SUICIDE IN EXISTENTIALISM: JEAN PAUL SARTRE'S THE CONDEMNED OF ALTONA

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RAFI HALEH

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Journal: CRITICAL LANGUAGE & LITERARY STUDIES Year:2011 | Volume:3 | Issue:5 (63/2) Page(s): 93-107

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Title

SUICIDE IN EXISTENTIALISM: JEAN PAUL SARTRE'S THE CONDEMNED OF ALTONA

Author(s)

RAFI HALEH | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

EXISTENTIALISMQ2

KIERKEGAARDQ2

NIETZSCHEQ2

SARTREQ2

SUICIDEQ3

ONTOLOGYQ3

EPISTEMOLOGYQ3

EXISTENCEQ2

ESSENCEQ2

CHOICEQ2

Abstract

Representation of SUICIDE in Literature began in Greek and Roman tragedies. Greek dramatists created some weak points in their characters and thus led them towards SUICIDE. Elizabethan dramatists, like Shakespeare, continued this convention in their dramas. In their plays characters were destined to commit SUICIDE and did not have CHOICEs or free will. However, in twentieth century modern dramatists put this convention into question. In plays by playwrights like Henrik Ibsen, Victor Hugo, and Arthur Miller there is no such thing as predestined fate, although characters still commit SUICIDE because they are affected by the situation they live in. Representation of SUICIDE later changed with new ideas of philosophers such as KIERKEGAARD, NIETZSCHE, and SARTRE. In EXISTENTIALISM, with SARTRE as one of its most prominent theoretician, neither fate does exist nor are characters affected by the situation they are in. SARTRE, with emphasis on "existence" discusses that people are free to choose different alternatives and he introduces SUICIDE as one of these CHOICEs. SARTRE believes that the CHOICE of SUICIDEs cannot be taken from human beings, however, this CHOICE always accompanies with fear; anguish, and responsibility. The Condemned of Altona articulates the attitude of SUICIDE as a "choice".

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اگزیستانسیالیسم و تئاتر

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APA: Copy

RAFI, HALEH. (2011). SUICIDE IN EXISTENTIALISM: JEAN PAUL SARTRE'S THE CONDEMNED OF ALTONA. CRITICAL LANGUAGE & LITERARY STUDIES, 3(5 (63/2)), 93-107. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/224949/en

Vancouver: Copy

RAFI HALEH. SUICIDE IN EXISTENTIALISM: JEAN PAUL SARTRE'S THE CONDEMNED OF ALTONA. CRITICAL LANGUAGE & LITERARY STUDIES[Internet]. 2011;3(5 (63/2)):93-107. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/224949/en

IEEE: Copy

HALEH RAFI, “SUICIDE IN EXISTENTIALISM: JEAN PAUL SARTRE'S THE CONDEMNED OF ALTONA,” CRITICAL LANGUAGE & LITERARY STUDIES, vol. 3, no. 5 (63/2), pp. 93–107, 2011, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/224949/en

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