The current research is an attempt to shed light on the qualities of those with imprudent ethic (behavior) and their main existential factor in the views of some Islamic thinkers. It also investigates whether the existence of ethical imprudence is consistent with motivational introvertism or extrovertism. In other words, the present research investigates whether ethical imprudence is the result of motivational extrovertism and thus violates motivational introvertism or the reverse is the case. It also answers if imprudent ethic is consistent with the existence of a motivational introvert individual. To answer these questions, the meaning of motivational introvertism and extrovertism is clarified first and then, the best possible stance on the basis of Mohammad Hussain Tabatabaei, Abdullah Javadi Amoli and Mohmmad Taqi Mesbah is adopted. While for a motivational introvertist the mere ethical mandate suffices conducting an ethical action, for a motivational extrovertist liking (desire) is also necessary. In the second phase, it is necessary to clarify the challenge of ethical imprudence for motivational introvertism and explain its consistency with motivational extrovertism.

Extroversion and introversion, two main personality traits in the theory of personality, were introduced by Carl G. Jung in 1920. Other theorists like Hans Eysenck have extended Jung’, s ideas into personality types. Being part of every human being’, s psyche, these two personality traits have been often viewed as monolithic entities. Sa’, adi is a great author whose works have been discussed both for highly elevated language and eloquence and for their rich themes. Many of Sa’, adi’, s writings can be matched with modern psychological concepts. Looking at Sa’, adi’, s Golestan and Boostan, the present article is going to view his personality in light of the two concepts of extraversion and introversion. It has been discussed here that Sa’, adi, based on his writings, can be categorized more as an extrovert than an introvert. Finally, according to Jung’, s eight personality types and Eysenck’, s personality theory, Sa’, di can be classified as extraverted sensing or extraverted intuition.

Hilary Putnam (1926-2016) in most of his philosophy focused on the question ‘ how does mind/language hook onto the world? ’ He followed this question and proposed various opinions in different fields of philosophy. In semantics, he defended semantic externlism and in metaphysics and ontology, he criticized metaphysical realism through two arguments including model-theoretic argument. Here I will show that Putnam’ s argument for semantic externalism and his model-theoretic argument, while are different in field, structure, and formulation, have been supported by a common thought concerning the relation between mind/language and the world. To achieve this goal, firstly I will introduce both arguments and propose new formulations for them. Secondly, I will enumerate five similarities between these formulations, and finally, on the basis of these similarities, I will propose the supporting thought formed as an argument. According to this supporting thought, the strict separation between mind and the world leads to indeterminacy of referential relation between them; but our common sense and realistic intuition implies that this relation is determined; therefore, mind and the world are not strictly separated; i. e. are interpenetrated.

The research purpose is to investigate the relationship between happiness, personality traits (introversion and extroversion) and mental health among the university students of IAU, Science and Research Branch. For this purpose, 364 students (181 male and 183 female) were selected using multi- stage cluster sampling. The tools employed to gather data were the personality traits (introversion and extroversion) questionnaire, mental health and Oxford & Argil happiness questionnaires inventory. The data analyzed by multi- variable regression analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between demographic variables (age, sex, educational level, number of children) and happiness; this was the case also between psychological variables (introversion and extroversion) and comfort with the self, others; and between mental health and happiness. The variable of extroversion was a predictor to happiness through mental health.

The present study intended to propose a causal model of factors that would predict Oral Communication Apprehension (OCA) of Iranian learners of English as a foreign language. To conduct the study, 135 male and female University students majoring in English were selected. Five variables including: learners’ self-esteem and introversion/extroversion (as independent variables), their gender and proficiency level (as moderator variables) and their oral communication apprehension (as the major dependent variable) were selected. To collect the data necessary for the study a language proficiency test and three questionnaires were used. Statistical analyses revealed that all the independent and moderate variables predicted the participants’ OCA. Furthermore, extroversion was found to be the strongest predictor of OCA. Results of the t-test and one-way ANOVA revealed that females and students of the lowest level of proficiency experience a significantly higher level of OCA. The findings are finally discussed and pedagogical implications of the study are provided.

Objective: The goal of current research is the assessment of cognitive emotion regulation strategies according to neuroticism and extraversion personality dimensions. Method: To do so, 725 university male students completed the Persian version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire- Revised (EPQ-R). Then, on the basis of extreme scores in extraversion and neuroticism dimensions from the main sample, 4 groups including introvert, extravert, neurotic and emotional stable (each with 35 Ss) were selected and assessed by Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Results: Results indicated that neurotics in confrontation with negative experience use more self-blame, acceptance, rumination, putting into perspective, catastrophizing and other-blame strategies. Whereas, emotional stables utilize more positive refocusing and refocus on planning strategies. Prevalent strategies in extraverts were positive refocusing, putting into perspective and positive reappraisal. Whilst, introverts use more self-blame, acceptance, rumination, refocus on planning, catastrophizing and other-blame strategies. Conclusion: On the basis of this findings, we could claim that personality traits play an important role in choosing emotion regulation strategies and the type of emotion regulation strategies is in accordance with one dominant personality trait.

the aim of this study was to assess the Relationship between personality extraversion-introversion with job satisfaction in disabled employees. This was a descriptive-analytical study of correlation type. The target population included all of the disabled employed in the offices of Aligudarz County who were 100 people, which were selected by census method, and all of them completed the questionnaire. The research tools included Eysenck personality and job satisfaction questionnaire. Validity of questionnaires was approved by content analysis and their reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. Mean and standard deviation were used to analyze descriptive data; correlation test and stepwise regression was applied for analysis of analytical data. the results indicated that a positive and meaningful relationship between personality extraversion with job satisfaction (r=0.20) were obtained and also a positive and meaningful relationship between personality introversion with job satisfaction (r=0.25) were obtained. (P£0.05). on the basis of the findings of the study it can be concluded that the disabled that have personality extraversion have more job satisfaction than those with introversion personality in their work environment.