Candidiasis is a type of opportunistic fungal disease with some predisposing factors such as hematologic disorders (e.g. leukemia, lymphoma). Since the complement system plays a major role in its prevention, we investigated and compared the role of C3, C4 and the rate of hemolytic activity of CH5O in two groups: Case group consisted of patients having leukemia and lymphoma as well as candidiasis. Control group consisted of patients having leukernia and lymphoma but not candidiasis. The method of sensitization of sheep blood by embosebtor was employed to assess the rate of activity of the complement, and the mean of C3 and C4 was measured by immunodiffusion method. T-test was used for comparison of the two groups. There was a significant decrease in the mean of C3 complement and CH50 in the case group compared to those of the control group (p<0.05). But there was no significant difference in the mean of C4 between two groups. Therefore a decrease of C3 and CH50 may play a role in producing candidiasis along with leukemia and lymphoma.

Introduction: MCP (membrane cofactor protein or CD46) is a complement regulatory proteins (CRPs), which is present in most of body cell membranes (except erythrocytes), and also in most biologycal body fliuds. Due to the important role of this protein in the complement system, specially in fertility, the aim of this study was to determine and isolate this protein in human seminal plasma. Materials & Methods: 6 semen samples which were considered normal according to W.H.O ceriteria were selected, and then seminal plasma of each sample was separated from sperms and debris by centrifugation. Prostasomes were obtained by ultracentrifugation from seminal plasma then the protein present in prostasome was isolated by FPLC cheromatoghraphy without using any detergent. The presence of MCP was determined by mAb (J4-48) againest CD46 using Dot blot technique.Results: The molecular weight of CD46 was 55KD in first fraction at 6.5ml position by using SDS-PAGE. The presence of MCP in CSDS bound was proved using Western blot technique. Discussion: Due to usage of such proteins (CD46) in clinical trials, such as infertility, this study shows that it is possible to isolate such proteins without introduction of detergents wich may change physiologycal functions of the protein.

Following an acute phase stimulus, such as inflammation many liver-derived plasma proteins are changed in concentration .In order to study the serum concentration of acute phase proteins in acute viral hepatitis CRP , Alpha-1- Antitrypsin (AAT), Alpha-I-Acid Glycoprotein(AAG) ,Haptoglobin, Transferrin, Ceruloplasmin, the third component of complement (C3) and the plasma concentration of fibrinogen were measured in patients suffering from acute viral hepatitis .The samples were obtained from 60 acute viral hepatitis patients; including 37 males and 23 females at the age between 3-45 in two groups of 21 HBS Ag+ patients and 39 HBs Ag - patients. The patients samples were compared with 60 healthy subjects who were similar to the sample group with respect to age and sex. The serum total protein and albumin didn't change significantly compared with control group (p>0.05).The pattern of hepatic enzymes changes in patients was identical to acute viral hepatitis. It was observed that in both groups of patients there were increases in the serum concentration of CRP, AAT, Ceruloplasmin, C3 and Fibrinogen compared with control group (p<0.01), but the AGG increased only in HBs Ag - group .The serum concentration of Haptoglobin in both groups of patients was decreased in comparison with control group (p<0.01)and it was lesser in HBs Ag + patients. Transferrin as negative acute-phase protein was decreased significantly only in HBs Ag - patients (p<0.01). As it was observed in contrast with other inflammatory disease the plasma concentration of Haptoglobin in both groups of patients decreased in spite of inflammatory changes by liver tissue in acute viral Hepatitis and AAG didn't show any increase. Although the serum concentration of CRP, AAT, C3, Ceruloplasmin and Fibrinogen increased but these increase were much lesser than found in typical form of inflammatory disease. In general,it seems that change in acute-phase proteins in acute viral hepatitis is not in typical form of inflammatory disease.      

Immunity against tuberculosis with consideration to pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is closely related to activity of phagocytic cells, particularly monocyte - macrophage class. Activation of cell mediated immunity (CMI) in this infection is achieved following interaction of T-Lymphocytes and macro phages through three phases of (I) antigen presentation, (II) activation of T-Cells and production of lymphokines and (III) finally, promotion of bacteriocidal function of macrophages. There are various reports on alteration of phagocytic activity of these cells in patients with tuberculosis. In this study, the phagocytic activity of circulating blood monocytes and granulocytes in 30 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was studied by flow cytometry compared with 30 healthy cases (Control group). The test procedure is based on the rate of phagocytosis of opsonized E.coli (With antibody and complement) that previously conjugated with fluorescien isothiocyante. The results of our experiment are as follows: (I) The percentages of phagocytic activity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly decreased as compared with healthy individuals. (II) The decrease in activity of monocytic population is clearer as compared to granulocytic population (38.81% and 81.97% for patients and controls monocytes with S. D. of 12.1 and 4.44 respectively, for granulocytes 45.76% and 86.5% in patients and controls with S.D of 11.44 and 4.21 respectively, p<0.001). (III) The decrease of phagocytic activity is related to clinical conditions of patients, for example stage of disease and period of treatment.      

Serum Level of Immunoglobulin and Complement Components are dependent on genetic background and environmental factors. In order to have reliable reference range of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4 and CH50 in Kermanshah population a random sample (n=878) was selected. The sample consisted of healty people between 1 to 50 years old. Serum level of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 were determined by single radial immunodiffusion (Mancini) method. Hemolytic power of complement system was determined by CH50 method. Because serum level of immunoglobulin are age dependent, for each class of them, three reference ranges have been obtained. these include group1 (1-5 years old), group2 (6-18 years old) and group3 (19-50 years old). Results are summarized as below.IgG (mg/dL): groupl (600-1800), group2 (700-2000),  group3 (800-2300)IgA (mg/dL): groupl (80-225), group2 (60-375), group3 (90-450)IgM (mgldL): group1 (90-260), group2 (90-350), group3 (85-410)For C3, C4 or CH50 only a basal reference range (1-50 years old) was determined. The reference range for C3 is 50-170 mg/dL, for C4 is 15-65 mg/dL and for CH50 is 62-170 units/ml Results of this study were compared with reference ranges of American and European populations presented in reference books. IgG and IgM levels of Kermanshah population are higher than the foreign populations (p<0.01), but C3 and C4 levels are lower than published levels for the foreign populations (p<0.01). These differences may be results of ethenic and environmental factors such as more recurent infections in my population.

Recurrent aphtus stomatitis (RAS) is an oral mucous lesion in patients with no other signs of disease. Investigators have always notified the role of immune system especially humoral immunity in aphtus immunopathogenesis. The aim of this case-controlled study was to measure amount of serum immonogiobulins (A, G, M) and complement component (C3 C4) in patients with RAS and to evaluate any relation between differences in these factors and pathogenesis of RAS. Immonogiobulins (A, G, M) and complement components (C3 C4) of 50 patients with RAS were measured using single radial immuno diffusion technique. The results were compared with immonogiobulins (A, G, M) and complement components (C3 C4) of 50 healthy people whom were similar in age and sex with the patients group. Results showed that the patients group had higher level of IgA and IgM while serum IgG was similar in both groups. The C3 was lower in aphtus patients while no significant difference was found in amount of C4. The sex had no significant effect on serum level of measured factors. From the results it can be concluded that the humoral immunity reaction has an important role in immunopathogenesis of RAS. This humoral response might accurse as a result of cellular immunity reaction.