GANJINE-YE ASNAD
Year:2020 | Volume:29 | Issue:4 (116) |Papers Count:7

Purpose: Reports the role of the International Labor Office (ILO) in enacting and formulating the first labor law in Iran in the late Qajarid and early Pahlavi years Method and Research Design: Archival records and library materials were examined to collect data. Findings & Conclusion: Reza Shah (1925-1941) was not interested in regulating employer-employee relation partly because of partly because of an undeveloped economy and the lack of the industrial proletariat. His concern about the left-wing parties. Initially he preferred to preserve the traditional work relation. He regarded the matter of merely internal He thought he could disregard the demand of ILO for reform. However, later he found it impossible to resisit the international pressure and ordered the first labor laws to be drafted.

Purpose: Bandar Gaz a small town at the southeast end of the Caspian Sea turned to trade center with Russia when Russian merchnts established their business there in mid-nineteenth century. However, after the construction of the Trans-Caspian Railway the focus of Russians moved to Khorasan. Then prominent Iranian merchants, Amin al-Zarb brothers and and Thumanian brothers, established their offices in the city. This paper reports the development of the city from Mid 19th-to Mid 20th century. Method and Research Design: Data is gathered from archival records and library materials Findings and Conclusion: Commerdial importance and geograchical advangtages led to the construction of port facilities. As the result, Russian as well as Iranian merchants were attacted to the area. Later development of the port, however, was due to the Iranian merchnts who remained active after Russians left the area.

Purpose: Discusses the importance of the construction and maintenance of the Mashhad-Ashghabad road in the latest years of Qajars (bet. 1887 – 1924). Method and Research Design: Archival records held at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Malek National Museum of Iran congather data. Findings and Conclusions. The efforts of Abolqasem Malak-a-Tojjar, the consentionnaire, empowered by the support of a group of Iranian and Russian merchants, some statesmen, and the Russian embassy in Tehran facilitated the construction of the road. However, greviance by a group of landowners on sides of the road, as well as the opposition of some Mashhad merchants led to the slowdown of project. In addition, the lack of road construction equipment, financial shortcomings, and the redirectiond of the road, contributed to the further slowdon. In the short term, the delay caused dinanaccial losses for some. In the long term however, when operational, merchants of Khorasan benefited largly from the road.

Purpose: Reza Shah's reign was a new stage in the advancement of women's status in Iran. The new government implemented a number of programs in line with the modernization and secularization, one being the establishment of teacher taining colleges (Daaneshsara) to provide training female teachers. Such initiatives played a significant role in promoting the status of women. Method and Research Design: Analysis is based on data gathered from archival and library materials. Findings and Conclusion: The establishment of girls' teacher training centers played a significant role in increasing women's literacy when graduates were recruited in newly extablished public schools. The initiative also provided an opportunity for woment to enter the public sphere, especially to the government departments and research centers. However, at the early stages this was mainly limited to the upper class memebers.

Purpose: Examining the posibiliy of setting up an archive for preserving Tehran Metorpolitan area Municiparly records. Method and Research Design: Views of 65 stakeholders, including Tehran Metropolitan Area Councilors, expert members of the Arts and Cultural Organization of Tehran Municipality (ACOTM), as well as professional archivists of the National Archives of Iran (NAI) were sought using a researcher designed questionnaire. The questinnaire was divided into 5 categories. and 50 sub-categories It also included an open question. Findings and Conclusion: Respondants regarded the role of the Municipality crucial in the matter. ACOTM and NAI 'professioanls valued the idea of as a means to increase the citizen awareness of their cultural heritage and for the preserving the documents. Possibility of the provision of staff, building, resources, equipment and facilities were estimated higher than moderate, whereas, estimation for finance was moderate. We suggest that Tehran Municipality allocates an appropriate building that meets archival standards and seeks fininancial suppor of the public for the project and encourage people to deposit their documents.

Purpose: Suggesting a framework for describing archival material titles according to the rules of ISAD-G (ICA, 1999), RAD Canadian Archivists Association, (2008), MAD (Procter&cook, 2016), DACS (American Archivists Association, 2013) and RDA (Pazuki and Fatahi Translation, 1396). Method and Research Design: After classifying and matching data and information from library resources, common and distinctive relevant rules were identified and presented in tables under general and specialized rules. Findings and Conclusion: According to the standards, two classes of titles are assigned to records. Official vs Supplied (Devised Title). Official Titles include Formal, Parallel, Proper, Subtitle and Variant Title. Supplied Titles have three elements: name, nature and subject. Examples are also provided in this paper to further understand how to implement the rules.

Purpose: Variations of retouch on black and white glass plate negatives, including collodion and gelatin glass plates was a common practice in 19th and early 20th century. This paper, inspired by a larger research project, reports an examination of glass plate negatives held at Golestan Palace Photo Archive in Tehran to identify techniques and materials used. Method and Research Design: Data is collected by observations, historical technical literature on retouching as well as from library materials. Findings and Conclusion: Glass plate negatives are retouched by various tools and materials including graphite (pencil), abrasives (knife, needle or abrasive powders), colors, papers. Several techniques also have were applied as discussed in th epaaper.