SARIN GAS ATTACK ON THE TOKYO SUBWAY: CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM

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ANSARI HOSSEIN S.

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Seminar Paper

Paper Information

Seminar: IRANIAN CONGRESS OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
Year:2007 | Issue:18

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Title

SARIN GAS ATTACK ON THE TOKYO SUBWAY: CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM

Author(s)

ANSARI HOSSEIN S.

Keywords

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Abstract

Following day was a national holiday <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernal_equinox>. The attack came at the peak of the Monday morning rush hour on one of the world's busiest commuter transport systems. The Tokyo subway system transports millions of passengers daily; during rush hour, trains are frequently so crowded that it is nearly impossible to move. The liquid sarin <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarin> was contained in plastic bags which each team then wrapped in newspapers. Each perpetrator carried two packets of sarin totalling approximately one litre <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litre> of sarin, except Yasuo Hayashi, who carried three bags. A single drop of sarin the size of the head of a pin can kill an adult. Carrying their packets of sarin and umbrellas with sharpened tips, the perpetrators boarded their appointed trains; at prearranged stations, each perpetrator dropped his package and punctured it several times with the sharpened tip of his umbrella before escaping to his accomplice's waiting get-away car. Sarin is an extremely potent organophosphate <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphate> compound that disrupts the nervous system by inhibiting the cholinesterase enzyme by forming a covalent bond <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covalent_bond> with the particular serine <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serine> residue in the enzyme which forms the site where acetylcholine normally undergoes hydrolysis <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis>. The short- and long-term symptoms experienced by those affected included: bleeding <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood> from the nose and mouth, coma <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coma>, convulsions <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convulsion>, difficulty breathing <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difficulty_breathing>, disturbed sleep 2and nightmares <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nightmare>, extreme sensitivity to ligh, foaming at the mouth, high fevers <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fever>, influenza <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza>-like symptoms, loss of consciousness <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_of_consciousness>, loss of memory <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loss_of_memory>, nausea <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nausea> and vomiting <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vomiting>, paralysis <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paralysis>, post-traumatic stress disorder <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-traumatic_stress_disorder>, respiratory problems, seizures <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seizure>, uncontrollable, trembling <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trembling>, vision problems both temporary and permanent.

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Cite

APA: Copy

ANSARI HOSSEIN, S.. (2007). SARIN GAS ATTACK ON THE TOKYO SUBWAY: CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM. IRANIAN CONGRESS OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/904558/en

Vancouver: Copy

ANSARI HOSSEIN S.. SARIN GAS ATTACK ON THE TOKYO SUBWAY: CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM. 2007. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/904558/en

IEEE: Copy

S. ANSARI HOSSEIN, “SARIN GAS ATTACK ON THE TOKYO SUBWAY: CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TERRORISM,” presented at the IRANIAN CONGRESS OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY. 2007, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/904558/en

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