Ibn Saffā r and the Development of Islamic Astronomy in Andalusia: Finding Qibla Direction in Kitā b al-‘ amal bi-l-asṭ urlā b and Balā ta Sundial (at the Cordova Museum)

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REZAEI FATEMEH; farahmand yonos; AKRAMI MUSA; ROUDGAR QANBARALI

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Journal: TARIKH WA TAMADDUN-I ISLAMI Year:2020 | Volume:16 | Issue:31 Page(s): 141-174

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Title

Ibn Saffā r and the Development of Islamic Astronomy in Andalusia: Finding Qibla Direction in Kitā b al-‘ amal bi-l-asṭ urlā b and Balā ta Sundial (at the Cordova Museum)

Author(s)

REZAEI FATEMEH | farahmand yonos | AKRAMI MUSA | ROUDGAR QANBARALI | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

AstrolabeQ1

Andalusian AstronomersQ3

Balāta SundialQ1

Finding Qibla DirectionQ1

Ibn SaffārQ1

Abstract

Ibn Saffā r(370-426 AH), was an Andalusian Muslim astronomer and mathematician who authored several works on astronomy and also constructed the oldest-Sundial of Andalusia called Balā ta To determine the time of prayer in noon and possibly afternoon. Since the Qibla is one of the sacred symbols of Islam, which has been at the center of Muslim attention for the centuries, finding the Qibla was especially important for this Muslim scholar. The question is how and in what way the qibla and the distance between Andalusia and Mecca have been obtained in the most famous work of Ibn Saffā r, the Kitā b al-‘ amal bi-l-asṭ urlā b and also what were the characteristics of his “ Balata” sundial? To study this subject, it is necessary to know the mathematical methods in finding the Qibla as well as the sundials. The authors of the present paper focus on Kitā b al-‘ amal bi-l-asṭ urlā b and also Balata sundial discuss about Ibn Saffar's role in the Andalusian astronomy and Finding Qibla Direction and determination of noon time there and based on the newly found chapters of her treatise, it has been concluded that he set the Cordoba qibla in the southeast direction and at an angle of 30 degrees to the rising sun during the winter solstice. The influence of this Astronomer from his master, “ Maslama al‐ Majrī ṭ ī ” (398 AH) and his attention to Kharazim's zī j, which was influenced by Zī j al-Sindhind and as well as Ptolemy's Geography indicates his reliance on Iranian, Indian and Greek sciences.

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APA: Copy

REZAEI, FATEMEH, farahmand, yonos, AKRAMI, MUSA, & ROUDGAR, QANBARALI. (2020). Ibn Saffā r and the Development of Islamic Astronomy in Andalusia: Finding Qibla Direction in Kitā b al-‘ amal bi-l-asṭ urlā b and Balā ta Sundial (at the Cordova Museum). TARIKH WA TAMADDUN-I ISLAMI, 16(31 ), 141-174. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/359884/en

Vancouver: Copy

REZAEI FATEMEH, farahmand yonos, AKRAMI MUSA, ROUDGAR QANBARALI. Ibn Saffā r and the Development of Islamic Astronomy in Andalusia: Finding Qibla Direction in Kitā b al-‘ amal bi-l-asṭ urlā b and Balā ta Sundial (at the Cordova Museum). TARIKH WA TAMADDUN-I ISLAMI[Internet]. 2020;16(31 ):141-174. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/359884/en

IEEE: Copy

FATEMEH REZAEI, yonos farahmand, MUSA AKRAMI, and QANBARALI ROUDGAR, “Ibn Saffā r and the Development of Islamic Astronomy in Andalusia: Finding Qibla Direction in Kitā b al-‘ amal bi-l-asṭ urlā b and Balā ta Sundial (at the Cordova Museum),” TARIKH WA TAMADDUN-I ISLAMI, vol. 16, no. 31 , pp. 141–174, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/359884/en

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