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مرکز اطلاعات علمی SID1
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources
Title: 
Author(s): 

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    0
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (پیاپی 21)
  • Pages: 

    -
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    6218
  • Downloads: 

    0
Keywords: 
Abstract: 

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    1384
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (پیاپی 21)
  • Pages: 

    469-481
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    824
  • Downloads: 

    150
Abstract: 

پوتریوم (Sanguisorba minor Scop.) یکی از گونه های مرغوب ترکیب گیاهی مراتع طبیعی کوهستانی است و کاشت آن در آب و هوای معتدل و خاکهای حاصلخیز منطقه گرگان از عملکرد قابل توجهی برخوردار است. از این روی لازم بود تا مسایل بهزراعی آن مورد بررسی دقیق قرار گیرد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین میزان بذر و فاصله کاشت مناسب جهت بیشترین عملکرد بذر در ایستگاه چالکی گرگان با بارندگی 390 تا 650 میلیمتر در سال به صورت دیم انجام گرفت. در این تحقیق سه میزان بذر 10، 15 و 20 کیلوگرم در هکتار و چهار فاصله کاشت 40، 60، 75 و 100 سانتیمتر در قالب طرح آماری کرتهای خرد شده با چهار تکرار به مدت 4 سال مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که تیمار فاصله کاشت 100 سانتیمتر و میزان بذر 15 کیلوگرم در هکتار با متوسط عملکرد 702.5 کیلوگرم بذر در هکتار در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها از تولید بیشتری برخوردار بود. عملکرد تیمارها نیز در سالهای مختلف آزمایش متفاوت بود. به قسمی که در سال دوم آزمایش تولید بذر همه تیمارها نسبت به سال های دیگر بیشتر بود. بررسی فنولوژیکی گیاه نشان داد که اواخر خرداد زمان مناسب برداشت بذر می باشد.

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (21)
  • Pages: 

    357-375
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    1124
  • Downloads: 

    595
Abstract: 

Runoff production on watersheds is a natural phenomenon, whose intensity depends on many factors. Assuming a constant mean annual precipitation (MAP), an increase in runoff yield is an indication of the unsustainable management of natural resources on watersheds. Continuation of this trend leads to the lower productivity of the land and environmental degradation (desertification) from the headwaters to the terminal point of water disposal. This unfortunate trend is prevalent on most watersheds in the land of the I.R.of Iran. Statistical analysis of the MAP and runoff data collected during the 1966-1995period revealed that in spite of a relatively constant MAP, and a small decrease in the mean annual temperature (as snow forms about 8% of the MAP), the runoff volume, and the runoff: rainfall ratio have significantly increased in the study period. This, for the annual runoff amounted to 25.5million m3 for 1995. The runoff: rainfall ratio has increased trom10.8% in 1966 to 13.4% in 1995.Needless to say that this increased runoff does not contribute to vegetative production either on the watershed or the salt lake that receives the flow downstream of the Ab Garm Hydrometry Station, thus this most precious commodity in deserts is totally wasted.  

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

SHAKOI M. | ABASI H.R. | ALIHA M.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (21)
  • Pages: 

    377-394
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    4
  • Views: 

    1612
  • Downloads: 

    612
Abstract: 

Soil classification and development of Homand Range Research Station was the aim of the study, For the task, 40 years old results of the last soil survey were compared to new information collected on 2004. The station located in near Damavand city in the east part of Tehran, is 220 hectares covering by Astragalus (Tra) spp.-Euphorbia spp. Its annual rainfall touches 329 millimeters and the mean annual temperature is 10.5 ºC. Dry season is about 5 months and other month soil has leaching regime. Appearing classic and petrocalsic and also clay covers in the sub horizons and ochric in top horizon show the xeric regime in this area. Soil characteristics were collected from 19 soil profiles studied in detail scale. On the basis of the results and using the Key of Soil Taxonomy (1998) and Soil map of world FAO/Unesco 1989. Soil of the station were put into inceptisols order with xeric moisture regime. Sequence of formation shows that the soils have calcic and petrocalcic horizon formed on tree land types; terraces, gravelly alluvial fans and pediment plain. They classified in typical calcixerepts and Petrocalcic calcixerepts. Finally soils were separate in 4 series and 7 phases in station. The consequences shows that the territories of station have deep to very deep development soil and according to texture, clay loam to heavy clay loam with brown to brown near the yellow. The direct compression between organic carbon and nitrogen data in tow different period shows redaction in amount of organic carbon in most of samples in 2004 in compared with 1969. The average compression between organic carbon and nitrogen in 4 series soil with using t statistic method declared that the differences for organic carbon in tow period was not significant but for nitrogen was significant controversy.  

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

MIRZASHAHI K. | ROUHIPOUR H.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (21)
  • Pages: 

    395-407
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    1706
  • Downloads: 

    697
Abstract: 

An experiment was carried out from 1999- 2001at Safi-Abad Agricultural Research Center Dezful, to determine the effect of organic matter on the soil aggregate stability (eg. Mean Weight Diameter) and bulk density. Completely randomized design experiment (split- plot arrangement) of treatments with 3 replications was assigned in this study. Organic matter sources were as main plots consisting (Farmyard Manure, sugar cane bagas compost and wheat straw). Organic matter rates were as subplots consisting of 5, 10 and 15 ton/ha. Also, in each block a control treatment (with no application organic matter) was included. The results showed no significant differences among the effects of organic matter sources and the rates of application on the Mean Weight Diameter (MWD) index, though organic matter application from different sources improved MWD compared to control treatment. Significant differences were observed among organic matter sources and rates on the soil bulk density (Bd) at 1% level in which bulk density (Bd) decreased as the rate of organic matter increased.  

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (21)
  • Pages: 

    409-436
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    4
  • Views: 

    1686
  • Downloads: 

    595
Abstract: 

Information from range covers and yield variation due to effective factors important for management planning and correct management. To achieve this objective, creating an update data base, testing a model of range assessment by application of satellite data, advising range users and government agency working in Markazi province the present research was conducted. To do this, main vegetation communities of province were determined. In each community one permanent site including four parallel, 400 meter transect as established. Canopy cover and yield within 60 two square meter quadrates. Along transects were measured each year. Coordinate of transects and quadrates were determined using two set of Promark Xcm GPS. Landsat TM data close to ground data were obtained to test the model suggested by Arzani et al. 1994. To assess cover and yield from digital data. According to the result Markazi rangeland contain low vegetation composition. Desirable species were absence in vegetation composition and moderate and non-desirable species made major part of vegetation cover and yield. The result indicated the possibility of remote sensing application for cover assessment. Most Markazi rangelands saferfrom over grazing and should be improved with a suitable management program.  

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (21)
  • Pages: 

    437-467
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    4
  • Views: 

    1325
  • Downloads: 

    574
Abstract: 

Due to climatic condition, a large portion of Iran is considered as arid and semi-arid areas. The important characteristics of these areas are low annual precipitation and high rainfall intensity during short time resulting in huge and destructive flood. At present time, flood spreading on aquifers is one of suitable methods for controlling and optimizing usage of flood water and recharging groundwater on arid and semi-arid areas. Determination of suitable locations (site selection) plays an important role in success of flood spreading projects therefore it is necessary Quaternary sediments to be recognized thoroughly. Present research has been conducted in Tassuj plain, 110 km north-west of Tabriz with 252 km2 area. In order to determine suitable areas for flood spreading, five parameters e.g. slope, surface infiltration, transmissivity , dried alluvium thickness and alluvium quality (underground water conductivity) were studied. After preparing mentioned parameters in GIS environment (using Ilwis soft ware), digital maps of the study area from flood spreading point of view was classified into four classes from very suitable to unsuitable. Then based on its importance on site selection each layer received specified weight. Finally by combining layers using Boolean Logic, Index overlay maps and Fuzzy logic models and in comparison with controlled area (conducted by East-Azerbaijan Research Center for Natural resources and Animal Affairs) of flood spreading, suitable location map for each model was prepared. The result shows fuzzy logic model with gamma=0.5operator has the maximum conformity with the controlled area and can be considered as the best composing model to determine suitable locations (site selection) for flood spreading in the study area.  

Yearly Impact: مرکز اطلاعات علمی Scientific Information Database (SID) - Trusted Source for Research and Academic Resources

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Author(s): 

SANAD GOL A.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (21)
  • Pages: 

    470-481
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    0
  • Views: 

    213
  • Downloads: 

    360
Abstract: 

Sanguisorba minor is one of the important species in plant composition of mountainous rangelands. Its cultivation in Gorgan had good results. For this reason it was necessary to study the cultivation problems of this species. Determination of seed rates and planting spaces for yielding the maximum seed yield was the main objective of this study. This research was conducted in Chalaki Station which receives about 450-600 mm rainfall annually for four years. A split plot design with 4 replications applied. The treatments were seed rates (l0,15, 20kg/ha) and planting spaces (40,60,75,100 cm). Results showed that the treatment 100 cm planting spaces and 15 kg seed rate produced 702.5 kg/ha seed yield. The treatments had different performances in four years. The seed yields were maximum in second year.  

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Author(s): 

GHORBANIAN D.

Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (21)
  • Pages: 

    485-497
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    2
  • Views: 

    1508
  • Downloads: 

    607
Abstract: 

Genus of salsola, have to many annual and perennials species. This is important plant in the arid and semi arid regions and it has more deployment in the country and Semnan province. 6 species of annual and 12 perennial species of salsola genus has known in the Semnan province. Salsola rigida, besides most of the gastronomy and desirability, has to the resisting species in the equivalent (opposite) natural unsuitable condition. This species perennial shrubs forms, distribution in the Semnan province rangeland. This plant has high nutritive value. For investigation of rang characteristic of them, at first step, has selected three sites with salsola rigida coverage: 1) with good coverage, 2) with average coverage and 3) weak vegetation. Then, it has measure density, canopy cover, quantity of production1, gravel and biomass. Therefore, quantity of canopy cover of salsola rigid in the first vision has %4.5 (450 m2/ha) and quantity of production has 219.7 kg/ha. In second region, quantity of canopy cover %3.9 (390 m2/ha) and quantity of production has 124.4 kg/ha. In the third region, quantity of canopy cover has %1.8 (180 m2/ha) and quantity of production has 31.3 kg/ha. This species produce a large amount of seed. So, it is possible to produce many shoot and numerous shrubs have been planted desert and dryland in the Semnan province and country. This plant is useful in several cases: 1) planted in the poor cover regions and regions that expose to desertification. 2) planted in the tribes traffic line for range management. 3) So, for increase of quantitative and qualitative of range forage for tribes animals (sheep and goat). In this manner, this plant is very good plant for natural resource action.

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Issue Info: 
  • Year: 

    2005
  • Volume: 

    12
  • Issue: 

    4 (21)
  • Pages: 

    499-524
Measures: 
  • Citations: 

    3
  • Views: 

    6296
  • Downloads: 

    909
Abstract: 

Astragalus adscendens is a perennial shrub 0.5 -1.0 m high with diagonally ascending branches, ending in flat-topped canopy of one meter or more in diameter. Its dense brunches give the canopy its wide funnel-like shape. In this research, the autecologies of A.adscendens in three ranges of elevation were investigated in Feridounshahr region which has the minimum temperature of -20°cand the maximum temperature of 35.5°Cand the mean annual rainfall of 499 mm. Phonological stages were determined by using at least 30 plants in 3 major sites. In this research, a map of spatial distribution of this prickly shrub was provided. By random-systematic sample of line transects, biological criteria such as canopy cover, soil moisture were measured. The results showed that the most distribution of this plant was North and west aspects, up to 25-40% and 40% slopes at an elevation range between 2700-3000m. Astragalus adscendens begins it growth in early March after a period of winter dormancy and completes its vegetative growth in early June. This period corresponds to insect activity which progresses to the egg stage (Naeem and Behdad, 1988). The insect is in the nymph stage during flowering of the host plant. During seed ripening, the insect has completed its nymphal stage (instars I, H, III, and IV) and Gaz is secreted by the last instars in early October.  

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