Protective steel doors are widely used in buildings due to their high resistance against the impact loads. However, its heavy weight has been always considered as a major drawback for these doors. In this paper, a new Optimized stiffened impact-protective steel door incorporating sandwich panel with aluminum foam core (OSSA) is examined. This door consists of two face sheets, main and secondary stiffeners, and aluminum foam as the inner core. In order to optimize the door, at first the rigidity and weight functions of the stiffened steel door were extracted. Then an optimal door weighing 42% less than the primary door was obtained. Due to the high energy absorption capacity of the combined foam core and stiffened steel door structure, the use of aluminum foam core in the Optimized steel door was proposed. By doing numerical analysis, and depending on the thickness of the face sheet of OSSA, 20 to 32% reduction in the maximum displacement was observed. The results also showed that, with 67% increase in the peak overpressure, OSSA has kept almost the same maximum displacement as that of the steel door without an aluminum foam. In other words, by using aluminum foam core in the Optimized stiffened door, the door will resist 67% more impact load.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to develop an Optimized formulation for labeling a third-generation bisphosphonate, zoledronic acid with [99mTc] Tc to achieve the best formulation in preparing an ideal skeletal radiotracer. Radiocomplex yield and purity, stability, biodistribution and imaging in normal rat were investigated. Methods: The samples containing different amounts of zoledronic acid, ascorbic acid and stannous chloride were prepared and labeled with [ 99m Tc]technetium pertechnetate. TLC methods were used to determine the radiochemical purity. The stability was determined in saline and human serum solutions. Lipophilicity was calculated by measuring radio-complex that was divided between organic and aqueous phases. In vitro bone affinity was studied through hydroxyapatite binding assays. Considering the decomposition of radioactivity, biodistribution of radio-complex was assessed based on the percentage of injected activity per gram of organ (% IA/g). Results: [99mTc]Tc-zoledronic acid was prepared easily with high yield while 100 µ, g, 0. 34 µ, mol of zoledronic acid as a ligand and 100 µ, g, 0. 44 µ, mol SnCl2 as a reducing agent were used. Radiochemical purity of radio-complex was more than 99% with specific activity of 8050 MBq/µ, mol. The radio-complex showed rapid blood washout along with high bone uptake value (4. 53 ±,0. 14 % IA/g at 2 h post injection). Conclusion: Under Optimized condition, [99mTc]Tc-zoledronic acid was prepared with high purity and stability together with high bone affinity and rapid blood clearance, make this radio-complex an ideal agent with great potential for skeletal imaging.

IntroductionOptimal cultivation patterns are necessary for the sustainable development of agriculture and the protection of land and water resources, and the need for it has deepened. In the context of sustainable agricultural development, the optimization of the cultivation pattern, in addition to the economic benefits, should also follow the subsequent environmental effects. Due to the limitation of water resources in different regions of the world, joint use of surface and groundwater has become very important. Optimizing the joint use of surface and groundwater has become a necessary contribution to sustainable irrigation methods, and due to this, there is a need to improve methods of joint use of surface and underground water. The purpose of this research is to use a new comprehensive structure of multi-objective simulator-optimizer in order to simultaneously formulate the optimal cultivation pattern and the optimal allocation of surface and groundwater resources for the integrated management of the water resources system and solving complex water resources problems.   Materials and MethodsThe study area in this research is Shahriar Plain in Tehran Province, Iran. Shahriar Plain is located on the western outskirts of Tehran city. In this study, a multi-objective simulator-optimizer modeling pattern was prepared and for this purpose, it was first simulated using the groundwater modeling system (GMS) of the groundwater level. Then six scenarios including a 50 % increase in artificial recharge, 50 % increase in artificial recharge and 30 % reduction in consumption from exploitation wells, 50 % increase in artificial recharge and 40 % reduction in consumption from exploitation wells, 30 % reduction in consumption from exploitation wells, 40 % The reduction of consumption from exploitation wells, elimination of drinking and industrial exploitation wells and its impact on the aquifer was defined based on the groundwater level in order to optimally exploit the aquifer of the study area. After this step, the groundwater level was estimated using the artificial neural network (ANN) model. Finally, the two objective functions of income to cost and groundwater level changes were estimated based on the constraints related to the conditions of the desired area by a multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II).  Results and DiscussionThe GMS model in a steady state was calibrated. The RMSE error was 0.71 meters and the maximum and minimum differences between observed and calculated values were calculated as 1.73 and 0.001 meters, respectively. The maximum amount of yield water in the calibration stage of the unstable state is 0.0976 and related to the northern regions of the area and due to the coarseness of the alluvial formations in these areas, and its minimum value is 0.0003 and related to the southern regions of the area. The results obtained from the model showed the RMSE error at this stage and the verification mode equal to 0.72 and 0.98 meters, respectively. Also, the budget resulting from the third scenario of the GMS was estimated to be 203 (MCM), which has increased by 313 (MCM) compared to the budget resulting from this model in the water year 95, and has caused an increase of the groundwater level by 13 meters. Therefore, the model has adequately simulated the groundwater flow in the aquifer. Also, the results of the optimization model showed the highest amount of optimal irrigation demand for Eslamshahr district at 66%, then Shahriyar at 20%, and finally Robat Karim at 14%. Optimal water demand volume and area under cultivation in the total state, have decreased by 36%, and the volume of groundwater consumption by 74 percent compared to the current conditions. The amount of optimal water consumption (surface water and groundwater) of agricultural products also shows the values of 36, 39, and 25% respectively in Shahriar, Eslamshahr, and Robat Karim districts, which according to this issue, water consumption in the agricultural sector is in optimal conditions compared to the current situation has decreased by 44 %. The highest parameter of the ratio of income to cost obtained is related to Shahriar district, then Robat Karim district and finally Eslamshahr district. The results of the simulator models show the groundwater level changes resulting from the third scenario compared to the neural network model by 11 m. Finally, Optimal cultivation pattern planning and exploitation of water resources compared to the third scenario of the model and the neural network model, was chosen as the pattern of optimal water planning.    ConclusionProducts such as vegetables, alfalfa, onions, grapes, pears, and pomegranates can be used more in the study areas, because the amount of income to cost and volume of water consumed have been suitable, and these factors have been very effective in increasing the net profit and changes in the groundwater level, and prevent the occurrence of crime and water complex problems. Also, optimal cultivation pattern planning and exploitation of water resources compared to the third scenario of the GMS and the neural network model, was evaluated as the selected optimal planning pattern of water resources. Therefore, by applying the desired research policies and optimal management and control of the cultivation pattern of agricultural products and available water resources, in addition to preventing the occurrence of crisis in water issues, environmental and economic problems can also be reduced.  

Introduction: Using grape seed oil in the diet can play an important role in the health of consumers, due to its richness of essential fatty acids and antioxidant compounds such as tocopherols and polyphenols. However, the oxidative stability of this oil is relatively low and mixing it with more stable oils such as sesame oil can be a good way to improve its oxidative stability. However, during the heating of vegetable oils, some of their physical and chemical properties change, such as: increasing the number of acidic and peroxide, reducing the oxidative stability, changing the type and amount of pigments, and eventually forming a dimmer and Polymers that increase the viscosity of oils (Casal et al., 2010). The effect of frying heat on the composition and chemical properties of various vegetable oils such as olive oil (Romano et al., 2012) and sunflower oil (Norstand et al., 2006) have been tested by various researchers. However, no research has ever been carried out on the effect of frying on the quality characteristics of a mixture of sesame oil and grape seed oil. Accordingly, after obtaining an optimum formulation of sesame and grape seed oil mixture in the initial research (Khakbaz Heshmati et al., 2019), in this study, possible changes in some of the qualitative properties of optimal formulation during the frying process were investigated and also, an optimal sample was compared with commercial frying oil to evaluate the effect of frying on some quality properties of a mixture of sesame oil and grape seed oil, to produce oily products with beneficial nutritional properties without synthetic anti-oxidants for frying. Material and methods: In the preliminary research carried out by Khakbaz Heshmati et al. (2019), the samples obtained from mixing different proportions of sesame oil (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) with grape seed oil (100, 75, 50, 25 and 0%) was prepared and evaluated in terms of peroxide number, iodine number, fatty acid profile, oxidative stability, total phenol and antioxidant activity, the results of this study showed that with increasing the ratio of sesame oil from 25 to 75%, the linoleic acid content of the samples decreased; while oleic, palmitic and stearic fatty acids increased in combined samples. Increasing the proportion of sesame oil in the mixture, reduced the iodine number and peroxide index of the samples. The addition of sesame oil in different ratios to grape seed oil, increased the number of phenolic compounds and antioxidant strength, resulting in the oxidative stability of the mixed samples. According to the results of the evaluation of chemical and antioxidant properties and also due to the low price of the product, the formulation of 25% grape seed oil + 75% sesame oil was selected as the optimal formulation for different mixing percentages of grape seed and sesame oils (Khakbaz Heshmati et al., 2019). To proceed with this study, sesame oil and grape seed oil of 200 grams (w/w) were poured in a laboratory container and homogeneously mixed with a magnetic stirrer (at ambient temperature) to form a uniform mixture. In the next step, to test the oil quality changes during the frying process, four samples of 150 grams of optimum oil formulation were prepared without any additives and were poured into glass containers. Samples were heated in an oven at 160 ° C and at 0 ° C (control sample), for 30, 60 and 90 minutes. After cooling in the desiccator, the samples were stored at-18° C until the test. Also, a commercial oil (a combination of sunflower, soybean, palm olein, palm super olein, and canola) used as the control sample in this study. It was purchased immediately after production and kept until the research was carried out at-18 ° C. In this research, the thermal stability of the mixture of sesame oil (75%) and grape seed oil (25%) as the Optimized formulation, was investigated for 90 minutes of frying process at 180° C and compared with the frying oil. During the frying process, at 30 minutes intervals, the main oil qualitative indicators including acid number, peroxide value, p-anisidine value, phenolic compounds, and polar components were measured. Results and discussion: In this study, a mixture of sesame oil and grape seed oil was heated at 180° C and, the quality factors of the oil were investigated for 90 minutes. The results showed that by the increasing heating time acid value of the mixture of sesame oil and grape seed oil increased significantly, which resulted in hydrolysis and release of fatty acids. By increasing heating time up to 60 minutes due to oxidation of peroxides, peroxide value increased significantly. However, by the continuation of the heating process, the initial oxidation products were unstable and, by the decomposition of these products, the peroxide value was reduced. By the decomposition of peroxides, the anisidine value increased significantly. With the increasing heating time, the oxidation of phenolic compounds increased and, the number of phenolic compounds decreasing. Comparison of the acid values and peroxide value of the mixture of sesame oil and grape seed oil with the permitted values of the Iranian national standard showed that these values were not within the permitted range while the number of polar compounds was within the allowable range. As a result, it was noted that the mixture of sesame oil and grape seed oil, although suitable for short-term heating and cooking. But it did not gain usability as a frying oil. It is not an applicable oil for long-term heating and frying. The results of specific tests of frying oils showed that, with increasing frying time, the acid number, panisidine value, and polar components were increased but peroxide value increased only for the first 60 minutes of the process and then decreased. Conclusion: Comparison of the obtained values for different factors of sesame and grape seed oil with the national Iranian standard limits showed that the parameters of acid number and peroxide value were more than the national standard of Iran, but the content of polar compounds was within the permissible national standard of Iran. Finally, the mixture of sesame oil and grape seed oil is not suitable for long term heating and frying.

Edible coatings are thin layers that are on surface of food materials and they are such as protector.Films and edible coating which are prepared from natural polymers especially proteins are under consideration in recently years. Aim of this search, is possibility of production of edible film from chickpea protein isolated and determinate the effect of chickpea protein isolated concentration and plasticizer percent on some properties of edible film. So was considered with using from central composite design of chickpea protein isolated in concentrations 4 -10 g, and glycerol plasticizer in range of 40- 60% of weight of chickpea protein isolated in pH=9.5. In this study was considered physical and qualitative examination like water vapor permeability, film solubility, transparency of edible films. Results showed that percent of plasticizer in experiments had right effect on water vapor permeability; thus increasing of protein concentration was caused increasing of water vapor permeability measure at statistical surface (P<0.01). The increase of plasticizer concentration is caused solving of films and increase of protein isolated concentration is caused to decrease of transparency of edible films.

One of the most significant issues in pharmaceutical industries, prior to commercialization of a pharmaceutical preparation is the “preformulation” stage. However, far too attention has been paid to verification of the software assisted statistical designs in preformulation studies. The main aim of this study was to report a step by step preformulation approach for a semisolid preparation based on a statistical mixture design and to verify the predictions made by the software with an in-vitro efficacy bioassay test.Extreme vertices mixture design (4 factors, 4 levels) was applied for preformulation of a semisolid Povidone Iodine preparation as Water removable ointment using different PolyEthylenGlycoles. Software Assisted (Minitab) analysis was then performed using four practically assessed response values including; Available iodine, viscosity (N index and yield value) and water absorption capacity. Subsequently mixture analysis was performed and finally, an Optimized formulation was proposed.The efficacy of this formulation was bioassayed using microbial tests in-vitro and MIC values were calculated for Escherichia coli, pseudomonaaeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.Results indicated the acceptable conformity of the measured responses. Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed design had an adequate power to predict the responses in practice. Stability studies, proved no significant change during the one year study for the Optimized formulation. Efficacy was eligible on all tested species and in the case of staphylococcus aureus;the prepared semisolid formulation was even more effective.

Many tubular joints commonly found in offshore jacket structures are multi-planar. Investigating the effect of loaded out-of-plane braces on the values of the stress concentration factor (SCF) in offshore tubular joints has been the objective of numerous research works. However, due to the diversity of joint types and loading conditions, several quite important cases still exist that have not been studied thoroughly. Among them are internally ring-stiffened multi-planar XT-joints subjected to axial loading. In the present research, data extracted from the stress analysis of 81 finite element (FE) models, verified using experimental test results, was used to study the effects of geometrical parameters on the chord-side SCFs in multi-planar tubular XT-joints reinforced with internal ring stiffeners subjected to two types of axial loading. Parametric FE study was followed by a set of the nonlinear regression analyses to develop four new SCF parametric equations for the fatigue analysis and design of axially loaded multi-planar XT-joints reinforced with internal ring stiffeners.

Purpose: To compare the visual outcome between wavefront-Optimized (WFO) and topography-guided customized ablation (T-CAT) for compound myopic astigmatism.Methods: This double blind, prospective clinical trial study comprised 40 eyes (21 patients) with compound myopic astigmatism. Myopia was considered between 1 to 8 diopters and astigmatism was considered between 1 to 3 diopters. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: 1) the wavefront Optimized group and 2) the topography-guided group. All surgeries were done with Allegretto WaveLight® EX500laser eximer. Visual acuity, refractive error, corneal aberrations, ocular high order aberrations and corneal asphericity were measured before and 6 months after surgery. The results were compared between the two groups.Results: Six months after surgery, the best corrected visual acuity was similar in two groups. Mean spherical equivalent refraction was -4.33 ± 1.7D and -4.13 ± 1.61 D (P=0.528) to -0.06 ± 0.14 D and -0.04 ± 0.09D (P=0.586) in wavefront Optimized and topography-guided groups after surgery. Less stromal tissue was ablated in the topography-guided group than in the wavefront Optimized group (P=0.969). There was no significant difference between the 3rd and 4th grade corneal aberrations between the two groups before and after the surgery (P>0.05). Corneal spherical aberration was increased in both groups. This increase was higher in the WFO group (P=0.798). Higher order aberrations increased from 0.35 ± 0.14 m and 0.35 ± 0.11 m (P=0.496) to 0.52 ± 0.15m and 0.49 ± 0.16 m (P=0.786) in the WFO and T-CAT groups, respectively. Corneal asphericity increased in group two, which was higher in the WFO group (P=0.679).Conclusion: The results of topography-guided and wavefront Optimized treatments with Allegretto eximer laser were similar in the correction of compound myopic astigmatism, but TCAT induced fewer HOAs.

Companies face changes, which sometimes appears as an opportunity and sometimes as a threat. Therefore, organizations must defend themselves against these challenges.Accordingly using the process of strategic planning plays a key role in the success of organizations, awareness of strength & weakness of the internal factors of organization and opportunities & threats. This helps the organization to evaluate its strategic position & place. In this article, the comprehensive framework for strategy formulation is used to formulate the strategy, after forming the strategy formulation committee, the mission statement of Dextroze Iran Company is appointed at the initiating stage; then at the input stage the External Factor Evaluation and Internal Factor Evaluation are brought. In comparing stage, we used SWOT matrix and Internal–External matrix with the information gathered from previous stages. At the final stage, corporate-level strategies are identified and ranked by using Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix.