INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY OF EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES AND LIFESTYLE | Year:2021 | دوره:8 |Papers Count:5

COVID-19 outbreak has altered individuals meaning in life in several ways. People all around the world are going through life-changing losses which inevitably influence their meaning in life, how they make sense of the world and how they make meaning about the pandemic. Meaning in life is very important during such hard times because it is a construct that fosters resilience and psychological well-being. The way individuals make sense of the world and the ongoing situation influences their coping mechanisms. Moreover, meaning-making processes can help individuals avoid complicated grief, PTSD, worry, and even reach post-traumatic growth. Investigating the different aspects of people’ s life influenced by COVID-19 and the role played by meaning, this review tries to bring about a better understanding of meaning as a construct that contributes to better adapting. It also gathers four methods for enhancing meaning in life and meaning-making processes in order to improve resilience and well-being in people. This methods include life crafting intervention, creativity, family meaning making and ways to foster meaning making of the COVID-19 in general population.

Child development theories focus on explaining how children change and grow over the course of childhood. Such theories center on various aspects of development including social, emotional, and cognitive growth. The aim of this study was study of modern research in child's psychometric tools "systematic Review". Number of 40 article published peer-reviewed English language research studies examining the psychometric properties, interpretability and feasibility of instrument measures of children were considered for inclusion in the review. Unpublished manuscripts, reviews, guidelines, commentaries and other descriptive articles were excluded. Published abstracts were also not included as the information provided in abstracts is limited and frequently non-peer reviewed. Studies published in languages other than English were also excluded due to time and financial constraints (translation costs). Finding shown that many tools have been developed to measure different child growth rates that this systematic review provides evidence of the psychometric properties and feasibility of commonly used instrument about child's measures. Results shown that for children under 2 years of age, few psychometric tools have been evaluated. Therefore, it is recommended that future researchers target tools made for children under 2 years of age.

The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has been with us since the end of 2019 (World Health Organization, 2020) and has brought profound changes to the way we live. The aim of this Research was study of New Tools in the Field of Measuring the Psychological Variables Affected by the Prevalence of Coronavirus "systematic Review". Number of 33 article published peer-reviewed English language research studies examining the psychometric properties, interpretability and feasibility of instruments measure of Psychological Variables Affected by the Prevalence of Coronavirus were considered for inclusion in the review. Unpublished manuscripts, reviews, guidelines, commentaries and other descriptive articles were excluded. Published abstracts were also not included as the information provided in abstracts is limited and frequently non-peer reviewed. Studies published in languages other than English were also excluded due to time and financial constraints (translation costs). Finding shown that The number of questionnaires made about the psychological effects of this disease on humans, especially in our country, is very small. It is better to take a stronger and more efficient step in preventing the psychological effects of this disease by studying more carefully and in principle and preparing questionnaires or interview principles.

Online learning in higher education has been increasingly popular all around the world. One of the main online educators' issues is creating effective online teaching methods that foster actual learning and teaching with curiosity, energy, creativity, and problem-solving skills. The purpose of this study was twofold: first, to identify the online teaching methods that are used for online classes, and, second to find the degree of interactivity of online instructors in online courses at Eastern Mediterranean University (EMU). This case study was done within the qualitative research paradigm, analyzing data through content analysis methods. Semi-structured interviews with predetermined open-ended questions were used to collect data about the existing online courses. Findings indicated that the traditional lecture method is the main online teaching method and the degree of interactivity in online classes is low. The findings also showed that due to the low level of interaction between teachers and students in online classes, teachers do not get feedback from the students. At the end of this research, it is concluded that replacing the traditional lecture method with another interactive strategy such as the reflective teaching method can affect the quality of online programs in the university.

Introduction: Job stress and low job self-efficacy are among the most important job hazards in the modern era. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of self-hypnosis training and ego strengthening on reducing job stress and increasing job selfefficacy of Mashhad girls' primary school teachers. Method: The present study is a quasiexperimental study that was conducted in 1398 on 24 teachers working in girls' primary schools in two groups of self-hypnosis (n = 12) and control (n = 12). The intervention group underwent 3 individual sessions of self-hypnosis training and ego strengthening, each session for 90 minutes once a week. Data were collected by Riggs-Knight Job Self-Efficacy Scale and Cohen Job Stress during three stages before intervention, after intervention and one month later and analyzed using Mancova test. Results: The results showed that the mean scores of job selfefficacy and job stress during the test stages in the self-hypnosis and ego strengthening training groups showed a significant increase and decrease compared to the control group (P <0. 05), respectively. Also, in the follow-up stage after one month, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in job stress compared to the control group compared to the post-test and pre-test (P <0. 05), but in job self-efficacy, no significant difference was observed between the post-test and follow-up. P> 0. 05). Conclusion: According to the research findings, selfhypnosis training and ego strengthening are effective in reducing job stress and increasing job self-efficacy.