SCIENTIFIC: MIDDLE EASTERN AND MEDITERRANEAN DIET: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

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ESMAILLZADEH AHMAD

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Journal: NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH Year:2014 | Volume:1 | Issue:SUPPL. (1) Page(s): 9-9

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Title

SCIENTIFIC: MIDDLE EASTERN AND MEDITERRANEAN DIET: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES

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ESMAILLZADEH AHMAD | Issue Writer Certificate

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Abstract

Mediterranean diet has been introduced as a healthy dietary pattern for heart. Adherence to this dietary pattern has been linked to reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. However, little is known and has been published about Middle Eastern dietary pattern. This review was conducted to compare Mediterranean with Middle Eastern dietary pattern.The content of macro- and micro-nutrients of these two dietary patterns are different. Carbohydrates constituteapproximately 55 to 60 percent of energy intake in both diets. However, the main source of carbohydrates in Mediterranean diet is whole grains, fruits and vegetables; while the main carbohydrate content in Middle Eastern countries is refined grain with high glycemic index and glycemic load. The most important difference between two diets is the amount and types of dietary fat. In Middle Eastern dietary pattern, less than 30% of energy intake comes from fat; whereas the Mediterranean diet is a high fat eating pattern (35-40% of energy intake). In addition, the major sources of fat in the Mediterranean diet are olive oil and nuts.The amount of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and trans fatty acids (TFA) in this dietary pattern are low. In contrast, hydrogenated vegetable oils, dairy products, and animal products make up the large proportion of fat intake in Middle Eastern dietary pattern. It is worth noting that SFA and TFA content of this diet is much higher than international standards. Although the protein content of the Mediterranean diet is slightly lower than Middle East dietary pattern; high consumption of fish along with a small amount of animal products, red meat and especially processed meats intake, are considered prominent features of Mediterranean dietary pattern. On the other hand, Middle Eastern population consume large amounts of red and processed meats.Overall, the differences in both amount and sources of carbohydrate, fat and protein in the mentioned diets, has made the Middle Eastern diet as an increasing risk factor for chronic diseases, while Mediterranean diet decreases the risk. Main characteristics of these dietary patterns including differences in amount and type of dairy products, significant variations in the amount of micronutrients intake such as fiber, several vitamins, minerals and flavonoids, are discussed in the present review. Given the cultural similarities between the Middle East and the Mediterranean populations, it seems that by making little changes in food pattern of Middle Eastern can decrease differences between two diets and introduce Middle Eastern dietary pattern as a healthy eating pattern in the world.

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APA: Copy

ESMAILLZADEH, AHMAD. (2014). SCIENTIFIC: MIDDLE EASTERN AND MEDITERRANEAN DIET: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH, 1(SUPPL. (1)), 9-9. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/342563/en

Vancouver: Copy

ESMAILLZADEH AHMAD. SCIENTIFIC: MIDDLE EASTERN AND MEDITERRANEAN DIET: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH[Internet]. 2014;1(SUPPL. (1)):9-9. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/342563/en

IEEE: Copy

AHMAD ESMAILLZADEH, “SCIENTIFIC: MIDDLE EASTERN AND MEDITERRANEAN DIET: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES,” NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH, vol. 1, no. SUPPL. (1), pp. 9–9, 2014, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/342563/en

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