INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS IN 21ST CENTURY | Year:2016 | دوره:2 |Papers Count:6

THIS PAPER CONDUCTS A CASE STUDY ON THE BUYER-SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AUTOMOTIVE COMPONENT MANUFACTURE AND CUTTING TOOLS SUPPLIERS AND TRIES TO ILLUSTRATE THE IMPORTANCE OF HAVING STRONG RELATIONSHIPS WITH SUPPLIER AND NECESSITY OF FINDING A SMALL NUMBER OF SUPPLIERS TO WORK WITH FOR SMES COMPONENT MANUFACTURERS. IT EXAMINES A.M.G.A CO, WHICH IS CONSIDERED AS A SME MANUFACTURING CROP, BY FOCUSING ON BUYER-SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIP TO QUANTIFY THE IMMEDIATE RESULTS OF THE FAVORABLE SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIP AND MEASURES IMPROVEMENTS BASED ON QUANTITY OF PRODUCTION, SCRAPS. THE REQUIRED DATA GATHERED THROUGH CONDUCTING A SERIES OF INTERVIEWS WITH A.M.G.A CUSTOMERS AND A NUMBER OF TOOLS SUPPLIERS AND USING AVAILABLE DATA IN A.M.G.A CO BOARD MEMBER'S ANNUAL REPORT. ANALYZING BUILDING-RELATIONSHIP PROCESS, IT IS REVEALED THAT THE RELATIONSHIP IS ESTABLISHED WHEN UNCERTAINTY IS REDUCED AND RELATIONSHIP BECOME A TOOL TO INCREASE EFFICIENCY, DECREASE SCRAPS, SOLVE FINANCIAL PROBLEMS, AND GET NEW TECHNOLOGY.

THIS STUDY WAS CARRIED OUT TO INVESTIGATION VAMPIRE EFFECT MARKETING SUCCESS IN IRANIAN COMPANIES. THIS STUDY WAS A DESCRIPTIVE SURVEY AND THE SURVEY INSTRUMENT WAS A RESEARCHER-MADE QUESTIONNAIRE. STATISTICAL SOCIETY WAS ALL OF MANAGERS IN INDUSTRIAL COMPANIES OF TEHRAN. SAMPLE SIZE (245 PERSONS) DETERMINATION IS BASED ON THE KREJCIE AND MORGAN TABLE AND CLUSTER RANDOM SAMPLING METHOD WAS USED. AFTER DATA COLLECTION, DATA ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED USING SPSS. RESULTS SHOWED THAT SIZE OF COMPANY, PRODUCT TYPE AND CUSTOMER BEHAVIOR AFFECT VAMPIRE EFFECT MARKETING SUCCESS IN IRANIAN COMPANIES.

THE TERM ‘EMPLOYEE RELATIONS’ WAS CONCEIVED AS A REPLACEMENT FOR THE TERM ‘INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS’ BUT IT'S PRECISE MEANING IN TODAY’S WORKPLACES NEEDS CLARIFICATION. IN 2010/11, CIPD UNDERTOOK RESEARCH INTO THE CHANGING NATURE OF EMPLOYEE RELATIONS WORK IN UK ORGANIZATIONS, THROUGH INTERVIEWS WITH HR AND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS MANAGERS TO PROVIDE A SNAPSHOT OF CURRENT ATTITUDES AND PRACTICE.‘INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS’ IS GENERALLY UNDERSTOOD TO REFER TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYERS AND EMPLOYEES COLLECTIVELY. THE TERM IS NO LONGER WIDELY USED BY EMPLOYERS BUT SUMMONS UP A SET OF EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIPS THAT NO LONGER WIDELY EXIST, EXCEPT IN SPECIFIC SECTORS AND, EVEN THERE, IN MODIFIED FORM.CONSISTENT WITH THE THEORY THAT HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT INFLUENCES ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AND RISK, WE FIND THAT EMPLOYEERELATIONS EXPLAIN THE CROSS-SECTIONAL VARIATION IN CREDIT RISK. WE CONSTRUCT AN AGGREGATE MEASURE FOR THE QUALITY OF EMPLOYEERELATIONS BASED ON THE FIRM’S ENGAGEMENT IN EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES AND POLICIES, AND DOCUMENT THAT FIRMS WITH STRONGER EMPLOYEERELATIONS ENJOY A STATISTICALLY AND ECONOMICALLY LOWER COST OF DEBT FINANCING, HIGHER CREDIT RATINGS, AND LOWER FIRM-SPECIFIC RISK. THESE FINDINGS ARE ROBUST TO THE INCLUSION OF A COMPREHENSIVE SET OF CONTROLS AND TO ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATIONS.THIS REVIEW HIGHLIGHTS SOME OF THE MORE IMPORTANT EMPLOYEE RELATION ASPECTS INVOLVED IN STARTING, ESTABLISHING, OR EXPANDING AN EXISTING IN AN ORGANIZATION. DESPITE A COMPETITIVE COMPENSATION PACKAGE, STAFF-RELATED CONFLICTS CAN SOMETIMES HAMPER THE PROGRESS OF A ORGANIZATION. SUCH CONFLICTS CAN BE REDUCED BY HAVING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES IN PLACE FOR EACH EMPLOYEE THAT SET EXPECTATIONS CONCERNING THE HOURS OF OPERATION, PROFESSIONAL MANNER, DRESS CODE, JOB TASKS, PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONS, DISCIPLINARY ACTIONS, AND TERMINATION IF VIOLATIONS OCCUR. UNDERSTANDING THE LEGAL REQUIREMENTS SET BY VARIOUS GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES, IT CAN HELP ENSURE THAT THE RIGHTS AND WELL-BEING OF EVERY EMPLOYEE ARE PROTECTED.

THERE IS AGREEMENT ON THIS ISSUE THAT NONFINANCIAL CRITERIONS REMOVE DEFECTS OF FINANCIAL CRITERION FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION THESE DAYS. THEREFORE, THE NONFINANCIAL CRITERIONS WILL BE EFFECTIVE, WHEN THEY HAVE DIFFERENT EFFECTS FROM FINANCIAL CRITERIONS, AND THESE EFFECTS ARE SIGNIFICANTLY MORE IMPORTANT THAN FINANCIAL CRITERIONS. IT IS ASSUMED IN THIS RESEARCH WHICH IS DESCRIPTIVE-SURVEYING RESEARCH THAT THE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION CRITERIONS INFLUENCE ON EMPLOYEES’ JOB SATISFACTION. THIS EFFECT OCCURS WHEN EMPLOYEES BELIEVE ON FAVORITE PROCEDURES OF PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND TRUTH OF BOSSES. ACCORDING TO 87 SELECTED SAMPLES BY CLUSTERING METHOD, RESEARCH RESULTS SHOWED THAT USING FINANCIAL AND NONFINANCIAL CRITERIONS OF PERFORMANCE EVALUATION INFLUENCE ON JOB SATISFACTION AND EFFECTS OF NONFINANCIAL CRITERIONS ON JOB SATISFACTION ARE NOT SO DIFFERENT FROM EFFECTS OF FINANCIAL CRITERIONS.

EXPLORATION OF UNCONVENTIONAL OIL RESOURCES AND EXTENSIVE INVESTMENTS FOR IMPROVEMENT OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FROM THESE RESOURCES LED TO INCREASE OF EXTRACTABLE OIL RESERVES FROM TECHNICAL ASPECT. IN ADDITION, BY INCREASE OF OIL PRICE DURING PREVIOUS YEARS, EXTRACTION FROM THESE RESERVES HAS BEEN ECONOMICAL. THEREFORE, INCREASE OF UNCONVENTIONAL RESERVES IN UNITED STATES, CHINA AND CANADA AND … BESIDE MIDDLE EAST AND RUSSIA AS TRADITIONAL PRODUCERS, MAKE FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES IN ARRANGEMENT OF WORLD MARKET MAIN PLAYERS, AND DISTURB THE PRESENT BALANCE OF TRADITIONAL PRODUCERS’ POWER IN DEVELOPMENT COUNTRIES AND NEW ECONOMIES AND WILL PLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE TO SUPPLY SECURITY OF THESE COUNTRIES AND MANAGEMENT OF OIL WORLD MARKET. THIS RESEARCH SHOWS THAT UNCONVENTIONAL REVOLUTION HAS MULTI CONSEQUENCES ON ENERGY MARKET LIKE RANKING CHANGE OF WORLD OIL REGIONS THROUGH EXPLORATION OF UNCONVENTIONAL RESOURCES, EFFECT OF UNCONVENTIONAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ON PRODUCTION TREND OF CRUDE OIL, OIL PRICE DOWNTREND IN GLOBAL MARKET, IMPLICATION OF UNCONVENTIONAL SOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN DEPENDENCY OF CONSUMER COUNTRIES AND CHANGE OF TRADE PATH. SO, THIS RESEARCH CAN HELP TO A BETTER RECOGNITION OF THE FUTURE ROLE OF IRAN, AS AN IMPORTANT CONVENTIONAL ENERGY PRODUCER.

TAX IS THE MOST IMPORTANT SOURCE FOR GOVERNMENT INCOME. IN COUNTRIES WITH DIFFERENT POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC STRUCTURE, THE IMPORTANCE OF THIS VARIABLE IS DIFFERENT AND THE IMPACT OF THIS VARIABLE ON THE OTHER ECONOMIC VARIABLES IS NOT THE SAME. ONE TYPE OF THESE TAXES IS CAPITAL GAIN TAX. THE CAPITAL FORMATION, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH ARE AMONG THE VARIABLES WHICH ARE AFFECTED BY ECONOMIC STRUCTURE.IN THIS PAPER, BY SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS SYSTEM IN GMM METHOD, THE IMPACT OF CAPITAL GAIN TAX ON THE CAPITAL FORMATION, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN IRAN AND SELECTED TRADE PARTNERS (DENMARK, STEVEN, ITALY, NETHERLANDS, SWISS), WILL BE STUDIED IN PANEL FORM. THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE CAPITAL GAIN TAX GROWTH RATE, WITH THREE LAGS, INCREASES THE PHYSICAL CAPITAL FORMATION GROWTH RATE. ALSO, CAPITAL GAIN TAX GROWTH RATE, WITH THREE LAGS, DECREASES THE FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT GROWTH RATE AND INCREASES THE ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE.