Mastooreh Ardalan and Ayesheh Teimoor are contemporary poets and authors lived in the same period in Iran and Egypt. In spite of the fact that the complications of their time limited women's activity in literary and scientific fields, they found their ways to the Persian and Arabic poetic circle, and they composed the most delicate and stunning poems. Both poets were born from Kurd descendants provided their common concepts in religion. Obligation to Islamic creed and morality are common motifs in their poems. They both emphasize on Islamic cover (Hejab) for women and strongly believe in its dignity. Also, they both have allusions to characters from holy Quran in their poems. Mastooreh has continuously praised Islam's prophet's intimate family members in his poems. Similarly, mystical prays and using Quran lexicons are other association between these two poets. Using library and critical research, this paper aims at comparative study of common religious motifs in poems of these two less recognized poets.

In the contemporary era, along with his changing thought and feelings, human being has transformed story writing, as well and unlike the past, has hidden the meaning under beneath layers of the narrative. In this regard, the place and its meaningful reflections are among the capacities where various elements could be decoded by probing in its aspects. Phenomenology with expanded theories, has attracted the attentions into this meaningful element rather than other sciences. One of the most prominent theories that has been presented about place by phenomenologists is the theory of “, sense of place”, . This sense transforms the space into the place with special sensual features and is considered an important factor for identifying people. A factor which has caused the authors to attribute the targeted positioning in their works to that. ʻ, Aicha Arnaout', is a Syrian –,Albanian author and poet, creator of psychological novel I lead you to others where the place carries the novel meanings and concepts which corresponds to the sense of place. The current research attempts to study the mentioned novel relying on the descriptive-analytical method and based on the mentioned theory, so that it finds information about latent conceptual layers in the place element of this story. Some of obtained results suggest existence of new models in places like home, school and cafes where by receiving the inner sense of place, the author has prepared the ground for a new reading of them.

Although the description of women as “defect of faith, intellect and inheritance” in one of the sermons of The Nahj al-Balagha has long attracted the attention of commentators and narrators, however, in the current era, this sermon has sometimes been criticized for its influence on emerging modern-discourses on women’s rights, especially from the intellectual and dissident currencies. The present study intends to analyze the notion of “defect of intellect” in this sermon, based on the analysis of the narrative and historical heritage of the two sects, relying on the analysis of the discourse atmosphere of issuing of this sermon, in order to obtain another reading of this part of context. Studies show that the new view of the discrediting of this sermon has been due to newly emerging discourses, a lack of careful reading of the sermon, and a lack of attention to its discursive space. While considering the narrations of Kulayni, Ibn Rustam, and Ibn Jawzi, as well as the fame of sermons and passages consistent with the aforementioned sermon, the probability of its issuance increases.In addition, considering the criticisms made against the aforementioned views, the discursive atmosphere of the sermon after the Battle of Jamal, and the passages consistent with the sermon in other sermons, Imam Ali in this sermon is in a situation to condemn the people who obeyed Aisha in the war with Imam Ali, and since the main factor of this war was Aisha, in a new way, Imam Ali sought to awaken the latent conscience of those warriors and make them aware of his great mistake by adapting the defecting in the description of women based on subtle literary metaphors in re-reading some facts or based on customary attitude. Just as Aisha is implicitly condemned.

The comparison of Shia and Sunni jurisprudential hadiths shows that a significant part of Shia jurisprudential hadiths have been almost completely narrated in the form of short stories in Sunni hadith communities. The characters of these short stories are people like Abu Hurairah, Ibn Omar, Ayesha and Ibn Abbas who, in many ways, cannot be narrators of a large volume of prophetic tradition. The accuracy in the history of Shia and Sunni hadith and the transformation of the hadith transmission process from storytelling in the first century to the transmission of jurisprudential traditions in the second century shows the influence of retribution on the quality of the process of hadith transmission and the chain of transmission in the second century Hijri. Retribution had a deep political-religious influence in the society of Iraq and the Levant. The act of retribution had caused the formation of a community with special demands in Iraq and the Levant, which forced the scholars to use the method of narrating jurisprudential hadiths in the form of short stories to revive the prophetic tradition.

Various approaches are adopted to interpret the Quran: doctrinal, scholastic, modern intellectual-social, literary and deviant. This article deals with literary approach which has two variants: expository style and literary tazzavoq (tasting) style.The expository exegesis is based on an admirable, unique, and systematic style which is in contrast with the common Arabic styles and employs expository features including the most innovative, eloquent and soundest meanings. Literary tazzavoq, on the other hand, is based on a balance between substance and subject and tazzavoq is a psychological flow and an intrinsic trend in the Holy Quran, which influences one subconsciously.What makes literary approach significant is that the Quran refers to its literary, eloquent, and rhetorical features as the miraculous aspects of this holy book and challenges others in this respect.Thus, it is imperative for the exegetes to explore the eloquence and other aspects of its literary miraculousness. Given the importance of this issue, two important literary exegetical works (Tafsir al-Kashshaf and al-Tafsir al-Bayani lel-Quran), one of which dates back to the early periods of Islam and the other is related to the contemporary era, are compared here.The most important finding of the present research work is that literary approach with expository style significantly contributes to understanding and interpreting the Devine words and given the progress of eloquent skills, literary exegesis evolves constantly and now it can be pointed out that contemporary exegetes have outshone their predecessors. Among the contemporary exegetes, we may name Aisha Abdul Rahman who has offered a far more complete and beautiful interpretation of the Quran, benefitting from the endeavors of great scholars such as Zamakhshary.

Translation is a channel for exchanging thought and the most important means of communication and development of nations, in which skill and true understanding of the ideas along with accuracy and adherence to style are of great importance. To evaluate the success of a translation, the translation is critiqued. The purpose of criticizing and presenting the shortcomings of the translation is to help to improve it, avoid errors, and try to fix them. Batalata Karbala is a valuable book and an important document of the life of Lady Zaynab and some of the events of Karbala. This book is the work of the Sunni author, Aisha Abd al-Rahman, who published her works under the pen name Bent al-Shati. The present study seeks to criticize the translation of this work, titled “ Zaynab, Banuye Qahraman-e Karbala” by Habibollah Chaichian (Hesan) and Mehdi Ayatollahzadeh Naini to evaluate the success of the translators and determine their errors in translating it. This translation has been analyzed in two parts of merits and shortcomings and two sections of content and form deficiencies.