Journal of Economic Research
Year:2001 | Volume:- | Issue:58|Papers Count:8

Macroeconomic Stability is a major prerequisite for real economic growth. In this Study in order to analyse the empirical relationship between macroeconomic instability and per capita real growth. a regression model has been specified for the Iranian economy. In this equation, Four variables including budget deficit as a ratio 10 CDP. inflation rate. percentage change in the real exchange rate. and the standard deviation of percentage change in the terms of trade have been used as proxies for macroeconomic instability. The equation has been estimated by OLS technique using annual data of the Iranian economy for 1342-77. Our findings point out that macroeconomic instability in Iran is a serious obstacle to economic growth. Securing macroeconomic Stability requires a more effective macroeconomic management, Pursuit of sound macroeconomic policies and greater Fiscal discipline.

This paper present a theoretical model in order to determine the expected rate of durable good "s supply over time. The social planner maximizes the sum of the discounted net benefit. subject to the stochastic fluctuation in the stock of durable goods. Is turns out that a social planner increases the expected rate of supply since uncertainty increases the user"s loss from the view point of the consumers

Islam is Known as the "Perfect Religion", the final .and the most complete of the devine religions, which call for the happiness and deliverance of the mankind. As in all great religions there are a list of commands calling upon the believers to take the responsibility for their deeds in exchange for the Freedom and choice of action that are provided for them. Religious commands, usually stated as "musts" and "must nots". constitute codes of conduct, that if are complied with, are believed to lead the world through an evolutionary procers to the final stage of devine deliverance, as promised by Almighty the Creator. Islamic codes of conduct covers a rather wide spectrum, encompassing all aspects of human activities including the economic affairs. This paper attempts to indicate the fact that Islamic codes of conduct, among other things, Command certain restrictions on economic activities, which are believed to provide for creation of a very favourable economic environment. The significance of Islamic codes on economic conduct is manifested by explaining the expected consquences of observing the devine commands baring engagement in evil economic acts, such as wasting, hoarding, inflicting undue loss upon others any involvement in unsound and forbidden dealings, and usur pation. It is argued that the observance of Islamic codes is expected to reduce transaction costs at large, thus leading to the condition of perfect competition, where misallocation of resources are eliminated, and equilibrium conditions for the optimality of producers" and consumer"s surplus are realized,. In conclusion it is indicated that believers in Islamic codes of conduct could help reform the economic conditions, and promote through their practices, the emergence of an efficient and healthy economic .system superior to and more advantageous than any possible alternative.

The objective of this paper is econometric analysis of Iranian agricultural products markets (case study of potatoes) by using equilibrium and disequilibrium techniques. Sections I and II proceeds by classification of disequilibrium econometric literature and supply and demand analysis for agriculural products, respectively. In the other parts of paper potato market of Iran was hypothesized and estimated. The results show considerable differences between calculated elasticities both for demand and supply equations.

This paper used a general equilibrium model to evaluate the effects of Adjustment Polices. The model includes both demand and supply side equations. Relationships concerning household and government income are also included in model. Iterative three-stage least squares method is used to estimate the model. Then the model is used to simulate the effect of seven alternative policies on poverty and income distribution. The results indicate that: 1- Poverty and income inequality increases the most as the result of a devaluation policy and increases the least as a result of increase in government expenditure, 2- Postponement of adjustment policies will result in more equitable distribution of income, 3- Implementation of the first five - year development plan did not result in a more equitable distribution of income as compared with the current government policies, 4- Sen, Foster, Greer and Thorbecke indexes indicate that current government policies have the least effect on increasing poverty level. 01 Abstract I The postponement of adjustment policies will result in alleviation of poverty.

In this paper, I develop three forecasting models: namely structural, times series, and artificial neural networks; to forecast Iranian inflation rates. The structural model uses aggregate demand and aggregate supply approach, the time series model is based on the standard ARIMA technique, and the artificial neural network applies multi-layer back - propagation model. The latter, which is rooted in physic, cognitive, and computer sciences, mimics human brain to learn any complex pattern and to forecast their future behavior. the results of the forecasting competition show that the back propagation model is able to generate inflation forecasts much better than the traditional competitors.

The Date of Holding Ordinary General Assembly Dividend per shares approves in the ordinary general assembly, and this dividend per share belongs to those who officially and legally are regarded as the owner"s shares in the date of holding general assembly. So, the shares usually is transacted at the lower price after general assembly because it loses some part of it"s benefites. The investor who faces with one of the following decision making situation, can calculate the break even price for each of the decision making situation and forecasting the shares price with break after holding general assembly and compare the forecasted shares price Situationes even price, finally can make a favourabale decision. The decision making situationes are: 1- buying the shares before or after the general assembly date? 2-selling the shares before or after the general assembly date? 3- whether to buy the shares before the general assembly date and to sale it after the general assembly date? 4- whether to sale the shares before the general assembly date and to buy it after the general assembly date? The break even price is the price that when the forecasted share price is equal to the this price, the operations of buying and selling of the shares has provided no loss or profit for the investor. In the calculation of break even price, some formula has been represented so that includes the whole factores such as tax, commision and facilities cost of buying and selling shares and time value of dividend per share. and also some formula are represented to calculate profit and loss due to buying and selling shares.