Emulsifying porous polymers have many pharmaceutical and industrial applications and are considered as new materials for separation. In this research, first the emulsion synthesis of poly (styrene-di vinylbenzene) was performed and then the effect of increasing the functional group of sodium styrene sulfonic acid on the hydrophilicity of the emulsion porous polymer poly (styrene-divinylbenzene) was investigated. Scanning Electron Microscope to study surface morphology and determine the size distribution of surface cavities and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis test to investigate the presence of sulfur and sodium atoms in the surface of functionalized porous polymer and contact angle measuring device with Coupled-Camera Devise(CCD) and with software for measuring the contact angle of droplet contact with the surface to evaluate the hydrophilicity of the surface of polymerized emulsion polymer poly (styrene-divinylbenzene) were used. Increasing sodium styrene sulfonic acid has no effect on the shape and size of the cavities formed, but the hydrophilicity of the samples increased with increasing sulfone factor in the aqueous phase and the appropriate percentage of sodium styrene sulfonic acid in the aqueous phase was about 2%. With an increase of more than 2%, a slight increase in the hydrophilicity of the surface of the emulsion porous polymer poly (styrene-divinylbenzene) was activated and the graph became almost flat with slope changes insignificant.

In this work, we have accomplished first principles calculations to scan the geometrical and electronic behaviors of GaN substrates functionalized with transition metal (Co, Cu and Ni) adatoms. The adsorption capacity of the Ni-adsorbed GaN monolayers was also evaluated to take advantage of applying these improved nanosystems in gas sensor devices. Among these transition metal adatoms, the highest adsorption energy and geometrical stability belong to the Ni adsorption on the GaN monolayer. All the transition metals prefer the nitrogen site of GaN monolayer for adsorption. Besides, all the transition metal adsorbed GaN monolayers unveil semiconducting activities due to the band gap rise around the Fermi level. The charge densities were comprehensive between the transition metals and nitrogen atoms of GaN system, indicating the chemical reaction between them. Subsequently, the adsorption features of CO, NO and NO2 on the surface of pristine and Ni-adsorbed GaN were surveyed in detail. The results indicated that the gas molecules are sturdily chemisorbed on the Ni-adsorbed GaN. Therefore, Ni functionalization expressively enhanced the sensitivity of GaN monolayer for gas trapping. Our results highlighted that the Ni-adsorbed GaN monolayers will help to encourage scientists to develop improved 2D GaN-based sensor systems in the future.

Melt free-radical grafting reactions between ethylene-propylene-dieneterpolymer (EPDM) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) were investigated in a batch mixer (170°, C, 60rpm). Effect of dicumylperoxide (DCP) initiator and GMA Functionalizing monomer concentrations was studied on the grafted EPDM characteristics. Titration results indicated an increase in the graft degree (GD) and gel content (GC) values with increasing DCP concentration as a result of increasing primary free radical concentration and strengthening cross-linking side reaction. FTIR spectrums confirmed that GMA functionalities have been grafted onto EPDM with appearing carbonyl (C=O) peak. After that, the resultant EPDM-g-GMA was used as compatibilizer in PS(polystyrene)/EPDM/ PA6 (polyamide6) ternary blends. The effect of rubbery compatibilizer on the blend morphology and mechanical properties was studied. The ATR-FTIR spectra of ternary blends, etched to remove unreacted PA6, demonstrated that the compatibilizing reactions occurred during melt blending. By investigating the SEM micrographs it was revealed that the EPDM-g-GMA compatibilizer at the concentration range of 5 wt. % to 15 wt. % changed the size and type of the blend morphology from separated dispersed to multicore-shell morphology. The finest morphology was achieved by using 7. 5 wt. % EPDM-g-GMA. Also, the presence of compatibilizer up to 7. 5 wt. % could improve the tensile modulus, yield stress and impact strength, but a decreasing trend was observed at higher concentration of the compatibilizer.

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide, mostly due to coronary artery disease. This problem is caused by the narrowing of the arteries due to the accumulation of plaques and thus restricts the blood flow, which causes angina or a heart attack. In order to solve this disease, advanced stents have been designed and produced. The aim is to give an overview of cardiovascular stents from their initial appearance as simple and relatively crude structures and finally to multifunctional devices that provide the possibility of Functionalizing the surface of the stent with biological agents through cell stimulation and special technologies. This study reviews various types of permanent and biodegradable coronary stents and developed stents that have been adopted by Functionalizing the stent with proteins or growth factors.

Background: Current study is aimed at designing and producing gold-nanoparticle based aptasensor for colorimetric detection of tri-nitro toluene (TNT).Materials and Methods: Gold-nanoparticles have a wide range of application in designing biosensors for their special and highly sensitive plasmonic characteristics. In the present study, TNT molecule has been detected by designing and producing gold nanoparticle based aptasensor. After synthesizing gold nanoparticles and Functionalizing them by ssDNA aptamer having 52 nucleotides, aptasensor performance for detecting target molecule was evaluated. Techniques such as dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron micro-scope and UV-Vis spectrophotometer were used to characterize the size and shape of nanoparticles, Functionalizing them by aptamer, and also their sensitivity to detect target.Results: UV-Vis spectrophotometer, DLS, and TEM microscopy tests indicated that gold nanoparticles were synthesized with excel-lent quality and average size of 40 nm. TNT molecule was colorimetric detected with sensitivity of 15 nanomolar using gold nanoparticle based aptasensor.Conclusion: According to the results it can argue that the strategy promises a novel method in detection due to wide range of such aptasensors detection. .