and religion, and defines it based on the natural rights of human beings. In his thought, human equality is not based on social status or religious beliefs, but on their human essence. He identifies five instances of equality, among which religious and gender equality are of greater importance. The method of this research is descriptive, and the findings show that Akhundzadeh, instead of offering a positive definition of modern concepts, has mostly addressed their negative aspects. Nevertheless, his legal thought is coherent and emphasizes the necessity of a complete separation between law and Sharia. Furthermore, his works show that his ideas about equality—especially in the areas of the rights of religious minorities, gender equality, judicial independence, and the balance of political power—can have an impact on the legal system of Iran. Studying his views is important not only in analyzing the historical developments of Iranian law, but also in examining the current challenges in this field.

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