Iran Journal of Nursing
Year:2012 | Volume:25 | Issue:76|Papers Count:12

Background & Aim: Problem solving is a skill vital for life today and its learning is essential for everyone. Considering that the best way to achieve the correct habits of thinking and judgment is to use educational programs and to confront students with real issues, the aim of this study was to identify the effect of D’ zurilla & gold fried problem solving model’s training on problem solving skill of nursing students.Materials & Methods: It was a randomized controlled trial. The sample consisted of 43 undergraduate nursing students of the Hazrat Ftemeh School of nursing and midwifery of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who participated voluntary and were randomly assigned into experimental(n= 20) and control (n=23) groups. The experimental group participated in six sessions of problem solving. Data was collected by the problem solving subscale of Bar-On emotional intelligence questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS-PC (v.11).Results: there was a significant difference between the mean scores of problem solving skills in the experimental group and control group immediately and two months after the intervention (p<0.01).Discussion: Regarding the impact of this model on the improvement of problem solving skills and the stability of its effects, using this model in different areas of nursing, including education, management, research and clinical area is recommended.

Background & Aim: People are the focus of all changes in organizations. Therefore, their readiness for change is among most important factors in current organizations. Empowerment enables employees to deal with the problems and threats with endurance and flexibility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between structural empowerment with nurses’ readiness for change.Material & Methods: It was a descriptive correlational study. One hundred and thirty nurses working in Hasheminejad hospital in Tehran were recruited by simple random sampling. Data related to people’s readiness for change, and structural empowering was collected by means of Pankern Han et al. (1998) tool and Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire- 11 (CWEQ-11) respectively. Data was analyzed using Spearman correlation test and multivariate linear regression analysis by means of SPSS-PC (v. 16).Results: There was a significant positive relationship between structural empowerment and nurses’ readiness for change (P≤0.01). Nurses’ access to opportunity had a significant statistical effect on their readiness for change (P≤0.001).Conclusion: Nurses’ readiness for change will increase if structural empowering constructs implemented in this hospital. It is recommended that planners and decision makers provide nurses with new knowledge and skills and give them the opportunity for doing challenging works; so they can promote their readiness for change while empowerment of employees.

Background & Aim: complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently lead to impaired social life, physical Function and daily activities in these patients and finaly the health-related quality of life (HRQL) of these patients will decrease. The aim of this study was to determine HRQL and its relationship with some demographic variables.Material & Methods: using a cross-sectional descriptive design, 331 COPD patients admitted to hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences were recruited by constant sampling. Data collection tools included demographic information form and HRQL questionnaire (SF-36). Data was analyzed using SPSS) v. 16 (, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA and Independent t- test.Results: the findings showed a reduction in HRQL especially in physical health dimension. Significant relationships were found between HRQL and some demographic characteristics such as gender, education level, duration of disease, type of medication and hospitalizations frequency during the past year (P <0.05).Conclusions: Regarding the relationship between HRQL and some demographic variables, using appropriate caring approaches such as executing educational programs about adequate activity, breathing exercices, techniques promoting breathing pattern and right ways of using medications in COPD patients is recommended.

Background & Aims: Professional values are the base of development of professional identity and commitment to the profession. However, there is limited research about professional values of nursing students in Iran. This pilot study aims to determine nursing students' perspective on professional values in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.Materials & Methods: It was a pilot descriptive, cross sectional study. Fifty six undergraduate nursing students in their last semester were recruited by census and their perspective on professional values was assessed during 2010. Data was collected by a two-part questionnaire. The first part included demographic variables and the second part was Nursing Professional Values Scale- Revised (NPVS_R) which examines 5 dimensions (caring, activism, trust, professionalism and justice) of professional values. Data was analyzed by descriptive and nonparametric statistical tests (Mann-whitney, Kruskal-wallis) and correlation tests (Spearman's rho) using SPSS-PC (v.13).Results: Mean scores of caring, activism, trust, professionalism, justice and overall dimensions was 3.55, 3.34, 3.82, 3.63, 3.72 and 3.59 respectively. The most important statements from the students’ perspective were "Maintaining confidentiality of patient" and "Maintaining clinical competency". Moreover, the students rated "Participate in peer review", "Confront practitioners with inappropriate practice", and "Participate in nursing research and/or implement research findings” as least significant. There was a significant association between the age of students and their perspective on "trust" dimension of professional values (p<0.05).Conclusion: Although the mean scores were within a ‘fairly important’ to ‘important’, but there is need for more programs to improve the students’ knowledge about some professional responsibilities and promoting their professional performance in a wide range of professional areas associated with caring duties.

Background & Aim: The multi dimensional construct of quality of life make it vulnerable to stress influence. Psychiatric Nurses experience high levels of occupational stress. So using preventive stress management programs would seem to be necessary. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of a Stress Inoculation Program on the quality of life of nurses working in psychiatric wards.Material &Methods: It was an experimental study with pre- post test design and control group. Sixty nurses and Healthcare workers, working in Ebne-Sina psychiatric hospital of Mashhad city were recruited and randomly assigned into two experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. Quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) was used as data gathering scale in three stages (before intervention, at the end of second session and 1 month after intervention). The intervention included two sessions (each 8 hours) of stress Inoculation program that was carried out with a one weak interval. Data were analyzed by Kolmogrov-smirnov¥Shapiro-wilk, X2, t, Repeated Measures and Fridman tests using SPSS-PC (v. 11.5).Results: The findings revealed that the mean score of quality of life in experimental group in pre-intervention stage (89.2±11) have been increased to 97.4±11.1 after intervention and to 105±8.6 in the third stage (one month later) and it was significantly more than control group (P<.005). The quality of life of the control group significantly decreased in post intervention stage and one month later (P<.001).Conclusion: Regarding the effect of stress inoculation program on nurses’ quality of life, using this approach is recommended to managers of psychiatric wards.

Background & Aim: The choice, acceptance and satisfaction of women with different types of contraceptive methods would affect their quality of life and sexual function. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the female sexual satisfaction with different types of contraceptive methods in clients referred to Qazvin city clinics.Material & Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out among 467 women in 6 midwifery units of Qazvin city health centers in 2009 using cluster random sampling method. Sexual satisfaction was assessed with Larson Sexual Satisfaction Scale among women using different contraceptive methods. Data analysis was performed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square test, Pearson correlation test and ANOVA) using SPSS-PC (v.16).Results: According to the findings, the percentage of using withdrawal, condom, OCPs, DMPA, IUD, TL and vasectomy were 25.5%, 26.3, 13.3%, 6.6%, 18.8%, 6% and 3.4%, respectively. Most of the participants (54.9%) had moderate sexual satisfaction. there were a significant difference between the mean score of sexual satisfaction and use of different types of contraceptive methods (P=0.041). The most sexual satisfaction was found with condom (28.6%) and withdrawal (26.5%) methods.Conclusion: The findings revealed that contraceptive methods can affect women’s sexual satisfaction. Accordingly, executing family planning training programs for counselors regarding the suitable choose of contraceptive method considering women’s sexual satisfaction is recommended.

Background and Aims: Physical, psychological and social problem along with significant changes in life style, diminish stoma patients quality of life. At the meanwhile self-efficacy can improve these patients’ quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life in Ostomates.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 84 Ostomates who referred to selected educational centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iranian Ostomy Society (IOS) were recruited by census. The data were collected with City of Hope Quality of Life–Ostomy Questionnaire (COH-QOL) and Stoma Self-efficacy Scale (Stoma SE Scale) and then analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of variance and regression analysis by SPSS-PC (v. 15).Results: The half of patients, achieved 50-75% of overall self-efficacy score (84-112). The mean score of stoma care-self-efficacy (55.8 ± 11.6) was more than the mean score of social-self-efficacy (42.1 ± 13.2). Moreover, most of patients were scored 7(of 10) and above for overall quality of life and its dimensions. The mean range of quality of life scores in different domains varied from 6 ± 2 for social dimension to 7 ± 1.5 for physical dimension. a significant positive association were found between self-efficacy and physical (P=0.00, r=0.485) psychological (P=0. 00, r=0.655), social (P=0.000, r=0.694) and spiritual (P=0.00, r=0.393) dimensions and also with overall quality of life (P=0.00, r=0.687). Also the highest correlation was found between quality of life and social self-efficacy subscale (b=0.695, P=0.000).Conclusion: With regard to the significant correlation between self-efficacy and different dimensions of Ostomates’ quality of life in this study, it is suggested that nurses design and execute appropriate interventions to promote these patients’ self-efficacy, especially in social dimension which had the highest association with their quality of life and in this way help to improve these patients’ quality of life.

Background & Aim: Night work could cause various disturbances in physiological, social and familial function because of changes in biological rhythms. Obesity which is associated with the increased risk of some disorders is considered as a possible adverse effect of night work in some studies. This study aims to determine the relationship between night work and anthropometric indices among nurses.Material & Methods: This descriptive, cross- sectional study was conducted on 325 female nurses working in selected hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences with mean age of 27.78 ± 4.92 who were recruited using simple random sampling method. The instruments were standard measuring tape, standard weighing scale and a researcher made questionnaire. Anthropometric indices included Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR). Night work was defined as the number of night shifts during last month and the number of years of night working. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and partial correlation using SPSS-PC (v. 11.0).Results: The findings revealed that 70.7% of subjects had BMI of 18.5-24.99 and 51.4% had WHR of 7.5-8.49.There was no statistical significant association between anthropometric indices and shift work duration or the number of night shifts per month, after omitting the effect of age.Conclusion: The results would not provide enough evidence for the relationship between night work and obesity or overweight. Longitudinal studies with comparison groups, studies on different night work schedules and on male nurses are also recommended.