Introduction and Objectives: This study was done to compare the effectiveness of Fluconazole and Clotrimazole in treatment of candida albicans vaginitis in patients referring to health centers affiliated with Shahid Beheshti University, during the year 1379.Materials and Methods: 70 patients received either a single oral dose of 150 mg Fluconazole (35 patients) or 7 days course of vaginal Clotrimazole. Clinical history, smear, and culture were obtained.Results: Positive Clinical and laboratory response was seen in 77% and 74% and 91% and 77% of Fluconazole and Clotrimazole groups, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups regarding clinical or laboratory responses to treatment.Discussion and Conclusions: If confirmed by others, a single oral dose of 150 mg Fluconazole should replace the 7 days course of vaginal Clotrimazole.

Introduction. With report of cases of griseofulvin resistant dermatophytes, the use of new Antifungal drugs such as itraconazole, fluconazole and terbinafine is recommended which are more expensive or somehow rare in Iran. Therefore, study of griseofulvin sensitivity pattern of dermatophytes in Isfahan could lead to a more effective and less expensive treatment for ermatophytoses.Methods. Fifty isolates of the most prevalent dermatophytes in Isfahan were isolated from patients and then the standard homogenized suspensions from them were prepared for future inoculation. The minimum inhibitory concemtration (MIC) of Griseofulvin was determined by modified macrodiution method for each isolate and then results were compared and analysed with standard values of MICs of dermatophytes and the resistant species indentified.Results. All tested isolates (related to four species) had MIC mode of 0.25, 90% had 8 and 50% ranged . between <0.25-1 µ.mg/ml. From all isolates, 10% of them including three T.verrucosum, one M. canis and one T. mentagrophytes had MIC out of standardized range, therfore, they considered as griseofulvin resistant isolates.Discussion. Although MIC valuses of drug in vivo and in vitro are somewhat different but in vitro values could be used as additional parameters in treatment of dermatophytoses, in particular its recalcitrant types or in areas which the resistant species may have high prevalence. In general, the proper application of griseofulvin and knowledge of prevalent species of dermatophytes of region and their drug sensitivity pattern could reduce the use of expensive and rare antifungal drugs for treatment of dermatophytoses in Iran.

Fluconazole is one of the triazole antifungal agents for Candida albican. For comparison of single versus sequential dose of fluconazole, a double-blind randomized clinical trial was counducted on 80 married 20-45 years old women who had chronic vaginal candidiasis. The patients randomized into two groups, 40 patients received two ( zero and 72 hours) doses of fluconazole and the other group received one 150mg dose of the drug at zero and placebo at 72 hours later. The patients were examined at 2 & 6 weeks after treatment. The groups showed decreased signs and symptoms of vaginal candidiasis during examination periods, however there was no significant difference between groups (p>0.05). Wet mount & culture were negative in the 2nd week in two groups but at the 6th week after treatment, 95.3% and 72.5% of patients in control and case groups, respectively had negative results (p<0.05). Therefore, single and sequential doses of fluconazole have the same result for treatment of vaginal candidiasis but sequential dose reduces the relapse rate of the disease.

Background: Tinea versicolor is a superficial fungal infection caused by normal skin flora and treatable by topical and oral anti-fungal medications. Objective: To evaluate the clinical and paraclinical response and to compare possible side-effects of a single oral dose of fluconazole and ketoconazole in the treatment of tinea versicolor. Patients & Methods: In this clinical trial, sixty-six definite cases of tinea versicolor were divided in two groups using a simple randomization method. The first group consisted of 33 patients who were treated with a single oral dose of 300 mg of fluconazole. The second group also consisted of 33 patients who received ketoconazole 400 mg orally as a single dose. The patients were evaluated 2 weeks after treatment for therapeutic and paraclinical responses as well as possible side effects. Results: Clinical and paraclinical responses were 60.6% and 78.7% in the first group (fluconazole) and 33.3% and 51.5% in the second group (ketoconazole), respectively (P<0.05): There was no statistical difference as far as side-effects were considered (P>0.05). Conclusion: The therapeutic effect of fluconazole as a single oral dose was more than ketoconazole in the treatment of tinea versicolor.    

Introduction: Vulvovaginal condidiasis is a common problem faced by physicians in their outpatient department. The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of topical versus systemic treatment of systematic vaginal candidiasis in outpatient setting of women who came to the Beasat gynecologic clinic in Sanandaj.Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, Forty five women with diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis were randomized into three equal groups getting intravaginal topical clotrimazole daily for 7 days (group 1), Fluconazple (150 mg) as one time dose (group 2) and Ketoconazole (200 mg) twice daily for seven days (group 3). The women were reevaluated after 1 week when they were called for follow up. Data were analyzed using Fisher and Chi-square statistical tests.Results: There was significant improvement in all three groups of treatment.Cure rate was highest in group 1 (84.6%) followed by group 3 (69.2%) and group 2 (46.7%). But the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion: All the three treatment group were found to equally effective in the management of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Single dose Fluconazole seems to be the best for its ease of use.

Background: Tinea capitis is a relatively common fungal in children. infection Although several oral antifungal agents have been used in the treatment of tinea capitis, griseofulvin has been considered as the treatment of choice for a long time. Objective: To compare the therapeutic effects of fluconazole with griseofulvin on tinea capitis. Patients Methods: Through and randomized, single-blinded, clinical trial on 40 clinically suspected and mycologically confirmed tinea capitis cases, 19 cases received oral fluconazole for 4 weeks and 21 patients were treated with griseofulvin for 6 weeks. All patients were evaluated clinically and mycologically before receiving their treatment and 8 weeks after the begining of treatment. Results: The age range of the patients was from 1 to 16 years. Thirty-two cases were males. Mycology studies indicated that the causative agents were Trichophyton verrucosum in 16 cases, Trichophyton violaceum in 16 cases and Microporum canis in 8 cases. At the end of the eighth week of the begining of treatment, 15 cases were cured in the fluconazole group compared with 16 cases in the griseofulvin group (P>0.05). a Conclusion: It seems that griseofulvin could be still considered as the first choice drug in the treatment of tinea capitis and fluconazole could be used as an alternative drug.

Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an important skin parasitic disease. Ideal treatment is not found yet and seeking for proper drugs continues. Objective: Comparison of the efficacy of fluconazole with systemic Glucantime in patients with acute cutaneous leishmanisis in Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad in 2002 Patients and Methods: During one year of study, all patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis were divided to two groups. Thirty-one patients were treated with oral fluconazole (100 mg twice a day) for 6 weeks and patients treated with 29 were intramuscular Glucantime (20 mgSb/kg) for 21 days. Both groups were evaluated 3 and 6 weeks after onset of treatment. "T" test and chi-square test were used for statistical analyses and P<0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Six weeks after begining .of treatment, clinical cure, improvement and failure were observed in 4(12.9%) , 11 (35.5%) and 16(51.5%) of patients treated with fluconazole, respectively. These figures were 11(37.9%), 10(34.6%)and 8(21.5%) of patients treated with Glucantime, respectively (P>0.05). Conclusion: It seems that efficacy of fluconazole in acute cutaneous leishmaniasis is lower than Glucantime. A larger clinical trial is recommended.

Candidiasis as an opportunistic infection is created by some species of Candida. Here the role of Candida albicans is more noticeable, than other species. Candida can cause tan extended spectrum of symptoms. Due to the increasing consumption of immunosuppressant’s including corticosteroids and diseases like Diabetes, candidiasis has drawn more attention than before. Methods: Considering the side-effects of antifungal chemical drugs arid their; high cost, we used the essential oil of Boswellia serrata against the isolates of Candida which are sensitive and resistant to fluconazole. Of 50 samples used in this study, twenty-five were sensitive and twenty-five were resistant to the fluconazole. Different concentrations, of Boswellia serrata essential oil were prepared in microplates. One-thousand Candida albicans yeast cells were added to each well and after 24 hours of incubation, the Number of Candida cells in each well was counted. Results: In the group of sensitive isolates, 3, 7, 7, and 8 did not grow up to dilutions of l/32nd, 1/64th, 1/128th, and 1/256 th, respectively. In group of resistant isolates, 1, 6, 8, and 10 isolates did not grow up to dilutions of 1/32nd, 1/64th, 1/128TH, AND 1/256th, respectively.Conclusions: The essential oil of Boswellia serrata displayed an inhibiting effect on all Candida albicans isolates in-vitro; hence we recommend the investigation of its antifungal properties in vivo.

Introduction: Tinea cruris is a relatively common fungal infection. For many years Griseofulvin has been considered as the treatment of choice and now, new oral antifungal agents including Fluconazol are being used widely. The aim of this study was comparison of therapeutic effects of Griseofulvin and Fluconazol for treatment of tinea cruris.Material and Methods: This is a single blind clinical trial study on 64 patients with tinea cruris in Dermatology Department of Ghaem Hospital between August 2004 and February 2005. All patients had clinical exam and a positive KOH test for fungal infection at first, and four and seven weeks later. Patients divided into two groups randomly: 32 patients were treated with 150mg Fluconazol once weekly and 32 were treated with Griseofulvin 500mg daily. Our data were gathered by questionnaires and were analyzed by SPSS statisteca Hysoftware.Results: On the fourth week 60% of Fluconazol group and 79% of Griseofulvin group had clinical improvement (p=0.2), laboratory mycological studies showed that 80% of Flouconazole group and %8404of Griseofulvin group have had improvement (p=0.4).Patients who had positive fungal test in the fourth week were cured clinically and paraclinically in the seventh week. There weren't any statistically significant differences between two groups.Conclusion: Fluconazol as like as Griseofulvin is an effective therapy for tinea cruris and it was also a simple, inexpensive and safe treatment.

Objectives: It is estimated that as many as 75% of women experience at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidacies during their lifetime. Candida albicans is responsible for 85 to 90% of vaginal yeast infections. Topically applied azoles are the most commonly available treatment for vulvovaginal candidacies. In 80 to 90% of patients the symptoms usually take 2 to 3 day to resolve. Treatment with an oral antifungal agent, fluconazol, used in a single 150 mg dose has been approved for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidacies, but symptoms do not disappear within 2 to 3 days. Due to fewer side effects and the ease of use of oral fluconazol the aim of this research was to compare the efficacy of oral fluconazol vaginal clotrimazol in the treatment of vulvovaginal candidacies.Subjects and Methods: In this study 192 patients 97 patients were in vaginal clotrimazol group and 95 patients in fluconazol group with vulvovaginal candidacies were divided randomly in two groups. Diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidacies in these patients was based on typical clinical signs and symptoms, normal PH of vaginal discharge and microscopic findings including observation of budding-yeast forms or mycelia in 10 % KOH. The first group was treated by oral fluconazol (150 mg single dose) and the second group treated with vaginal clotrimazol for 1 week. The efficacy of drugs compared by chi-square test The Mean age of patients was 30 years.Results: Response to treatment in vaginal clotrimazol group was 97% with 72% of patients responded in 1 to 3 days and 28% after 3 days. Response to treatment in fluconazol group was 86% with 94% of patients responded in 3 days and 6% after 3 days.Conclusions: This study reveals that therapeutic response in clotrimazol group was higher than fluconazol groups (P <0.05). However, contrary to other studies, the time of response in fluconazol group was faster (P <0.01). Therefore, according to these results, fluconazole produced efficacy in 86% of patient with faster rate of recovery. In addition, the ease of administration of fluconazol together with some disadvantages associated with use of vaginal clotrimazol, it is advised that the patients suffering from vulvovaginal candidacies to be treated initially with oral fluconazol and in non-responders with vaginal clotrimazol.