The Category of Verb from Prototypical Point of View on the Basis of Givon’ s Semantic Criteria: Each Verb as a Category

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Hasani Jalilian Fatemeh; HAGHBIN FARIDEH

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Journal: Research in Western Iranian Languages and Dialects Year:2020 | Volume:7 | Issue:4 Page(s): 33-53

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Title

The Category of Verb from Prototypical Point of View on the Basis of Givon’ s Semantic Criteria: Each Verb as a Category

Author(s)

Hasani Jalilian Fatemeh | HAGHBIN FARIDEH | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

prototype

semantic criteria

functional linguistics

verb

spatial image of verb

Abstract

prototype theory inspired by cognitive framework has offered a new definition of categories and their members. According to the prototype theory “ prototypes” are the best examples of each category and are more central than the other members, while less prototypical and peripheral members show less features of the category. Givon, a functional linguist, has used prototype theory to define linguistic categories. 77 verbs have been classified into prototype, less prototype and peripheral verbs based on Givon’ s semantic criteria. The verbs have been driven from “ Persian core vocabulary based on Iranian children” and examples offered by Givon (2001: 52). Moreover, the authors of the present study have attempted to draw spatial images of verbs by means of giving numerical values to each criterion. This method gives a holistic picture of each verb based on semantic criteria. Thus, different prototypical verbs can be compared with each other in a more concrete way. Finally, various spatial drawings of verb “ give” as a prototype verb in different contexts have been presented. The comparisons of spatial drawings of “ give” showed that a verb cannot be called absolutely prototype, because the status of a verb in each criteria is determined by its participants. The consequence is that each verb is a category by itself with infinite members. The members are the contexts in which a verb appears and “ participants” are the ones which in each criterion close a verb to prototype or not.

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APA: Copy

Hasani Jalilian, Fatemeh, & HAGHBIN, FARIDEH. (2020). The Category of Verb from Prototypical Point of View on the Basis of Givon’ s Semantic Criteria: Each Verb as a Category. JOURNAL OF WESTERN IRANIAN LANGUAGES AND DIALECTS, 7(4 ), 33-53. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/265991/en

Vancouver: Copy

Hasani Jalilian Fatemeh, HAGHBIN FARIDEH. The Category of Verb from Prototypical Point of View on the Basis of Givon’ s Semantic Criteria: Each Verb as a Category. JOURNAL OF WESTERN IRANIAN LANGUAGES AND DIALECTS[Internet]. 2020;7(4 ):33-53. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/265991/en

IEEE: Copy

Fatemeh Hasani Jalilian, and FARIDEH HAGHBIN, “The Category of Verb from Prototypical Point of View on the Basis of Givon’ s Semantic Criteria: Each Verb as a Category,” JOURNAL OF WESTERN IRANIAN LANGUAGES AND DIALECTS, vol. 7, no. 4 , pp. 33–53, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/265991/en

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