Advances in Nursing and Midwifery
Year:2016 | Volume:25 | Issue:92|Papers Count:12

Background and Aim: A large number of postpartum women suffer from short and long-term complications of episiotomy. The aim of this study was to compare Chromic Catgut and Vicryl Sutures wound healing in postpartum women.Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial. The sample was 102 pregnant women who were randomly divided into two groups. The episiotomy wound repaired by Chromic Catgut and Vicryl respectively. 4-6 weeks after delivery both groups were evaluated for wound healing. Wound healing was evaluated using the scale (REEDA). The reeda scale consisted of 5 items including redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge, approximation. The data was analyzed by t-test and Mann-WhitneyEu test.Results: The results showed that the two groups had no significant difference in terms of age, gestational age, parity, duration of the second stage of delivery, the time between the delivery and repair of episiotomy, length of episiotomy repair and education. Reeda scale average score was lower in vicryl sutured wounds (p<0.05). The mean scores of redness, edema, ecchymosis and discharge were also significantly lower in vicryl group. The approximation scores had not significant difference between the two groups.Conclusions: According to the results of this study it seems that vicry sutures had better outcomes in healing of episiotomy wounds.

Background and Aim: The Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office of the World Health Organization has paid attention to blood and blood products safety as a necessary standard in the Patient Safety Friendly Hospitals Initiative (PSFHI). The objective of the present study was to investigate the quality of Haemovigilance system, the quality of blood preparation and patient monitoring at the time of transfusion, after implementation of the patient safety standards.Materials and Methods: This study was done on a single group with a repeated measure design in Baharloo hospital, Tehran, Iran. The data from 2012 (in the early establishment of standards) was compared with the data from 2014 (i.e. Four years later after implementation of the standards). 100 blood units were selected through a convenient sampling. The sample size was estimated using the Cochrane ’s Formula. The data were collected via a checklist. The data was analyzed descriptive statistics and the paired sample t-test.Findings: The mean scores of the quality of blood preparations were (6.92±0.299) and patient monitoring (7.96±0.654) after the establishment of patient safety standards, The scores increased in comparison with the early establishment of standards (2.52±0.611, 1.64±0.482). The differences were significant using a paired t-test (P<0.01).Conclusion: The present study indicated that the establishment of patient safety standards can improve the quality of blood preparations and patient monitoring at the time of transfusion in the Heamovigilance system.

Background and aim: Clinical education is one of the principal elements of nursing education. Cultural competency as one of the clinical education outcomes is an important issue in medical and nursing education by it health care providers can gain the ability of working efficiently. Cultural competency can be achieved by implementation and purposeful utilization some learning strategies and processes. The purpose of this article is an overview of utilization of new teaching approaches in clinical education of nursing students and getting information about achieving to learning outcomes, particularly in the cultural competence field.Materials and Methods: This was a review article. Persian databases, including Magiran, Iran Medex, SID and Irandoc were searched using keyword's clinical training, nursing, innovative teaching methods, clinical education. A total of 62 articles were collected, then 26 relevant articles were included in the final analysis.Results: Among related studies, six concept maps, six clinical education related, four varieties of mentorship approaches, three blended clinical teaching, and two computer-based approach were reviewed and the rest were other approaches.Conclusion: The results showed that cultural competency is a missing component in nursing education. Considering the importance and necessity of cultural competency, it is recommended that clinical education approaches particularly innovative strategies should use. The qualitative and quantitative methods should use for assessment and improvement of education of this important component.

Background and aim: Sharp injuries are very common among health care workers. They make injured worker concern and they need fallow up with diagnostic tests and preventive medications. The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence of sharp injuries, locations and their main causes among medical and nursing students.Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data was collected by a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics, frequency of sharp injuries, the ward that sharp injuries was occurred, locations of injury and reasons for them. Estimated content validity index and Reliability of questionnaire were 0.831 and 0.786. Data was analyzed by Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test using SPSS 16.Findings: In 41.3% of students sharp injuries had been occurred at least once. The prevalence’s were 48.4% in medical and 28.3% in nursing students. 66% of medical students and 100% of nursing students had been received preventing information. Most injuries were occurred in the emergency and internal medicine wards. Indiscretions and distraction were the main causes of injuries. The second finger of left and right hand was the most common place of sharp injuries and the injury rate were 31% and 26% respectively.Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of sharp injuries among medical and nursing students. Thus, to reduce the sharp injuries, precise educational programs are suggested. According to the results more injuries were happened in the second finger of both hands, strengthening of the gloves in these areas is recommended.

Background and Aim: Moral development, in recent years, has been one of the areas with special interest. Research in this area requires the use of accurate, validate and reliable tools. Defining issues test (DIT-2) is the most widely used scale in the field of moral development. The aim of this study was to translate and determine the psychometric properties of the instrument.Materials and methods: The instrument was translated by the method recommended by WHO. The aim the second phase of study was the determination of psychometric properties of translated instrument, including validity and reliability. The validity was determined by face validity method. The first reliability calculation in a 30 student sample was a=0.72. After correcting the questionnaire, it applied to 220 college students in Tehran. Data was analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and linear regression with SPSS 16.Findings: The internal consistency in the main sample was a=0.74. The mean score of DIT-2 was 43.25±10.11 with a range from 28 to 68. There was significant relationship between age and level of education with the level of moral development. Based on linear regression model study in master’s degree can increase the score by 10.01 in comparison with students in BS degree.Conclusion: The results of present study showed that the Persian version of DIT-2 has suitable validity and reliability in Iranian society. We recommend developing native scenarios for a Persian Version of instrument.

Background and Aim: Quality of life, because of its significant role in mental health has become very important in recent years. This aim of this study was to compare the quality of life of women with, and without primary dysmenorrhea and their pain reduction strategies in patients referred to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences affiliated health centers in Tehran.Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-comparative study. 390 women with, and without primary dysmenorrhea were divided into two groups of 195 participated. The samples were selected randomly from health centers in three regions of North, East and shemiranat of Tehran. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used and the study units entered based on inclusion criteria and their desire to participate in the study. Data collection tools were demographic and midwifery information questionnaire, strategies used for dysmenorrhea pain scale and health-related quality of life questionnaire (SF-36). Data analysis was carried out by SPSS 22 software. The data was analyzed using independent t-tests, Chi-square, Pearson's and Spearman correlation.Findings: Most of the study participants were married, with college education and the mean age was 24.23. The averages of quality of life score in participants with and without primary dysmenorrhea were 68.97 and 77.93 (of 100 points) respectively. Independent t-test in both groups showed a significant difference (p <0.05) in all aspects of quality of life (general health, bodily pain, physical functioning, physical limitations, emotional limitations, social function, mental health, vitality). The most frequent strategies in pain reduction were use of analgesics (37.8%). Among analgesics, Gelofen (25.8%) and Mefenamic acid (11.5%) had the highest rate.Conclusion: Comparing the quality of life in both groups showed a significant difference in all aspects. The most measures used to deal with primary dysmenorrhea were analgesic's consumption.

Background and Aim: Various studies results showed that new leaders can stimulate the creativity in their organizations. In order to provide robust evidence of the effect leadership style on creativity, the published experimental studies available on this topic were systemically reviewed.Materials and Methods: This was a systematic review study. Databases, including CINAHL, Google Scholar, IranMedex, PubMed, MedLib, Magiran, SID was searched. The keywords were leadership, modern leadership style, creativity, Innovation and Health. The quality of included articles was assessed by PRISMA checklist.Findings: Among the 819 articles, finally 16 articles were included in the study. Findings showed that, there was not an unequivocal positive influence of general leadership styles such as transformational leadership on creativity. However, the studies showed that specific leadership strategies such as empowering leadership and related to authentic leadership) could enhance creativity. Furthermore, setting creativity-related goals can positively influence creativity.Conclusion: Leaders can use this the results of this study to increase employee’s creativity and improve organizational processes. They can reach this aims by methods such as increasing staff's self-efficacy through guiding, feedback and having corporate performance.

Background and Aim: Spirituality is an important aspect of quality of life. The importance of spirituality and its growth in man lives is increasingly attracted to psychologist and mental health experts, in the past decades. The aim of present study was to predict mental health based on spiritual intelligence and family communication patterns among students of Islamic Azad University Roodehen branch.Materials and Methods: The sample of this study was 237 male and female undergraduate students whom they were selected by cluster sampling, and finally 236 questionnaires were prepared for analysis. The participants completed the three questionnaires (general health questionnaire, spiritual intelligent questionnaire and Family Communication Patterns Questionnaire). Obtained data was analyzed by correlation and multiple regression analysis.Findings: Multiple-regression indicated that correlations between the variables were significant and negative. The results also showed that conformity sub-scale has the most predicting power (b = 0.41), and spiritual life based on the strength of the inner core has the second place (b = 0.27).Conclusion: There are relationships between spiritual intelligent and family communication patterns with mental health among students of Islamic Azad University Roodehen branch.

Background and Aim: Syntocinon is one of the most well-known drugs for labour induction. Considering the side effects of it, attention increased to the physiological and non-pharmacological methods like nipple stimulation. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of nipple stimulation as a natural method and syntocinon infusion as a medical method for the induction of labor and its outcomes.Materials and Methods: This was a randomized controlled clinical trial that was performed in the maternity ward of Hazrat Zainab hospital of Babolsar in 2012. 132 primiparous women who were in 38-42 weeks gestational age with the indication for induction of labor participated in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to nipple stimulation and syntocinon infusion groups. In the nipple stimulation group Unilateral stimulation of nipple performed for 15 minutes, which followed by 15 minutes rest up to six hours. If there were effective contractions and changes in bishop score during this period, stimulation continued up to delivery. In the control group 10 units of syntocinon added in one litter of Ringer's serum, and it was infused by 2.5 mU/min dosage. If there was no effective contraction, 2.5 mu/min was infused every 15 minutes up to 40 mU. If there were effective contractions and changes happened in Bishop's score, the infusion was continued until delivery. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, observation check list and Mcgill's pain scale. Data were analysed using statistical tests including Chi-square and t-test, with a significance level of p<0.05 by SPSS version 16.Result: The two groups were similar regarding demographic characteristics, gestational age and Bishop's score at the start of the study. The mean of initiation of effective uterine contractions in the Nipple stimulation group was 176.4 ± 0.47 minutes and in syntocinon group, it was 134.4 ± 0.7 (P = 0.000). Length of the first stage of labor was significantly shorter in the syntocinon group (p =0.001). There were not any significant differences between two groups in length of the second stage, tetanic contraction's prevalence, abnormal fetal heart rate, meconium staining and Apgar score.Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that nipple stimulation can be used as a safe method for ripening the cervix and induction of labor especially in the cases which syntocinon is contraindicated.