Annals of Military and Health Sciences Research
Year:2011 | Volume:9 | Issue:2 (SERIAL NUMBER 34)|Papers Count:15

Background: Pulmonary embolism is a prevalent and fatal pulmonary disease. In this study, the relationships of clinical and echocardiographic findings with serum troponin T level in patients diagnosed as having acute pulmonary embolism with normal pulmonary artery systolic pressure were investigated.Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 33 patients (18 with normal troponin T, lower than 14 pg/ml and 15 with elevated troponin T) with acute pulmonary embolism (mean age, 49.3; 18 male and 15 female), who hospitalized in Emam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences between 2009 and 2010. Clinical and echocardiographic findings were analyzed by using χ2, Exact Fisher’s test and student’s t-test. Serum troponin T level was measured by ELISA highly sensitive method.Results: The prevalence of dysfunction, hypokinesia and dilatation of right ventricle, and also pulmonary hypertension in echocardiographic findings and right ventricular S3 sound in clinical finding was significantly higher in patients with elevated troponin T. McConnell’s sign, loud P2 sound, elevated jugular venous pulse and lowered left ventricular ejection fraction were higher in elevated troponin T patients, but there were not significant.Conclusion: According to results of the study, it seems that the elevated troponin T accompanies with right ventricular dysfunction signs in patients with acute pulmonary embolism.

Introduction: The authors aimed to investigate the accuracy of three ultrasonic fetal biometric formulae (Campbell, Shepard, and Hadlock) for estimating term fetal weight.Methods: Ultrasonography was performed in 92 uncomplicated pregnancies. Fetal biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference, head circumference, and femur length were measured. Simple linear regression was used for evaluating the correlation between derived weights and each formula.Results: The mean (SD) actual weight was 3251.5 (403.3) grams. The mean (SD) measured weights according to Campbell et al, Shepard et al, and Hadlock et al formulae were 3309.7 (411.1), 3246.7 (433.2), and 3323.1 (383.2) grams, respectively. R2 (R squares) of the Hadlock formula was the highest (0.77), followed by 0.75 for the Campbell formula and (0.68) for the Shepard. Conclusion: There was discrepancy between obtained results in comparison to other former reports from other countries and ethnicity is one of its reasons. We recommend that the Hadlock or Campbell formulas are the formulas of choice in the calculation of fetal weight in Iranian population.

Background: Nanotechnology is a method of controlling materials in the atomic scale and can be used for producing new materials, products and instruments. One of the important usages of nanotechnology is the field of food science. With the nanotechnology, intelligent packaging with response to the environment, repairing itself or informing the customer from the contamination can be achieved. Nanofilms also can protect the foods from microorganisms. This survey has been done to evaluate the effects of nanofilms on the extension of sausages shelf life.Materials and Methods: 14 samples of cocktail sausages from a defined brand are selected haphazardly and divided into two groups “A” as control with 7 samples and B” as case with remained another 7 samples. Group “A” samples were in the original packaging, but the group “B” packed in nanofilms of Nanosilver coated on Titanium dioxide (TiO2). All the samples (A and B) had put in an empty refrigerator. Every 3 days one of the samples from group “A” and one of the samples from group “B” is removed from the refrigerator and referred to the panelists for organoleptic and sensory evaluations. The results were recorded in a questionnaire.Results: With the information from the questionnaires and SPSS analysis of parameters it could be said that: 40 percent of group “A” and 74.3 percent of group “B” were acceptable for the color parameter.42.9 percent of group “A” and 74.3 percent of group “B” were acceptable for the taste parameter.48.6 percent of group “A” and 80 percent of group “B” were acceptable for consistency parameter. 45.7 percent of group “A” and 85.7 percent of group “B” were acceptable for visual inspection. 40 percent of group “A” and 80 percent of group “B” were acceptable for the odor parameter.Conclusion: Analysis of results show that nanofilms can extend the shelf life of cocktail sausages and “B” samples in the nanofilms were acceptable and consumable for visual inspection and color even after expiry date, but the group “A” was unacceptable and inconsumable after expiry date because of notable changes in odor, color and visual inspection.

Background: Development and revolution of productivity are among most important objects of society. For the first time Kurt Loin in January 1947, surveyed effective factors on productivity based on force field analysis. This research is also about effective factors on current service level of health and clinical center staff selected from dispensary of military, Mazandaran province based on force field analysis (Kurt Loin), sent 2008.Materials & Methods: This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study and the population under study consisted of 5 clinical health centers in Mazandaran province. 320 working personnel of clinical health centers in medical, paramedical and administrative supportive sections were selected for this study. The tool for data collection was questionnaire including two parts and 32 questions with 10 pages annex that were employed after requisite changes and appearing validity with integration coefficient 0.895 and Reliability. Collected data was recorded in SPSS software and analyzed through SPSS, EXCELL and tests of descriptive statistics (means, deviation and Kurt Loin collection).Results: According to the survey, factors like interaction with coworkers, inferiors and supervisors were among the most important contributing factors with the highest mean score of 5.76, 5.61, and 5.6 respectively. On the other hand, factors like wages, job safety and work characterization were among the most important inhibiting factors with lowest mean score of 2.92, 3.44, 3.73 respectively, in three occupational levels: medical, paramedical and administrative supportive.Conclusion: The power of contributing factors in each 5 centers studied was more than the power of inhibiting factors. According to the importance of assigning goals as one of the basic factors in development and growth, it is necessary that authorities pay due attention in supporting the contributing factors and reducing inhibiting factors to reach the optimum productivity.

Background: Foot problems are a leading cause of hospitalization for the patients who have been identified as having diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcome of different factors on treatment of patients with diabetic foot referring to Taleghani hospital from 2007–2009.Materials & Methods: Diabetic patients fulfilling our inclusion criteria entered the study. In addition to their physical and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and other information regarding their life style and habits, etc. were also collected through a questionnaire. The collected information was recorded in their medical files and was further analyzed using t2 & χ2 tests by SPSS software.Results: Out of 80 patients, 58.75% were male and 75% of patients were above 50 years of age. 67.5% of patients were under graduated. 68.75% of these patients suffered diabetes for more than 10 years. 26 patients injected insulin while the rest used oral drugs to control their hyperglycemia. 48 patients were smokers (mainly cigarette). Alcohol drinking was also considered in this study. Conservative treatments were advised for 43% of patients and for 36% of cases finger amputation and for 11 patients foot amputation was the treatment employed.Conclusion: Analysis of data reveal that there is significant relation (P<0.05) between the level of education and knowledge of patients regarding their illness and its sequelae, presence of distal palpation, control of diabetes and smoking. t2 test indicates that patients´ age among those with good knowledge about the diabetes is significantly lower than patients without enough knowledge about diabetes mellitus (P<0.05). Foot involvement among patients who are negligent about their condition happens quicker. There is no significant correlation between alcohol drinking, drugs consumed to lower blood sugar and duration of diabetes (P>0.05).

Background: Leishmaniasis is one of the important parasitic diseases in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.Iran are one of the endemic areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis in worldwide. Staff of the Armed Forces, sometimes, is forced to accommodate in or around cities and villages thus they are at the risk of this disease and they can transfer the disease to other parts of the country. In this study cutaneous Leishmaniasis status has been studied in patients referring to a 554 military Zanjan hospital in 2009.Materials and methods: This study is descriptive and cross-sectional. The military personnel with Leishmaniasis returning from the south west of the country (Fakeh) were examined according to questions of a questionnaire.Results: This Study was done on 37 cases of positive cutaneous Leishmaniasis referred to the 554 military Zanjan hospital. Most of the patients had one scar (54.1%). The wounds were mostly on hand (35.1%) and then foot (24.3%). 90% of patients did not notice their bites, because the bite may had no symptoms and pain at first.Conclusion: The results of this study show that prevention and control among the troops is necessary and recommended before the establishment of camps in the endemic areas of leishmaniasis.

Background: Osteoarthritis of the first Carpometacarpal joint is a common debilitating problem. Because of the important role of thumb in upper limb function, Pain of the disease, joint’s instability and deformity, causes functional disorder of the hand. The usual treatments have various and short term consequences. In this study, the injection of Hypertonic dextrose and corticosteroid in the named joint has been compared.Materials & Methods: This study was a prospective randomized double blind Clinical trial. In the Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinic of 501 Army hospital, among the new patients having the inclusion criteria in the year 1388-89, 30 hands were randomized to each treatment group. A Questionnaire on the Patients’ demographic identity was filled out, then the variables on this study and the two comparisons were registered right at the beginning of the study and after one, two and six months consecutively.Results: In both groups 6 months after the initiation of intervention, symptom severity through the factors of pain on joint pressure and pain on movement, Gripping, Eating and Dressing function and the maximum lateral pinch strength were greatly improved, but most of the factors (including pain on pressure & joint movement, Dressing & Gripping function) in Dextrose group versus Corticosteroid were improved more significantly (p<0.05).Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, Dextrose injection versus Corticosteroid could have a better long term effects and might have lesser side effects.

Background: Hypertension is a growing pandemic in the world and causes 7 million deaths annually. In Iran, about 10 million people have hypertension. Hypertension is an important risk factor for other diseases. Therefore monitoring & evaluation of blood pressure (BP) has clinical & epidemiologic importance. Although there has been lot of breakthroughs in diagnosis & treatment of HTN, only few patients merit an adequate blood pressure control. On the other hand, white coat syndrome has caused an inadvertent administration of anti-hypertensive drugs, inflicting unnecessary drug complications on the patients. Therefore, constant self-blood pressure measurements in home seems indispensable to achieve a true presentation of BP and subsequently a depiction of BP rises and falls though graphs.Materials & Methods: This article employed data from original articles of renowned journals and the corresponding author.Results: Daily fluctuations of BP, nocturnal falls, heart rate fluctuations and BP rises herald crucial information regarding renal and cardiovascular accidents. BP monitoring during physical activities such as exercise stress test, reveal diseases that may be still in subclinical stages. This information is of utmost importance in prognosis and risk assessment of high risk patients with diabetes, heart failure and chronic renal disease. In addition, they could be established for recording subclinical events in occupational hazards in army personnel’s, flight personnel’s, military commanders, security service personnel’s and other stressful professions.Conclusion: in this article, we established a review on the subject and a practical approach in BP monoitoring from the clinical epidemiologic prospective.

Background: The paper delves into hermeneutics, a subject in philosophy of medicine. First we have an overview on the history, definitions and categories of the theory. Next we discuss three viewpoints in this area, namely subjective, dialogic and holistic, which deal with different ways of interpreting a disease. A hermeneutics attitude to medicine aims to make a relation between modern medicine (having a particularistic point of view) and traditional medicine (having a holistic point of view) in order to achieve better diagnosis and treatment. There have been some efforts in the field carried out by scientists such as George Engel, who suggested bio- psycho- social model against bio-medical- model; nevertheless they are not complete enough. The most important downside of these alternate models is insufficient speed in diagnosis. Finally, we introduce Derrida’s viewpoint which can be thought as a comprehensive eclectic view, covering all previous ones and a means to better interpretations in medicine.Materials & Methods: This study is interpreting review of the matter and consider to the great theoretical point of view.Results: Our hypothesis tries to verify that using hermeneutics as a method in medicine will gradually lead us toward a systematic use of interdisciplinary sciences such as complementary medicine. The data collection method is by available studies done by domestic and foreign researchers.Conclusions: The hermeneutics approach in medicine, on the one hand, it shows different ways of interpreting a disease in theory forms and other it emphasize to place of philosophical comprehensive attitude and necessity use of interdisciplinary sciences in medicine because of two– dimensional human essence (body and soul).

Oral cysts are divided into two subgroups as odontogenic and non-odontogenic. One of the most common and important cysts is odontogenic keratocyst which called O.K.C. this lesion has a different nature and it is noted as a tumor lesion in recent years. This lesion most frequently appears in first and third decade of life and occurs in the posterior part of the mandibular bone. This lesion has a more extension than expansion. In this present study a case of O.K.C was presented with uncommon appearances. A 50 – year old female with history of expansion in the anterior part of mandibles was referred to the department of oral medicine, 600 NEZAJA center. Clinically, there was a bucal expansion without pain over the Teeth with crowding. Radiographic images and CT scan showed a unicystic radiolucency with teeth movement, without cortical perforation. After biopsy, the diagnosis of O.K.C was reported. Six months follow–up did not show any recurrent lesion. This article is recommended to the dentists because OKS has different clinical and radiographic findings. For this reason all cysts should be considered and evaluated.