In linguistics, etymology is to understand the origin of word and how the meaning and form of it changes over the time. So, etymology of word “Tarjomeh” in base of form, meaning and its origin is the case of study. “Tarjomeh” is derivated of ”Tarjoman” which has been mentioned for several meanings in the dictionaries. Today, the most usage of “Tarjomeh” is translating one language to another...

Ever since the rise of Islam the Arab lingusits have done tremendous researches on the Arabic language, specially in the fields of philology, morphology, and rules regulations concenins the development and prinsiples of vocabulary. These researched have led to the recognition of various kinds of vocubulary, along with the rules concerning alterations in the realm of vocabulary. The results of these researches are made manifest in the rise of morphology and lexicography, in the process of which the rules of the Arabic etymology are established. These paper in the light of old and new sources, endeavars to define and elucidate etymology along with its various kinds and rules and regulations concerning etymology.

In this short paper the author sets out to investigate the etymology of the Persian word tarke, which means a slender young bough, a switch. The author suggests that the word is made up of two elements: tar and rake. And he sets out to document each one. There are many instances in which tar is used and the author finds that in each case the meaning is young, fresh or succulent. As for rake, the author's search in various dictionaries yields the following results:rāke =a young branch in Western Gilān;rīkā =a boy, offspring in Mazandaran;rake = any fresh growth or blossom-bearing branch in Borhān Qāte'. And so tar and rake have combined and in the course of time the two elements have fused together to yield the present-day tarke.

Till now several books and articles have been written explaining the history of Isphahan, but throughout these works little has been written about the historical changes and the root of this word. The names of many geographical places are still unknown due to different narrations. We can easily find out the original names of many places with the help of   the phonetic changes in their names.To write this article at first all the geographical text written by the pre Islamic or Islamic authors was collected, secondly the view of different German linguists regarding phonetic changes was gathered from different books available in the libraries.In the beginning of this article a brief history and the meaning of the word Isphahan is being given. This information is collected from different historical sources.Moreover the phonetic changes from the Indo European till the Modern Persian era in the two reconstructed words ‘Sipah’ (army) and ‘Asb’ (horse) have also been  pointed out.As a conclusion it can be said that on the basis of the phonetic changes in the above mentioned words it is apprehended that the word Sepah is linked to Isphahan.

In this study the common usage of the Persian words "joft" and "yoogh" (mean two or pair in agricultural contexts), along with their varied pronunciations has been shown. Old documents and dialectal usages of the two words show that both of them signify two or pair, that they have been used interchangeably, and that sometimes both of them have the same pronunciation. Also, the history of their phonological development reveals their common root. Considering the common root and common meaning of the two words, one mistake in writing in several poems has been emended.

The Quranic word "Mahsur" is used only once in the verse 29 of Surah al-Isra. Arabic lexicographers and Muslim commentators have explained that the word "Mahsur" is formed from the root "Hsr" and has different meanings. According to these lexical and interpretative views, the translators of the Holy Qur'an have quoted different equivalents for the word.Accordingly, in the present article, after a detailed explanation of these views, we have examined and searched Semitic languages for the word and its origin.We have shown that the root "Hsr" has been used in all Semitic languages. However we have not found the word "Mahsur" in the Semitic languages such as Aramaic, Syriac, and so on, but in Hebrew and specifically in the Old Testament, we have found it in a similar context.In the end, based on this etymology, we have evaluated the equivalents of the Quranic word "Mahsur" and then we proposed our own equivalent; "destitute" or "poor".

“Ghayyum” (Absolute Self-Existent) is one of Allah’s exalted names mentioned in the Holy Quran, and due to its occurrence in the popular and much-recited verse, Ayat-ol-Korsi, has become a catchword among Muslims. Meanwhile, various discussions about the literal and interpretive meanings of the term indicate the distinguished place it has had from antiquity among exegetes and the diverse meanings ascribed to it.In this article it has been attempted to offer an Arabic lexical model based on terms like Iblis and Ghistas, in order to provide a new suggestion about the structure of Ghayyum. Using an etymological approach, the lexical structure of various other words in Hebraic, Aramean, Syriac and Latin languages have been observed for discovering the lexical structure of Ghayyum.

The teaching experience shows that sometimes the etymology of words can enhance second language vocabulary learning and sometimes knowing the synonymous words help second language learners in improving their lexical knowledge. As these two are from among the most frequent ones, the major issue in this study is to evaluate the role of teaching etymologies in comparison with giving known synonyms of the words in learning the vocabulary. As the learners’ ability in using words after passing some time of learning is important, the effect of these two methods on short term and long term retention across different proficiency levels were investigated. The participants were 120 learners at Alzahra University in Tehran, Iran. Based on the results of PET test they were classified into two groups of elementary and advanced levels of language proficiency. They were taught the vocabulary items through etymology and synonym. The results demonstrated the mnemonic efficacy of etymology presentation at high level in both short and long term retention.

The purpose of this paper is to survey the views of classical Persian writers and poets on etymology. These views are discussed under the following headings and sub-headings: 1. unauthentic etymology, with the related sub-headings etymology and writing errors, colloquial etymology, aesthetic language games. 2. Authentic etymology, with the related sub-headings indirect etymology, semidirect etymology, direct etymology, which is in fact conscious etymology.

The term aṣnām is a Quranic word that, while often simply translated as idol, presents significant linguistic ambiguities and questions. This term requires thorough investigation both in terms of its etymology and its cultural context during the time of revelation. This study aims to address these issues. Methodologically, this research employs historical linguistics, focusing on Semitic and Sumerian etymology, and in some aspects, textual analysis of the Quran. As a result, it can be said that in the history of Semitic languages, the word ṣanam traces back to the root ṣlm, which has a meaning similar to its Quranic usage and is common among many of these languages. Ultimately, however, all these cognates trace back to an Akkadian word that spread through Aramaic to Nabataean and then to ancient northern Arabic. The Akkadian term itself does not have a Semitic origin but is derived from a Sumerian word, which in its literal and pre-terminological sense means carved, shaped, constructed (object). While in the Arabic of the Qurʾān, al-awthān refers to the common idols of the polytheists within Arabia, al-aṣnām evokes more specific idols, often larger and sometimes made of materials like metal. The construction of such idols was only possible with the technology and arts of surrounding civilizations, such as Mesopotamia and the Levant.